Papers

61,005 results
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Article Tier 2

Advances in aquatic toxicology for predicting effects of multiple pollutants on aquatic organisms

This review examines advances in aquatic toxicology for predicting how mixtures of contaminants — heavy metals, pesticides, pharmaceuticals, and microplastics — interact in aquatic organisms, highlighting computational modeling and mixture toxicity approaches as key tools for environmental risk assessment.

2025 International Journal of Aquatic Research and Environmental Studies
Article Tier 2

Mixed Contaminants: Occurrence, Interactions, Toxicity, Detection, and Remediation

This review examines how mixed environmental contaminants, including microplastics, heavy metals, pesticides, and pharmaceuticals, interact when present together in the environment. The study highlights that pollutant mixtures can produce synergistic toxic effects that are greater than the sum of individual pollutants, making combined contamination a more complex risk than single-pollutant assessments suggest.

2022 Molecules 67 citations
Article Tier 2

Bioaccumulation of Different Organic Micropollutants in Fishes and its Toxicological and Stress Impacts: A Review

This review covers how organic micropollutants including pesticides, pharmaceutical compounds, and industrial chemicals bioaccumulate in fish and examines their toxicological effects on fish physiology, immune function, and reproductive health.

2023 International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 3 citations
Article Tier 2

Ecotoxicology of microplastics in water ecosystems and aquatic organisms: A review of synergistic and antagonistic effects of microplastics on other xenobiotics

This review examines the ecotoxicological effects of microplastics in aquatic ecosystems, focusing on how they interact with other pollutants like heavy metals, organic contaminants, and pathogens. The study highlights that microplastics can adsorb and transport these pollutants through synergistic or antagonistic interactions, leading to oxidative stress, endocrine disruption, and reproductive impairment in exposed organisms, with potential for biomagnification up the food chain.

2025 Marine Pollution Bulletin 1 citations
Article Tier 2

Impact of Heavy Metals and Pesticide Contamination on Aquatic Environment and Fish Health: Challenges and Bioremediation Strategies

This review examines the impact of heavy metals and pesticide contamination on aquatic environments and fish health, with attention to how microplastics interact with these traditional pollutants. The authors discuss how pollution from industrialization affects fish physiology and disrupts ecosystem balance. The study highlights bioremediation approaches as sustainable strategies for addressing contaminated aquatic environments.

2026 Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Article Tier 2

Toxic effects of polystyrene microplastics on atrazine in zebrafish: Exogenous toxicity and endogenous mechanism

Researchers found that combining polystyrene microplastics with the common herbicide atrazine was more toxic to zebrafish than either pollutant alone, causing greater liver and gut damage. The combination also degraded water quality by reducing oxygen levels and increasing harmful nitrogen compounds. This is important because microplastics and pesticides frequently co-exist in the environment, meaning their combined effects on aquatic life and food safety may be worse than studies of individual pollutants suggest.

2025 Environmental Pollution 6 citations
Article Tier 2

Interactive effects of micro/nanoplastics and nanomaterials/pharmaceuticals: Their ecotoxicological consequences in the aquatic systems

Researchers reviewed how micro- and nanoplastics interact with co-occurring nanomaterials and pharmaceuticals in aquatic environments, finding that plastics act as vectors that can either amplify or attenuate the bioavailability and toxicity of these contaminants depending on species, trophic level, and environmental conditions.

2021 Aquatic Toxicology 61 citations
Article Tier 2

Impact of Heavy Metals and Pesticide Contamination on Aquatic Environment and Fish Health: Challenges and Bioremediation Strategies

This review examines the impact of heavy metals and pesticide contamination on aquatic environments and fish health, including the role of microplastics as co-contaminants. The authors discuss how industrialization has increased pollutant levels in water systems, affecting fish physiology and ecosystem balance. The study highlights bioremediation strategies as promising approaches for cleaning up contaminated aquatic environments.

