Papers

61,005 results
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Article Tier 2

Synthesis of 14C-labelled polystyrene nanoplastics for environmental studies

Researchers developed a one-step polymerization method to synthesize radiocarbon (14C)-labelled polystyrene nanoplastics, enabling tracking of these particles in complex biological and environmental matrices where conventional analytical methods fail. The method produced sulfonate end-capped nanoparticles of various sizes that could be quantified with high accuracy, providing a valuable tool for studying nanoplastic behavior in living organisms and simulated environments.

2020 Communications Materials 63 citations
Article Tier 2

Harnessing PET to track micro- and nanoplastics in vivo

This study explores the use of positron emission tomography (PET) imaging to track micro- and nanoplastic particles in living organisms. Researchers developed methods to radiolabel plastic particles, enabling accurate determination of how these pollutants move through the body, which is critical for understanding the health effects of chronic microplastic exposure.

2021 Scientific Reports 58 citations
Article Tier 2

From the synthesis of labeled nanoplastic model materials (isotopic and metallic) to their use in ecotoxicological studies with the detection and quantification analytical methods.

Researchers synthesized isotopically and metallically labeled nanoplastic model materials to enable tracking and quantification of plastic nanoparticles in complex biological and environmental matrices at trace concentrations. The labeled models supported mechanistic studies of nanoplastic fate and exposure by allowing detection at environmentally relevant concentrations not achievable with conventional unlabeled particles.

2024 Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Article Tier 2

Fluorescent plastic nanoparticles to track their interaction and fate in physiological environments

This study developed fluorescently labeled plastic nanoparticles made from PET, polypropylene, and polystyrene that can be tracked in biological environments to study how nanoplastics are taken up and processed by living organisms. Having trackable model nanoplastics is an important tool for understanding how these particles move through tissues and food chains.

2020 Environmental Science Nano 38 citations
Article Tier 2

Synthesis of Micro 14 C‐Labeled Polylactide for Environmental Assessment Analysis

Researchers developed the first synthesis of 14C-radiolabelled polylactide (PLA) using ring-opening polymerisation of labelled lactide derived from a biocompatible precursor, enabling radiotracking of PLA degradation and microplastic formation in environmental matrices. The method addresses the inadequacy of conventional analytical techniques for quantifying PLA breakdown in complex environments, providing a tool for assessing the environmental fate of this widely used biodegradable polymer.

2025 Chemistry - Methods
Article Tier 2

Radiolabeling of Micro-/Nanoplastics via In-Diffusion

Researchers developed a radiolabeling method for micro- and nanoplastics by introducing a 64Cu radiotracer into common plastics including polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, and others via an in-diffusion technique. The approach provides a sensitive and selective detection strategy for tracking plastic particles in complex ecological media, addressing a key challenge in environmental impact research.

2023 Nanomaterials 5 citations
Article Tier 2

13C-labeled nanoplastic model materials: Synthesis and evaluation of their use in ecotoxicology through bioaccumulation studies in aquatic crustaceans

Researchers developed carbon-13 labeled nanoplastic particles as a new tool for accurately tracking and measuring nanoplastics in living organisms. By combining stable isotope labeling with mass spectrometry, they could detect nanoplastics in complex biological samples like brine shrimp without the extensive sample preparation that current methods require. The approach provides a more reliable way to study how nanoplastics accumulate in aquatic food chains.

2025 Journal of Hazardous Materials 2 citations
Article Tier 2

From the synthesis of labeled nanoplastic model materials (isotopic and metallic) to their use in ecotoxicological studies with the detection and quantification analytical methods.

This study developed labeled nanoplastic model materials using isotopic and metallic tracers to enable tracking and quantification of nanoplastics in complex biological and environmental matrices at environmentally relevant concentrations. Labeled particles allowed localization and measurement of nanoplastics at levels not detectable by conventional methods, advancing mechanistic exposure studies.

2024 Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Article Tier 2

Iodine-131 radiolabeled polyvinylchloride: A potential radiotracer for micro and nanoplastics bioaccumulation and biodistribution study in organisms

Researchers developed a method to radiolabel polyvinyl chloride with iodine-131 for use as a radiotracer to study microplastic bioaccumulation and biodistribution in organisms. The study demonstrated successful preparation of radiolabeled PVC particles, offering a highly sensitive nuclear technique for tracking the fate of micro- and nanoplastics in biological systems.

2023 Marine Pollution Bulletin 22 citations
Article Tier 2

3C-labeled nanoplastic model materials: Synthesis and evaluation of potential uses for experimental works through bioaccumulation test studies in aquatic crustaceans

Researchers synthesized carbon-13 labeled nanoplastic model materials and validated their use for studying bioaccumulation in freshwater crustaceans using isotope ratio mass spectrometry. The labeled nanoplastics enabled precise quantification of uptake and depuration without interference from background environmental plastic, providing a new tool for nanoplastic toxicokinetic studies.

