We can't find the internet
Attempting to reconnect
Something went wrong!
Hang in there while we get back on track
Papers
61,005 resultsShowing papers similar to Influence of Functional Group Modification on the Toxicity of Nanoplastics
ClearRole of nanoparticle surface charge in their toxicity
This study examined how surface charge (carboxyl vs. amino functionalization) affects the toxicity of polystyrene nanoparticles formed during plastic degradation, noting that nanoparticle toxicity can differ substantially from bulk material. Results highlighted that surface chemistry is a critical determinant of nanoparticle behavior in biological environments.
Hazard assessment of nanoplastics is driven by their surface-functionalization. Effects in human-derived primary endothelial cells
Researchers tested three types of polystyrene nanoplastics with different surface coatings on human blood vessel cells and found that the surface chemistry dramatically affected their toxicity. Positively charged nanoplastics were the most harmful, killing cells, while all types caused DNA damage and oxidative stress. This study shows that as plastics break down in the environment and their surface properties change, their potential to harm the cardiovascular system may change in unpredictable ways.
Functionalized nanoplastics alter physiology and toxin production in Alexandrium pacificum through surface charge effects
Researchers tested how surface-modified nanoplastics affect the harmful algae species Alexandrium pacificum, which produces paralytic shellfish toxins. They found that amino-modified nanoplastics had greater bioavailability to the algae and altered the composition of toxins produced, while all nanoplastic types impaired photosynthesis and triggered oxidative stress. The study suggests that nanoplastic surface chemistry plays a critical role in determining how these particles interact with and affect marine microorganisms.
Health impacts of micro- and nanoplastics: key influencing factors, limitations, and future perspectives
This review systematically analyzed how the physicochemical properties of micro- and nanoplastics — including size, shape, surface charge, and polymer type — determine their toxicological impacts across biological systems. The authors argue that property-based frameworks are essential for predicting MNP health risks and designing relevant research.
Effects of polystyrene nanoplastics on lead toxicity in dandelion seedlings
Researchers investigated how different types of functionalized polystyrene nanoplastics affect lead toxicity in dandelion seedlings. The results showed that the surface chemistry of nanoplastics matters: carboxy-modified particles with negative surface charges enhanced lead toxicity, while amino-modified particles with positive charges reduced it, highlighting the complex interactions between nanoplastics and heavy metal contaminants in plants.
Recent advances in toxicological research of nanoplastics in the environment: A review
Researchers systematically reviewed nanoplastic toxicology, finding that surface charge and particle size are the dominant determinants of harm — positively charged and smaller particles penetrate cell membranes more readily — and that adsorbed contaminants released inside organisms often pose greater toxicological risks than the nanoplastic particles themselves.
Toxic effects of microplastics in plants depend more by their surface functional groups than just accumulation contents
Researchers studied how differently charged microplastics affect lettuce plants grown in water, finding that all types caused growth problems, root damage, and oxidative stress. Microplastics were able to penetrate roots and travel to above-ground plant parts through the water transport system. Importantly, the study found that the type of chemical groups on the microplastic surface mattered more for toxicity than the total amount of plastic accumulated in the plant.
Distinct Responses of Biofilm Carbon Metabolism to Nanoplastics with Different Surface Modifications
Researchers found that nanoplastics with different surface modifications (non-functionalized, carboxylated, and carbon-source-modified) produced distinct responses in freshwater biofilm carbon metabolism, highlighting the importance of surface chemistry in nanoplastic toxicity.
Effect of functional groups of polystyrene nanoplastics on the neurodevelopmental toxicity of acrylamide in the early life stage of zebrafish
This zebrafish study found that nanoplastics with different surface coatings altered the neurodevelopmental toxicity of acrylamide, a common food contaminant formed during cooking. Positively charged nanoplastics worsened brain development problems by increasing acrylamide absorption, while negatively charged ones had a partially protective effect. The findings show that the surface chemistry of nanoplastics matters greatly for how they interact with other environmental contaminants to affect brain development.
Nanoplastics Affect the Bioaccumulation and Gut Toxicity of Emerging Perfluoroalkyl Acid Alternatives to Aquatic Insects (Chironomus kiinensis): Importance of Plastic Surface Charge
This study found that nanoplastics changed how a toxic industrial chemical called F-53B accumulated in aquatic insect larvae and made its harmful effects worse. Positively charged nanoplastics were especially dangerous because they carried more of the chemical into the insects' guts, increasing oxidative stress and inflammation. The findings suggest that nanoplastics in the environment can act as carriers that increase the toxicity of other pollutants, potentially amplifying risks throughout the food chain.
Distinct lipid membrane interaction and uptake of differentially charged nanoplastics in bacteria
Researchers studied how nanoplastics with different surface charges interact with bacterial cell membranes, finding that positively charged particles penetrate bacteria far more effectively than neutral or negatively charged ones. The positively charged nanoplastics caused more cellular stress by generating reactive oxygen species and damaged cell structures differently depending on the bacterial type. These findings are important for understanding how nanoplastics may affect both environmental bacteria and the human microbiome.
Are all nanoplastics equally neurotoxic? Influence of size and surface functionalization on the toxicity of polystyrene nanoplastics in human neuronal cells
Researchers tested four types of polystyrene nanoplastics on human neuronal cells and found that toxicity varied dramatically depending on particle surface chemistry. Particles with amine surface groups were the most harmful, significantly reducing cell survival and causing visible damage to cell structures, while unmodified particles showed minimal toxicity, suggesting that surface properties matter as much as size when assessing nanoplastic risks.
