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Papers
61,005 resultsShowing papers similar to Particle Emissions and Disc Temperature Profiles from a Commercial Brake System Tested on a Dynamometer under Real-World Cycles
ClearMeasurement and Analysis of Brake and Tyre Particle Emissions from Automotive Series Components for High-Load Driving Tests on a Wheel and Suspension Test Bed
This is not primarily about microplastics — it is a vehicle emissions study measuring brake and tyre particle emissions (size distribution, mass, and composition) under high-load driving conditions on a test bed, focused on aerosol characterization and non-exhaust emissions regulation.
Characteristics of Real-World Non-Exhaust Particulates from Vehicles
This study characterized non-exhaust particulate emissions from vehicles including brake wear, tire wear, and road surface particles, examining their size distributions, chemical composition, and toxicity potential. The results support calls for regulatory frameworks that extend beyond tailpipe emissions to address the full spectrum of vehicle-derived pollution.
The problem of emission of total particulate matter and heavy metals from tribological systems in vehicles
Researchers measured total particulate matter and heavy metal emissions generated by tribological contact — friction and wear between mechanical components — finding that brake and tire wear produces significant airborne particle loads containing lead, copper, zinc, and other metals. The results underscore tribological wear as a major non-exhaust source of urban air pollution.
Emission Characteristics of Tyre Wear Particles from Light-Duty Vehicles
Researchers measured the number concentrations and elemental composition of tyre wear particles emitted from light-duty vehicles under different driving test cycles using a chassis dynamometer. The study found that aggressive driving cycles with larger accelerations and decelerations produced much higher particle emissions, and that high driving speeds with rapid acceleration generated the most tyre wear particles.
Characteristics of Real-world Non-exhaust Particulates from Vehicles
Researchers characterized non-exhaust particulate emissions from vehicle tire and road wear, collecting atmospheric PM samples with a high-volume quartz filter sampler and using pyrolysis-GC/MS to analyze tire rubber markers including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and heavy metals, quantifying the contribution of tire-brake-road wear particles to urban air pollution.
Analytical Investigation of Tire Induced Particle Emissions
This automotive engineering study measured the size distribution of fine dust particles (under 10 micrometers) generated by tire wear, finding that tire-derived particles represent a significant non-exhaust source of urban particulate matter. As electric vehicle adoption reduces exhaust emissions, tire and brake wear particles will become a proportionally larger component of urban air pollution. These tire wear particles are also a major source of microplastic contamination in road runoff.
Review of Health Effects of Automotive Brake and Tyre Wear Particles
This review summarizes what is known about the health effects of brake dust and tire wear particles, which are now the largest transport-related sources of particulate air pollution in cities. Tire microplastics are also the biggest contributor of unintentionally released microplastics in the environment, and the review examines their effects on human cells and organisms as the EU introduces the first worldwide limits on these emissions.
Characteristics of Vehicle Tire and Road Wear Particles’ Size Distribution and Influencing Factors Examined via Laboratory Test
Researchers conducted laboratory tests to characterize the size distribution of tire and road wear particles under various conditions. The study found that factors such as driving speed, tire composition, and road surface characteristics significantly influence the size and quantity of wear particles released, which are a growing source of microplastic pollution.
Characterization of airborne tire particle emissions under realistic conditions on the chassis dynamometer, on the test track, and on the road
Researchers developed a new tire and road wear particle (TRWP) sampling system and characterized airborne emissions under real-world conditions on a chassis dynamometer, test track, and public road. Emissions showed a bimodal size distribution with dominant modes at ~10 nm and 270 nm, with SEM/EDS revealing two particle formation mechanisms and confirming tire rubber as a major source of ultrafine airborne particles.
Analysis of TRWP Particle Distribution in Urban and Suburban Landscapes, Connecting Real Road Measurements with Particle Distribution Simulation
Researchers combined road-based tyre and road wear particle emission sampling with particle distribution simulations at a high-traffic urban intersection, finding that TRWP concentrations correlated with vehicle dynamics such as braking and acceleration, and that air humidity and dust resuspension significantly influenced particle measurements in the field.
On-Road Vehicle Measurement of Tire Wear Particle Emissions and Approach for Emission Prediction
An instrumented measurement vehicle was developed to quantify tire wear particle emissions under real-world on-road conditions, identifying key driving parameters such as speed, load, and cornering that govern emission rates. The study supports the development of emission factors and regulatory standards for non-exhaust tire-derived microplastic pollution.
Influence of Vertical Load, Inflation Pressure, and Driving Speed on the Emission of Tire–Road Particulate Matter and Its Size Distribution
Experiments quantified tire-road wear particle emissions as a function of vertical load, tire inflation pressure, and vehicle speed, finding that heavier electric vehicles generate more tire wear microplastics due to their greater mass.
