Papers

61,005 results
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Article Tier 2

Micro- and Nano-Plastics Contaminants in the Environment: Sources, Fate, Toxicity, Detection, Remediation, and Sustainable Perspectives

This review provides a broad overview of micro- and nanoplastic pollution, covering where these particles come from, how they spread through the environment, and the damage they cause to living things including humans. The authors also compare different methods for removing microplastics from the environment, including physical, chemical, and biological approaches. The paper calls for more research and global cooperation to develop better tools for measuring the health risks of plastic pollution.

2023 Water 31 citations
Article Tier 2

Micro/nano-plastics occurrence, identification, risk analysis and mitigation: challenges and perspectives

This review provides a comprehensive overview of micro- and nanoplastic pollution, covering their sources, occurrence in different environments, identification methods, and potential risks to ecosystems and human health. Researchers examined current analytical techniques and found significant gaps in the ability to detect and quantify the smallest plastic particles. The study outlines mitigation strategies including improved waste management, advanced filtration, and biodegradable alternatives.

2022 Reviews in Environmental Science and Bio/Technology 233 citations
Article Tier 2

Review on impacts of micro- and nano-plastic on aquatic ecosystems and mitigation strategies

This review examines the environmental fate, ecological impacts, and remediation strategies for microplastics and nanoplastics in aquatic ecosystems. Researchers highlight that microbial remediation shows particular promise for breaking down these pollutants, while many nations are adopting regulations to limit plastic contamination of waterways. The study suggests that integrating approaches from nanoscience, microbial ecology, and remediation technologies is needed to address this growing environmental challenge.

2023 Aquatic Toxicology 13 citations
Article Tier 2

Microplastics and Nanoplastics in the Environment: Sources, Toxicity, and Ecological Implications

This review summarized the sources, environmental distribution, toxicological effects, and ecological impacts of microplastics and nanoplastics, drawing on two decades of research across marine, freshwater, soil, and atmospheric environments. The paper highlighted the global scale of MNP contamination and the urgent need for policy action to reduce plastic pollution.

2025 Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Article Tier 2

Environmental Fate, Behavior, and Risk Management Approaches of Nanoplastics in the Environment

Researchers reviewed the environmental fate, behavior, and risk management of nanoplastics, which are plastic particles smaller than one micrometer. The study suggests that nanoplastics may pose greater environmental and health risks than larger microplastics due to their nanoscale properties, though significant knowledge gaps remain about their transport, transformation, and long-term ecological effects.

2024 2 citations
Article Tier 2

Nano-plastics and their analytical characterisation and fate in the marine environment: From source to sea

Researchers reviewed the sources, environmental fate, organism interactions, and analytical detection methods for nano-sized plastic polymers in the marine environment, concluding that nanoplastics pose the greatest ecological risk among plastic size fractions and that standardized analytical protocols for nanoplastic characterization are urgently needed.

2020 The Science of The Total Environment 142 citations
Article Tier 2

Nanoplastics (NPs): Environmental Presence, Ecological Implications, and Mitigation Approaches

This review examines the sources, environmental pathways, and ecological effects of nanoplastics across terrestrial, aquatic, and atmospheric ecosystems. Researchers highlight challenges with detection and quantification and evaluate mitigation approaches including filtration, adsorption, and membrane bioreactors. The study emphasizes the need for stronger regulations, improved monitoring techniques, and engineering solutions to address the serious ecological problems posed by nanoplastics.

2025 Microplastics 7 citations
Article Tier 2

State of the Art of Microplastic and Nanoplastic Pollution: Origin and Removal Methods

This review traces the origins of microplastic and nanoplastic pollution, examining their sources, environmental pathways, and removal methods across water, soil, and air, as well as their instantaneous and long-term effects on living organisms. The study emphasizes that despite recognition as a contaminant since 2004, micro- and nanoplastics remain poorly regulated globally.

2023 Springer proceedings in physics 3 citations
Article Tier 2

Nanoplastics in the Environment: Sources, Fate, Toxicity, Challenges and Mitigation Strategies

This review covers the formation, environmental fate, and health risks of nanoplastics, emphasizing their capacity to penetrate biological barriers and cause oxidative stress, inflammation, DNA damage, and endocrine disruption, alongside current strategies for mitigation.

2025 Asian Journal of Environment & Ecology
Article Tier 2

Microplastics and Nanoplastics in the Environment: Sources, Toxicity, and Ecological Implications

This review covered the sources, environmental fate, toxicological effects, and ecological risks of microplastics and nanoplastics across all environmental compartments. The authors emphasized the bioaccumulation potential, persistence, and toxic effects of MNPs and called for coordinated international efforts to address this global contamination challenge.

2025 Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Article Tier 2

Nanoplastics: Emerging Threat in Global Plastic Pollution

This review examines nanoplastics as an emerging global threat within the broader plastic pollution crisis, discussing their sources, environmental distribution, and potential ecological and human health risks as a distinct concern from larger microplastic particles.