2026 Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Article Tier 2

Water Quality and Fish Health: Interaction with Toxic Substances

This review examines how various toxic substances in water, including microplastics, affect fish health through physiological, behavioral, and biochemical pathways. Researchers summarized evidence that pollutants can accumulate in fish tissues and impair their immune systems, reproduction, and organ function. The study emphasizes that declining water quality from emerging contaminants poses growing risks to aquatic ecosystems and the species that depend on them.

2024 3 citations
Article Tier 2

Microplastic interactions with co-existing pollutants in water environments: Synergistic or antagonistic roles on their removal through current remediation technologies

This review examines how microplastics interact with other pollutants like heavy metals, pesticides, and pharmaceuticals in water, often making each contaminant harder to remove during treatment. The interactions between microplastics and co-existing pollutants can produce unpredictable combined toxic effects that are worse than either pollutant alone. Understanding these interactions is important because real-world water contamination involves mixtures, not single pollutants, and current treatment methods may not adequately address these combinations.

2025 Journal of Environmental Management 8 citations
Article Tier 2

Impact of Pollution and Toxic Stress on Fish Health: Mechanisms, Consequences, and Mitigation Strategies

This review examined the many ways pollution and toxic substances harm fish health, including through disrupted metabolism, hormonal imbalances, weakened immune systems, and reproductive problems. The study highlights that pollutants enter fish through water, food, and sediment, and discusses mitigation strategies for protecting fish populations and the broader aquatic ecosystems they support.

2024 UTTAR PRADESH JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY 6 citations
Article Tier 2

Ekotoksičnost mikroplastike i prioritetnih onečišćivala u vodi

This review covers the ecotoxicity of microplastics and priority pollutants in water, summarizing experimental evidence for toxicity endpoints including mortality, reproduction, growth, and behavioral effects across aquatic organisms. The authors note that combined exposure to microplastics and co-contaminants often produces greater toxicity than individual exposures, highlighting the importance of mixture effects.

2024 Repository of Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology University of Zagreb
Article Tier 2

Multi‐Biomarkers' Responses in Gills of Oreochromis niloticus Exposed to Glyphosate and Polyethylene Microplastic, Isolated and in Mixture

Researchers exposed tilapia fish to polyethylene microplastics and the herbicide glyphosate, both alone and in combination, and examined gill tissue for signs of damage. They found that the mixture of both contaminants caused more severe oxidative stress and tissue damage than either pollutant alone. The study suggests that microplastics and agricultural chemicals may interact in waterways to amplify harmful effects on fish health.

2024 Environmental Toxicology 5 citations
Article Tier 2

Toxicological implications of emerging pollutants on aquatic organisms

Researchers reviewed how a broad range of emerging pollutants — including microplastics, pharmaceuticals, pesticides, and heavy metals — harm aquatic organisms like fish, amphibians, and molluscs. Evidence shows these pollutants trigger oxidative stress, disrupt hormones, impair reproduction, and reduce biodiversity, with the review calling for stronger regulations, better wastewater treatment, and more research on the combined effects of multiple pollutants.

2026 Discover Environment
Article Tier 2

Sub-lethal Effects of Anthropogenic Contaminants on Aquatic Invertebrates

This review examined how a wide range of anthropogenic contaminants — including microplastics, pharmaceuticals, and pesticides — cause sub-lethal effects on aquatic invertebrates such as reduced growth, reproduction, and altered behavior. The study emphasizes that mixture exposures, common in real environments, can be more harmful than individual contaminants alone.

2018 KTH Publication Database DiVA (KTH Royal Institute of Technology)
Article Tier 2

Review and Prospects on the Ecotoxicity of Mixtures of Nanoparticles and Hybrid Nanomaterials

This review examines the toxic effects of nanoparticle mixtures on a wide range of organisms, from algae and bacteria to fish and plants. Researchers found that combined exposure to multiple nanoparticles often produces different effects than exposure to individual particles, making toxicity predictions challenging. The study highlights the need for better methods to assess real-world risks from simultaneous exposure to multiple engineered nanomaterials in the environment.