Development of a parametrized and regionalized life cycle inventory model for tire and road wear particles
Researchers developed a detailed model for estimating tire and road wear particle emissions, a major but often overlooked source of microplastics from vehicle traffic. The model accounts for nine key factors including road texture, driving behavior, temperature, and tire type, and can generate estimates at both individual vehicle and national scales. The study found that road surface roughness, aggressive driving, and wet conditions are the biggest drivers of large particle emissions, while temperature and vehicle load most affect fine particle release.
Pilot analysis of tire tread characteristics and associated tire-wear particles in vehicles produced across distinct time periods
Researchers characterized tire tread properties and tire-wear particle emissions from three vehicles manufactured between 2011 and 2021, finding that particle emissions — dominated by ultrafine particles — depend heavily on tread temperature during driving rather than tire age, and that calcium, magnesium, and zinc are abundant chemical components in both treads and emitted particles.
Micro and Nano Pollutants from Tires and Car Brakes Generated in Winter Season in the Poznan City Urban Environment
Tire and brake pad wear from vehicles releases rubber particles and metal-oxide pollutants at the micro and nanoscale into the urban environment, with snow deposits in Poznan, Poland found to contain rubber residues smaller than 2 micrometers. These non-exhaust traffic emissions represent a significant and often overlooked pathway for microplastic and metal pollution in cities, with implications for urban air, soil, and water quality.
Realistic evaluation of tire wear particle emissions and their driving factors on different road types
This study measured tire wear particle (TWP) emissions under realistic driving conditions on different road types and identified the key driving factors affecting emission rates. Tire wear particles are a major category of microplastic pollution in road runoff, and this data is needed to estimate their contribution to environmental contamination.
The Effect of Tire Age and Anti-Lock Braking System on the Coefficient of Friction and Braking Distance
This paper is not relevant to microplastics; it is a technical automotive study examining how ABS braking systems and tire age affect friction coefficients and stopping distances on different road surfaces.
Characteristics of pollutants emitted by motor vehicles and their impact on the environment and engine operation
This review examines the pollutants emitted by motor vehicles, including both gaseous emissions and solid particles that contribute to environmental contamination. Researchers described how engine combustion and tire wear generate fine particles, including microplastics from tire rubber, that are dispersed into the surrounding air, soil, and water. The study highlights that vehicle-related pollution extends beyond exhaust gases to include significant microplastic contributions from tire and brake wear.
Investigation of physical and chemical properties of particulate matter caused by vehicle tire wear
Researchers characterized the physical and chemical properties of submicron tire wear particles generated from vehicle use on roadways. Using advanced analytical techniques, they identified the elemental composition and morphological structure of these particles, finding notable concentrations of metals and heavy metals. The study highlights that tire wear particles are a significant source of microplastic and chemical pollution with potential implications for human health and the environment.
Comparison of Methods for Sampling Particulate Emissions from Tires under Different Test Environments
Researchers compared different methods for sampling tire wear particle emissions under various test conditions, finding significant methodological differences that affect measurement outcomes and highlighting the need for standardized approaches as non-exhaust emissions become an increasing share of total vehicle pollution.
Assessing regional emissions of vehicle-based tire wear particle from macro-to micro/nano-scales with pandemic lockdowns and electromobility scenarios implications
Researchers developed a data-driven probabilistic model to estimate regional tire wear particle emissions across different land use scenarios, incorporating vehicle fleet data, driving patterns, and emission factors. Modeling suggested that tire wear particles represent a substantial and underappreciated pathway for microplastic entry into the atmosphere, with implications for both human health and environmental policy.
Challenges in Quantifying Tire Wear Particle Emissions on an Outer Drum Test Bed
Researchers worked to develop reliable methods for measuring tire wear particle emissions on an outer drum test bed, a key challenge since tire wear is a major source of microplastics. They found that a degumming method using talcum powder increased wear rates to realistic levels but complicated particle measurements, requiring new techniques to distinguish tire particles from the powder. The study highlights the technical difficulties involved in accurately quantifying tire wear emissions for environmental assessment.
Characteristics of Real-world Non-exhaust Particulates from Vehicles
Researchers analyzed non-exhaust particulate emissions from vehicles by collecting tire and atmospheric PM samples, using pyrolysis-GC/MS and ICP/MS to identify polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and heavy metals as markers, and found that tire and road wear particles contribute substantially to atmospheric particulate matter with toxicological implications.
Occurrence of tire-derived microplastics (TMPs) focusing on driving behavior
Researchers analyzed tire-derived microplastics (tiny rubber particles shed from vehicle tires) on roadways and found their abundance increased with traffic volume and was further boosted by hard braking — with aggressive braking increasing particle counts by about 28%. These tire particles are a major source of microplastic contamination entering waterways from roads.