2024 Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences
Article Tier 2

Environmental fate, toxicity and risk management strategies of nanoplastics in the environment: Current status and future perspectives

This review provides a comprehensive look at nanoplastics -- tiny plastic particles smaller than one micrometer -- covering their environmental fate, toxic effects on organisms, and potential risks to ecosystems. Researchers found that nanoplastics can carry other pollutants like heavy metals and even serve as habitats for bacteria and viruses. The study calls for more research across all environmental compartments, including soil, air, and groundwater, to fully understand the scope of nanoplastic contamination.

2020 Journal of Hazardous Materials 594 citations
Article Tier 2

A review on occurrence, characteristics, toxicology and treatment of nanoplastic waste in the environment

This review summarizes the current understanding of nanoplastic pollution, including sources, occurrence in water, soil, and air, and potential toxicity to aquatic and terrestrial organisms. The study highlights major gaps in analytical methods for detecting nanoplastics and calls for more research on their environmental fate and health effects.

2021 Environmental Science and Pollution Research 56 citations
Article Tier 2

Research Progress of Microplastics

This review summarizes research progress on microplastics, covering their sources, distribution across environmental compartments, detection methods, and ecotoxicological effects on organisms. The authors highlight key knowledge gaps including the long-term fate of small microplastics and nanoplastics in terrestrial and aquatic systems.

2024 Engineering and Technology Journal 1 citations
Article Tier 2

The scientific basis for addressing marine micro- and nanoplastic pollution: Informing effective monitoring and remediation frameworks

This review synthesizes the scientific basis for monitoring and remediating marine micro- and nanoplastic pollution, covering detection technologies, ecotoxicological effects across the food web, and the specific challenges nanoplastics pose due to their nanoscale properties.

2025 Aquatic Toxicology
Article Tier 2

The environmental journey of micro- and nanoplastics: fate, transport, and toxicity

This review traces the journey of micro- and nanoplastics through the environment, from their sources in textiles and personal care products to their transport through water and soil systems. The authors highlight major gaps in knowledge, including the lack of standardized detection methods for the smallest particles and insufficient long-term data on human health effects. The review calls for better risk assessment to protect food safety and human health from microplastic contamination.

2026 Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 2 citations
Article Tier 2

Impact of Micro and Nano Plastics on Ocean Environment

This review examines the impacts of micro- and nanoplastics on ocean environments, covering their sources, fragmentation from larger plastic debris, effects on marine species across the food chain from plankton to fish, and implications for ocean ecosystem health.

2024
Article Tier 2

A Path to a Reduction in Micro and Nanoplastics Pollution

This review outlines strategies for reducing micro and nanoplastic pollution, covering prevention, cleanup, and policy approaches. The authors discuss biodegradable alternatives, improved waste management, advanced filtration, and regulatory frameworks that could help address the problem. The paper emphasizes that tackling microplastic pollution requires action across manufacturing, disposal, and environmental remediation.

2023 International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 35 citations
Article Tier 2

Environmental Toxicity of Emerging Micro and Nanoplastics

This review examines the environmental toxicity of emerging micro- and nanoplastics, covering their sources, degradation pathways, ecological impacts on organisms, and the need for standardized risk assessment frameworks.

2022 24 citations
Article Tier 2

Research progress on the sources and toxicology of micro (nano) plastics in environment

This review covers sources, distribution, and toxicity of micro- and nanoplastics across soil, water, and air, including effects on organisms and human health. It provides a comprehensive overview of the state of knowledge on environmental microplastic contamination and its consequences.

2018 8 citations
Article Tier 2

Micro and nanoplastics pollution: A review on global concern and its impacts on ecosystems

This review summarizes the current understanding of micro and nanoplastic pollution globally, covering their sources, movement through ecosystems, and risks to both environmental and human health. The evidence shows that these tiny particles alter soil and sediment properties, disrupt nutrient cycles, and pose potential climate hazards. The authors emphasize that more research is needed on how microplastics move through food chains and affect human health, particularly through contaminated food and water.

2024 Land Degradation and Development 13 citations
Article Tier 2

Nanoplastics in aquatic environments: Origin, separation and characterization: Review

This review covers the origins, separation methods, and characterization of nanoplastics in aquatic environments. Nanoplastics (1–100 nm) are particularly concerning because their tiny size gives them a large surface area for adsorbing pollutants and allows them to penetrate biological barriers more easily than larger microplastics.

2023 Tehnika
Article Tier 2

Plastic pollution in the aquatic ecosystem: an emerging threat need to be tackled

This review summarizes the growing threat of plastic pollution in aquatic ecosystems, with a focus on how microplastics and nanoplastics enter food webs starting at the lowest levels. The authors highlight the persistence of these particles and call for coordinated action to reduce plastic inputs to water bodies.

2021 3 citations
Article Tier 2

Micro/nanoplastics in aquatic ecosystems: Analytical challenges, ecological impacts, and mitigation strategies

This review provides a comprehensive assessment of micro- and nanoplastic pollution in aquatic ecosystems, covering detection methods, toxic effects across the food chain, and emerging cleanup strategies. Researchers highlight the limitations of current analytical techniques and the challenges of accurately measuring these tiny particles in water and living organisms. The study identifies key research priorities needed to better understand and mitigate the growing threat of plastic particle pollution in waterways.

2025 Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology 2 citations