2022 Environmental Science & Technology 100 citations
Article Tier 2

Effect of emerging pollutants on the gut microbiota of freshwater animals: Focusing on microplastics and pesticides

This review examines how microplastics and pesticides, two pollutants commonly found together in freshwater, each disrupt the gut bacteria of fish and other aquatic animals, and their combined presence can make the effects worse. Changes in gut bacteria caused by these pollutants can impair metabolism, immunity, and overall health of aquatic organisms, with potential consequences for the food chain.

2024 The Science of The Total Environment 46 citations
Article Tier 2

Toxicological interactions of microplastics/nanoplastics and environmental contaminants: Current knowledge and future perspectives

This review examines how the combined presence of micro- and nanoplastics with other environmental contaminants like heavy metals, pesticides, and pharmaceuticals affects toxicity. Researchers found that plastic particles can alter the bioavailability and toxic effects of co-occurring pollutants, sometimes increasing harm to organisms, which complicates environmental risk assessment.

2020 Journal of Hazardous Materials 501 citations
Article Tier 2

Negative Effects of Butachlor on the Growth and Physiology of Four Aquatic Plants

Researchers investigated the effects of the herbicide butachlor on four aquatic plant species, assessing growth and physiological responses to identify superior ecological restoration strategies for farm ponds affected by herbicide runoff from agricultural land.

2024 Plants 1 citations
Article Tier 2

Impact of Pesticide Toxicity in Aquatic Environment

This review examines the toxic effects of pesticides on aquatic environments, focusing on how agricultural runoff introduces harmful chemicals into waterways. Researchers found that pesticide contamination affects fish, invertebrates, and aquatic plants through bioaccumulation and disruption of biological processes. The study emphasizes the need for more sustainable agricultural practices and improved water quality monitoring to protect aquatic ecosystems from pesticide pollution.

2020 Biointerface Research in Applied Chemistry 121 citations
Article Tier 2

Karışım Herbisitlerin (Halauxifen methyl+Pyroxsulam+Cloquintocet asit) In Vivo Toksisitesi: Zebra Balığı Embriyo ve Larva Modeli

This Turkish study tested the toxicity of a mixed herbicide formulation on zebrafish embryos and larvae. While focused on pesticide safety rather than microplastics, zebrafish are widely used to assess how environmental chemical mixtures affect early development.

2023 Iğdır Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi 1 citations
Meta Analysis Tier 1

Effects of microplastics on the toxicity of co-existing pollutants to fish: A meta-analysis

Meta-analysis of 1,380 biological endpoints from 55 studies found that microplastics in co-existing pollutant solutions significantly increased toxicity to fish beyond what the pollutants caused alone, particularly elevating immune system damage, metabolic disruption, and oxidative stress. The effect depended on fish life stage and microplastic size, but not on pollutant or polymer type.

2023 Water Research 81 citations
Article Tier 2

Microplastics in Aquatic Environments and Their Toxicological Implications for Fish

This review summarizes research on microplastic occurrence in freshwater and marine environments and the toxicological risks they pose to fish, examining both direct physical effects and the role of plastics as vectors for chemical pollutants. The authors highlight that freshwater fish are particularly vulnerable given the high loads of microplastics in rivers receiving wastewater.

2016 InTech eBooks 61 citations
Article Tier 2

Toxicity of methylmercury in aquatic organisms and interaction with environmental factors and coexisting pollutants: A review

This review examines how methylmercury, a toxic form of mercury found in fish, interacts with environmental factors including microplastics in aquatic ecosystems. The findings show that microplastics can alter how mercury accumulates in aquatic organisms, potentially changing the level of mercury contamination in seafood that people eat.

2024 The Science of The Total Environment 47 citations