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61,005 resultsShowing papers similar to Surface topography of nanoplastics modulates their internalization and toxicity in liver cells
ClearExploring the impact of nanoplastics on human hepatic cells: dynamics of internalization and harmful effects in HuH-7 cells
Researchers investigated how nanoplastics are internalized by human liver cancer cells (HuH-7) and assessed the cellular damage that follows, characterizing the dynamics of particle uptake and the resulting cytotoxic effects relevant to hepatic health.
Effects of polystyrene micro/nanoplastics on liver cells based on particle size, surface functionalization, concentration and exposure period
Researchers systematically studied the effects of polystyrene micro- and nanoplastics on human liver cells, varying particle size, surface chemistry, concentration, and exposure duration. They found that smaller particles were internalized more readily and that surface functionalization significantly influenced toxicity, with aminated particles causing the most cell damage. The study suggests that particle characteristics beyond just size play an important role in determining how micro- and nanoplastics affect human cells.
The effects of concentration, duration of exposure, size and surface function of polymethyl methacrylate micro/nanoplastics on human liver cells
Researchers tested the effects of polymethyl methacrylate micro- and nanoplastics on human liver cells, varying the particle concentration, exposure duration, size, and surface chemistry. They found that smaller particles and those with specific surface modifications caused greater cellular damage, including reduced viability and increased oxidative stress. The study suggests that the physical and chemical properties of microplastics play a critical role in determining their potential toxicity to human tissues.
The size-dependent effects of nanoplastics in mouse primary hepatocytes from cells to molecules
Researchers studied how different sizes of nanoplastics affect mouse liver cells, finding that particle size significantly influences toxicity. Larger nanoplastics were more harmful at low doses, while smaller particles caused greater damage at high doses by more effectively penetrating cells and disrupting enzyme function. The study suggests that nanoplastic size is a critical factor in determining potential liver health risks.
How surface properties of pristine and environmentally exposed microplastics determine particle-cell-interactions
Researchers examined how surface properties of pristine versus environmentally exposed microplastic particles determine their interactions with cells, including attachment and internalization. The study found that physicochemical properties such as surface charge, functional groups, and eco-corona coatings are critical determinants of particle-cell interactions, underscoring the need for thorough particle characterization in cytotoxicity studies.
Nanoplastic Toxicity: Insights and Challenges from Experimental Model Systems
This review summarizes what researchers have learned about nanoplastic toxicity from studies in cell cultures, aquatic organisms, and terrestrial animals. Evidence indicates that nanoplastics can be internalized by cells through various mechanisms and their toxicity depends on factors like particle size, surface modifications, and concentration. The study identifies key knowledge gaps and recommends more systematic research to better understand the health risks these particles may pose to humans.
Comparative evaluation of molecular mechanisms triggered by differently functionalized polystyrene nanoplastics in human colon cell lines
Researchers compared molecular and cellular mechanisms triggered by differently surface-functionalized micro- and nanoplastics in human intestinal and liver cells, finding that surface chemistry strongly determines biological effects. Functionalized particles elicited distinct patterns of oxidative stress, inflammation, and membrane damage compared to unfunctionalized particles.
Uptake and Effects of Micro‐, Submicro‐ and Nanoplastics Investigated on in vitro Models of the Intestinal Barrier and the Liver
Researchers investigated the uptake and toxic effects of micro-, submicro-, and nanoplastics using in vitro models of the intestinal barrier and liver to assess how plastic particles of different sizes interact with gastrointestinal and hepatic cells. The study examined cellular internalization, barrier integrity, and metabolic responses to characterize size-dependent toxicity mechanisms.
Structural parameters of nanoparticles affecting their toxicity for biomedical applications: a review
Researchers reviewed how the physical and chemical properties of nanoparticles — including size, shape, surface charge, and material type — influence their toxicity in living cells and tissues, with relevance to both medical applications and environmental exposures like nanoplastics. Smaller particles are generally more toxic because they have greater surface area and can more easily penetrate cell membranes and trigger oxidative stress.
A digestive system microphysiological platform for assessment of internal-exposure risks and metabolic disease mechanisms induced by multi-size nano-plastics.
Researchers developed a digestive system organ-on-a-chip microphysiological platform to assess how nanoplastics (NPs) are absorbed, metabolized, and cause internal exposure risks. The system revealed size-dependent toxic effects of NPs on liver cells and lipid metabolism, providing mechanistic insights into NP-associated liver disease risk.
Nanoplastic ShapeEffects on Lipid Bilayer Permeabilization
Researchers investigated how nanoplastic shape affects lipid bilayer permeabilisation, demonstrating that morphologically diverse environmental nanoplastics interact with cell membranes in ways that differ substantially from the uniform polystyrene nanospheres typically used in laboratory studies.
Polymer Microparticles with Defined Surface Chemistry and Topography Mediate the Formation of Stem Cell Aggregates and Cardiomyocyte Function.
