A review on occurrence, characteristics, toxicology and treatment of nanoplastic waste in the environment

Nanoplastics (NPs) have showed hotspot of discussion in recent years due to their impact in environment as a futuristic major pollutant in water, soil and air. In this correspondence review on the occurrence of nanoplastics and its effect at the environment as a waste have been overviewed and assimilated. It has the direct or indirect effect on aquatic and terrestrial geographical living beings due to its toxicity. The review revealed the major lacking in the field of analysis, database of contaminant quantity and legislative support to essential eradication on the existing imminent pollutant effects. A brief discussion about properties and characters of nanoplastics has been done. The environment exposed with macroplastics, microplastics and nanoplastics has abundantly contaminated the ecosystem surrounding it. Recent studies reveal that the major health effect by nanosize particles has mainly induced toxicity to the aquatic and terrestrial animals when compared to microsize particles and macrosize particles. The drastic effects and its toxicity in living ecosystem due to nanoplastics have been shown. The occurring waste is supposed to manage from environment by treating before entering into environment. The degradation methods for treatment of nanoplastics have been discussed in this review work.