What Is on the Outside Matters—Surface Charge and Dissolve Organic Matter Association Affect the Toxicity and Physiological Mode of Action of Polystyrene Nanoplastics toC. elegans
Researchers investigated how surface charge and organic matter coatings affect the toxicity of polystyrene nanoplastics to the nematode C. elegans. Positively charged nanoplastics were over 60 times more toxic than negatively charged ones, and organic matter coatings reduced toxicity across all particle types. The findings suggest that surface chemistry plays a critical role in nanoplastic toxicity and should be considered when assessing environmental risks.
In vitro study on the toxicity of nanoplastics with different charges to murine splenic lymphocytes
Researchers tested how nanoplastics with different surface charges affect immune cells from mouse spleens. They found that positively charged nanoplastics were significantly more toxic, causing greater cell death, more oxidative stress, and stronger inflammatory responses than negatively charged particles. The study suggests that the surface chemistry of nanoplastics plays a critical role in determining their impact on the immune system.
Differentially Charged Nanoplastics Induce Distinct Effects on the Growth and Gut of Benthic Insects (Chironomus kiinensis) via Charge-Specific Accumulation and Perturbation of the Gut Microbiota
Researchers exposed aquatic insect larvae to positively and negatively charged nanoplastics and found that the surface charge significantly affected how toxic the particles were. Positively charged nanoplastics caused more severe gut damage, greater accumulation in tissues, and bigger disruptions to gut bacteria. This matters because nanoplastics in the real environment carry various charges, and the findings suggest that charge is an important factor in determining health risks.
Influence of nanoplastic surface charge on eco-corona formation, aggregation and toxicity to freshwater zooplankton
Researchers examined how surface charge and natural organic matter influence the stability and toxicity of polystyrene nanoplastics to freshwater zooplankton. They found that positively charged nanoplastics were significantly more toxic than negatively charged ones, and that natural organic matter formed an eco-corona on the particles that reduced their toxicity. The study highlights that both particle surface properties and environmental conditions play critical roles in determining nanoplastic impacts on aquatic organisms.
The effects of functional groups on the sorption of naphthalene on microplastics
This study compared how naphthalene and its functional group derivatives (hydroxyl, amino, and nitro) sorb onto different microplastic types, finding that functional groups substantially alter sorption affinity in ways that depend on both the plastic type and the chemical modification.
Key mechanisms of micro- and nanoplastic (MNP) toxicity across taxonomic groups
This review examines the key ways micro- and nanoplastics cause biological harm across different types of organisms, from bacteria to humans. Researchers identified several common toxicity mechanisms including cell membrane damage, reactive oxygen species generation, DNA damage, and disruption of cellular structures like lysosomes and mitochondria. The study found that toxicity depends heavily on particle size, surface characteristics, and polymer type, and that human cell studies provide especially valuable insights into potential health risks.
Materials, surfaces, and interfacial phenomena in nanoplastics toxicology research
This review examines how the materials and surface properties of engineered nanoplastics used in toxicology research may not accurately represent real environmental nanoplastics. Researchers found that surfactants, fluorescent labels, and surface modifications commonly applied to lab-made nanoparticles can alter their toxicological profiles in unpredictable ways. The study calls for greater attention to how particle surface chemistry and preparation methods influence experimental outcomes in nanoplastics safety research.
Microplastics and nanoplastics: Size, surface and dispersant – What causes the effect?
Researchers reviewed how the size, surface properties, and dispersants of micro- and nanoplastic particles influence their toxic effects. They found that smaller particles and certain surface modifications can significantly alter toxicity, and that dispersants used in laboratory studies may introduce confounding effects. The study emphasizes the need for standardized testing protocols that account for these variables to accurately assess plastic particle risks to human health.
Unraveling the toxicity mechanisms of nanoplastics with various surface modifications on Skeletonema costatum: Cellular and molecular perspectives
Researchers examined how nanoplastics with different surface coatings affect a common marine microalga at both the cellular and molecular level. They found that surface modifications significantly influenced the toxicity of the particles, with some coatings causing greater damage to cell membranes and photosynthesis. The study highlights that the chemical surface properties of nanoplastics, not just their size, play a key role in determining their environmental impact.
Comparative Analysis of the Toxicity of Micro‐ and Nanoplastics along with Nanoparticles on the Ecosystem
This comparative review analyzes the toxicity of micro- and nanoplastics across biological systems, examining how particle size, shape, surface chemistry, and polymer type influence toxic potency. The authors synthesize findings from in vitro, in vivo, and ecological studies to support comparative risk assessment.
Retention and Transport of Nanoplastics with Different Surface Functionalities in a Sand Filtration System
This study tested how well sand filtration removes nanoplastics with different surface chemistries — a key question since nanoplastics are increasingly detected in drinking water sources. Surface charge strongly influenced whether nanoplastics were retained or passed through the filter, with negatively charged particles being harder to remove.
Effect of salinity and humic acid on the aggregation and toxicity of polystyrene nanoplastics with different functional groups and charges
Researchers showed that surface charge governs nanoplastic behavior in water — higher salinity caused negatively charged nanoplastics to aggregate while positively charged particles remained stable — and that humic acid (dissolved organic matter) alleviated toxicity to Daphnia, increasing survival from 15% to nearly 100% in some cases.