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Bioaccumulation of Different Organic Micropollutants in Fishes and its Toxicological and Stress Impacts: A Review
Summary
This review covers how organic micropollutants including pesticides, pharmaceutical compounds, and industrial chemicals bioaccumulate in fish and examines their toxicological effects on fish physiology, immune function, and reproductive health.
Abstract: In the past three decades biological and chemical pollutants have become a serious environmental issue posing major threat to the society, industries and public sectors. Toxic contaminants are produced in most household, agricultural and industrial activities. In the past few years different advanced electrochemical oxidation technologies and low-carbon technologies are being used widely for preventing environmental pollution and remediation of the micropollutants particularly in waterbodies. In these technologies powerful oxidizing agents like hydroxyl radicals are formed electrochemically which degrade organic micropollutants till their mineralization. Fish serves as an effective bioindicator of aquatic health due to their higher trophic position in aquatic food chain and high sensitivity to pollutants. As fishes are consumed by humans globally as a major source of protein, it is also used to indicate the impact of aquatic pollution on human health. In this review we discuss the impact of micropollutants on the fish physiology and the advanced wastewater management techniques used for rapid removal of these pollutants from aquatic ecosystem. Here we discuss both advantages and disadvantages of different commonly used wastewater management techniques which would be beneficial to determine which technology would best suit one’s specific requirements without causing much harm to the environment, a step towards green and sustainable future.
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