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Investigation of physical and chemical properties of particulate matter caused by vehicle tire wear
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Researchers characterized the physical and chemical properties of submicron tire wear particles generated from vehicle use on roadways. Using advanced analytical techniques, they identified the elemental composition and morphological structure of these particles, finding notable concentrations of metals and heavy metals. The study highlights that tire wear particles are a significant source of microplastic and chemical pollution with potential implications for human health and the environment.
Today, due to the increasing use of vehicles, toxic particle emissions released from vehicle tires significantly affect the health and environment of living things. This study was designed to explain the physical and chemical properties of submicron tire wear particles (TWPs) sources from vehicle use. For this purpose, elemental composition and morphological structure analyses of TWPs were performed using scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive spectrometry, Fourier transform infrared, and X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD). The mass weights of the metal and heavy metal elements in the particle structure were also determined. The analyses indicated that 17 elements were present in the elemental structure of the tire particles. Among these elements, toxic heavy metals were detected. The XRD analyses showed that different morphological formations of microplastics and carbon black were found extensively in the TWP chemical structure. In addition, a great amount of ZnO was concentrated in the tire structure, and other oxidized and mineralogical forms were detected. According to the World Health Organization reports, these toxic substances can be caused by acid rain, greenhouse effect, ozone layer depletion, eutrophication, biodegradation, etc., causes many negative environmental effects. In connection with these undesirable effects, it causes many health problems such as the loss of health of the living respiratory, digestive and cardiovascular systems. Because heterogeneous TWPs are an important source of microplastics and toxic compounds in the environment, more research is needed to assess the risks to soil, air, water, and to plant, animal, and human health.
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Researchers conducted laboratory tests to characterize the size distribution of tire and road wear particles under various conditions. The study found that factors such as driving speed, tire composition, and road surface characteristics significantly influence the size and quantity of wear particles released, which are a growing source of microplastic pollution.
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Every time your car's tires grip the road, they shed tiny plastic particles that become part of the air pollution you breathe, and this can account for more air pollution than what comes out of your tailpipe. This review paper looks at the scientific methods used to detect these tire particles in air pollution and finds that there's currently no reliable single test for them, meaning scientists still need better tools to figure out exactly how much of the air we breathe contains this tire-derived microplastic pollution and its associated chemicals. This matters because until we can accurately measure it, it's hard to fully assess the health risks these particles and their leaching chemicals may pose.
Analytical Investigation of Tire Induced Particle Emissions
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This automotive engineering study measured the size distribution of fine dust particles (under 10 micrometers) generated by tire wear, finding that tire-derived particles represent a significant non-exhaust source of urban particulate matter. As electric vehicle adoption reduces exhaust emissions, tire and brake wear particles will become a proportionally larger component of urban air pollution. These tire wear particles are also a major source of microplastic contamination in road runoff.
Environmental occurrence, fate, impact, and potential solution of tire microplastics: Similarities and differences with tire wear particles
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This review examines tire microplastics, one of the most abundant types of microplastics in the environment, which come from tire wear on roads, recycled tire rubber, and tire repair dust. These particles carry a complex mix of chemicals including heavy metals and organic pollutants that can harm aquatic and soil organisms. Since tire microplastics end up in waterways and soil near roads, they represent a significant but often overlooked source of human microplastic exposure.
Environmental risks of car tire microplastic particles and other road runoff pollutants
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Researchers conducted the first comprehensive environmental risk assessment of tire wear microplastic particles and their associated chemical pollutants in European road runoff. They found that tire wear particles and several related chemicals pose measurable risks to organisms in surface water and sediment. The study suggests that tire wear is a significant but often overlooked source of microplastic pollution with real consequences for aquatic ecosystems.
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