This study developed methods for surface-functionalizing biodegradable poly(lactic acid) microparticles with different chemistries and topographies to investigate how these properties affect stem cell behavior and heart muscle cell function. While focused on biomedical applications rather than environmental microplastics, the findings add to understanding of how plastic particle surface properties influence biological responses.
Lipid Corona Formation on Micro- and Nanoplastic Particles Modulates Uptake and Toxicity in A549 Cells
Researchers found that lipid corona formation on micro- and nanoplastic particles significantly modulates their cellular uptake and toxicity in human lung cells, suggesting that biological coatings alter how plastic particles interact with human tissues.
[Exposure Pathways of Polystyrene Nanoplastics Mediate Their Cellular Distribution and Toxicity].
This study found that the route by which polystyrene nanoplastics enter the body determines which liver cell types accumulate the particles and what toxic effects occur, demonstrating that exposure pathway—not just dose—shapes nanoplastic toxicity in hepatic tissue.
Cytotoxic effects of polystyrene nanoplastics with different surface functionalization on human HepG2 cells
Researchers exposed human liver (HepG2) cells to 50 nm polystyrene nanoparticles with three different surface chemistries and found that amino-functionalized particles caused the greatest cytotoxicity and oxidative stress, demonstrating that surface charge and chemistry — not just particle size — determine nanoplastic harm to human cells.
Recent advances in toxicological research of nanoplastics in the environment: A review
Researchers systematically reviewed nanoplastic toxicology, finding that surface charge and particle size are the dominant determinants of harm — positively charged and smaller particles penetrate cell membranes more readily — and that adsorbed contaminants released inside organisms often pose greater toxicological risks than the nanoplastic particles themselves.
Statistical Curvature Change Analysis of Random-Shape Polyethylene Microplastics and their Toxicity from a Physical Perspective
This study examined how the physical shape of polyethylene microplastics affects their toxicity to cells in laboratory experiments. Irregularly shaped fragments caused more cellular damage than smooth spheres, suggesting that the jagged surfaces of environmentally weathered microplastics may be particularly hazardous.
Health impacts of micro- and nanoplastics: key influencing factors, limitations, and future perspectives
This review systematically analyzed how the physicochemical properties of micro- and nanoplastics — including size, shape, surface charge, and polymer type — determine their toxicological impacts across biological systems. The authors argue that property-based frameworks are essential for predicting MNP health risks and designing relevant research.
Materials, surfaces, and interfacial phenomena in nanoplastics toxicology research
This review examines how the materials and surface properties of engineered nanoplastics used in toxicology research may not accurately represent real environmental nanoplastics. Researchers found that surfactants, fluorescent labels, and surface modifications commonly applied to lab-made nanoparticles can alter their toxicological profiles in unpredictable ways. The study calls for greater attention to how particle surface chemistry and preparation methods influence experimental outcomes in nanoplastics safety research.
Bioaccumulation of differently-sized polystyrene nanoplastics by human lung and intestine cells
Researchers examined how human lung and intestine cells take up polystyrene nanoplastics of different sizes, finding that smaller particles were internalized in greater numbers but at lower total mass compared to larger ones. When compared on a surface area basis, the uptake rates were similar across sizes, suggesting that surface interactions with cell membranes play a key role. The findings indicate that particle size is an important factor to consider when evaluating the health risks of nanoplastic exposure.
Are all nanoplastics equally neurotoxic? Influence of size and surface functionalization on the toxicity of polystyrene nanoplastics in human neuronal cells
Researchers tested four types of polystyrene nanoplastics on human neuronal cells and found that toxicity varied dramatically depending on particle surface chemistry. Particles with amine surface groups were the most harmful, significantly reducing cell survival and causing visible damage to cell structures, while unmodified particles showed minimal toxicity, suggesting that surface properties matter as much as size when assessing nanoplastic risks.
Surface functionalisation-dependent adverse effects of metal nanoparticles and nanoplastics in zebrafish embryos
Researchers used high-throughput zebrafish embryo imaging to show that surface functionalization determines the toxicity of metal nanoparticles and nanoplastics, with surface charge and coating chemistry more predictive of hatching failure and malformation rates than particle composition alone.
Nanoplastics Toxicity Specific to Liver in Inducing Metabolic Dysfunction—A Comprehensive Review
This review examines how nanoplastics, particles smaller than 100 nanometers, accumulate in and damage the liver. Researchers found that nanoplastics enter the body through the respiratory and digestive systems, reach the liver via the bloodstream, and can disrupt the gut-liver axis and gut microbiome. The evidence suggests that liver damage from nanoplastics may trigger cascading effects on other organs, highlighting the need for further research on these less visible pollutants.
Comparative evaluation of molecular mechanisms triggered by differently functionalized polystyrene nanoplastics in human colon cell lines
Researchers compared molecular mechanisms triggered by differently functionalized micro- and nanoplastics in human cells, assessing how surface chemistry affects cellular responses. Surface functionalization significantly altered the toxicity profile of particles, with some coatings increasing and others decreasing inflammatory and oxidative responses.