We can't find the internet
Attempting to reconnect
Something went wrong!
Hang in there while we get back on track
Analytical Investigation of Tire Induced Particle Emissions
AI summary Read the abstract
This automotive engineering study measured the size distribution of fine dust particles (under 10 micrometers) generated by tire wear, finding that tire-derived particles represent a significant non-exhaust source of urban particulate matter. As electric vehicle adoption reduces exhaust emissions, tire and brake wear particles will become a proportionally larger component of urban air pollution. These tire wear particles are also a major source of microplastic contamination in road runoff.
Research and/or Engineering Question/Objective: The fine dust contribution (<10µm) of motor vehicles represents a considerable health risk for people in urban areas. Due to an increasing percentage of electric vehicles, exhaust emissions are steadily reduced. Consequently, particles from non-exhaust sources (brake, tire and road ware) are considered to be the future main vehicle related pollutant. While regenerative braking, tungsten carbide coatings and filter devices can effectively reduce brake wear emissions, there is currently no methodology available in order to reduce tire wear particles, road abrasion and resuspension. In addition, the tire is one of the main sources of environmental microplastic pollution. Although there are initial approaches to determine the emission characteristics of tire and road ware particles, there is a lack of basic understanding of the underlying physical processes. Methodology: The particle flow around the vehicle wheelhouse is dominated by highly dynamic vortex structures. The numerical flow simulation (CFD) is a well suited tool for the investigation of these processes and allows a detailed analysis of the particle-flow interaction. Within this paper, a CFD flow model of a vehicle wheelhouse is presented, which analytically describes the underlying physical effects of particle dispersion by the vehicle tire. The CFD model was applied in order to define a suitable measurement strategy for the measurement of TRW particles based on a measurement vehicle. Results: In order to develop a CFD Modell for tire-induced particle emissions, comprehensive analysis of mesh generation, geometric influencing factors and turbulence models was conducted. An essential element of the presented model is the modelling of the wheel rotation, tire-road contact and tire-profile related effects. In addition, particle models were adapted according to the physical properties of tire and road wear particles. In a second step, the CFD methodology was applied in order to design a constant volume sampling system (CVS) which ensures a maximum sampling and transport efficiency for TRW particles. Limitations of this study: In general, numerical simulation requires strong simplification of the physical problem and can cover aspects of the flow and particle behavior only partially. Thus, more experiments are necessary to fully validate the CFD model. What does the paper offer that is new in the field in comparison to other works of the author: The paper offers a new CFD-based tire and road wear model including flow processes in proximity to the tire-road interface, in order to describe tire induced particle emissions. Conclusion: Within this paper a novel CFD-based methodology is presented whereby special emphasis was placed towards the modelling of tire-induced particle emissions. This model was applied in order to design a constant volume sampling system that ensures a maximum sampling as well as transport efficiency for TRW particle measurement. KEYWORDS - Tire and Road Wear Particles (TRW), Particle Resuspension, Non-Exhaust-Emissions, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), Constant Volume Sampling System (CVS)
More Papers Like This
Real-World Emission Dynamics of Tire and Road Wear Particles: Impacts of Micro-Driving Behaviors and Roadway Characteristics
AI summary Read the abstract
Tiny bits of rubber and road material fly off your tires every time you brake, turn, or speed up, and this study found that certain driving habits and road designs create more of this pollution than others. As electric vehicles (which are heavier) become more common, this tire dust could become a bigger source of breathable particle pollution than car exhaust, making smarter road design and driving habits matter more for air quality.
Tire Wear and Pollutants: An Overview of Research
AI summary Read the abstract
This review provides an overview of tire road and wear particles as a major source of microplastic emissions, examining both experimental and mathematical approaches to measuring tire wear. The study notes that while tire wear particles are found in alarming amounts across various environments, they remain less studied than other microplastics, and calls for more accurate simulation models to predict tire wear emissions.
Characteristics of Vehicle Tire and Road Wear Particles’ Size Distribution and Influencing Factors Examined via Laboratory Test
AI summary Read the abstract
Researchers conducted laboratory tests to characterize the size distribution of tire and road wear particles under various conditions. The study found that factors such as driving speed, tire composition, and road surface characteristics significantly influence the size and quantity of wear particles released, which are a growing source of microplastic pollution.
Characterization of airborne tire particle emissions under realistic conditions on the chassis dynamometer, on the test track, and on the road
AI summary Read the abstract
Researchers developed a new tire and road wear particle (TRWP) sampling system and characterized airborne emissions under real-world conditions on a chassis dynamometer, test track, and public road. Emissions showed a bimodal size distribution with dominant modes at ~10 nm and 270 nm, with SEM/EDS revealing two particle formation mechanisms and confirming tire rubber as a major source of ultrafine airborne particles.
Investigation of physical and chemical properties of particulate matter caused by vehicle tire wear
AI summary Read the abstract
Researchers characterized the physical and chemical properties of submicron tire wear particles generated from vehicle use on roadways. Using advanced analytical techniques, they identified the elemental composition and morphological structure of these particles, finding notable concentrations of metals and heavy metals. The study highlights that tire wear particles are a significant source of microplastic and chemical pollution with potential implications for human health and the environment.
Research digests by email
When a large batch of papers lands in the Atlas, we read through it and send a short write-up of what stood out.