2025
Article Tier 2

Labeling of PET and PP nanoplastic test materials with non-leachable π-conjugated fluorescent polymers

Researchers produced fluorescently labeled PET and PP nanoplastic particles using co-precipitation with a conjugated polymer dye, achieving over 85% dye internalization and submicron particle sizes, and demonstrated their use for measuring cell uptake while overcoming dosimetry challenges posed by buoyant particles.

2026
Article Tier 2

Absorption, distribution, and elimination of [14C] polyethylene terephthalate nanoplastics in lactating sheep upon oral administration

Researchers tracked radiolabeled PET nanoplastics in lactating sheep after a single oral dose to understand how they are absorbed, distributed, and eliminated. They found that the vast majority (approximately 99 percent by 72 hours) was excreted through feces, with only trace amounts detected in plasma, milk, and tissues. The study suggests that dietary PET nanoplastics are largely passed through the digestive system rather than accumulating in body tissues, though low-level absorption into the bloodstream does occur.

2025 The Science of The Total Environment 1 citations
Article Tier 2

Control of Nanoparticle Size of Intrinsically Fluorescent PET (Polyethylene Terephthalate) Particles Produced Through Nanoprecipitation

Researchers developed a method to create fluorescent PET (polyethylene terephthalate) nanoparticles of controlled size for use as traceable nanoplastic models in laboratory studies. These standardized particles allow scientists to better track and study how nanoplastics behave in cells and biological systems, addressing a key gap in our understanding of nanoplastic exposure risks.

2025 Molecules 3 citations
Article Tier 2

Quantification of poly(ethylene terephthalate) micro- and nanoparticle contaminants in marine sediments and other environmental matrices

Researchers developed and validated a method to quantify PET (polyethylene terephthalate) micro- and nanoparticles in marine sediments and other environmental matrices using chemical digestion and fluorescence detection. This polymer-specific quantification approach addresses a gap in methods for tracking one of the world's most widely used plastics in the environment.

2019 Journal of Hazardous Materials 65 citations
Article Tier 2

Noncovalent radiolabeling of microplastics using a desferrioxamine-conjugated Nile Red derivative for quantitative in vivo tracking

Researchers developed a new method for tracking microplastics in living organisms using a specialized dye that attaches to plastic surfaces without altering their properties, enabling both fluorescence imaging and radioactive labeling. The technique allowed quantitative tracking of microplastic movement through the gastrointestinal tract of mice using PET imaging, providing a tool for better understanding how microplastics behave in the body.

2026 Analytica Chimica Acta
Article Tier 2

Development and Application of Nanoparticle-Nanopolymer Composite Spheres for the Study of Environmental Processes

This study developed labeled synthetic nanoplastic particles with built-in chemical, isotopic, or fluorescent tracers to allow precise tracking of plastic particle fate and behavior in complex environmental and biological samples. These standardized tracer particles address a key bottleneck in microplastic research by enabling more sensitive and selective detection in real-world matrices.

2021 Frontiers in Toxicology 15 citations
Article Tier 2

Synthesis of Micro 14C-Labeled Polylactide forEnvironmental Assessment Analysis

Researchers developed a novel synthesis route for carbon-14-labelled polylactide (PLA) microplastics using a biocompatible zinc bisguanidine catalyst to produce 14C-lactide from 14C-lactic acid, enabling radio-tracking of PLA degradation in environmental matrices with greater safety than conventional tin-based catalysts.

2025 JuSER Publikationsportal
Article Tier 2

PET Tracing of Biodistribution for Orally Administered 64Cu-Labeled Polystyrene in Mice

Researchers used PET imaging to track the real-time biodistribution of orally administered radiolabeled polystyrene microplastics in mice. The study found that microplastics were absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and distributed to various organs, providing direct visual evidence of how ingested plastic particles can travel through the body.

2021 Journal of Nuclear Medicine 81 citations
Article Tier 2

Assessing the effects of luminescently labelled and non-labelled PET nanoparticles on environmental bacteria

Researchers created fluorescently labeled PET nanoparticles to study how tiny plastic fragments from everyday products affect bacteria in the environment. They found that PET nanoparticles adhered to bacterial cells, altered their ability to use different carbon sources, and affected biofilm formation. The study demonstrates a new visualization technique for tracking nanoplastics in biological samples and reveals that even nanoscale plastic particles can influence microbial behavior.

2025 Chemosphere 2 citations
Article Tier 2

Autofluorescence of Model Polyethylene Terephthalate Nanoplastics for Cell Interaction Studies

Researchers produced model PET nanoplastics through mechanical fragmentation and characterized their autofluorescence properties, enabling label-free tracking of nanoplastic interactions with biological systems without the artifacts introduced by fluorescent dyes.

2022 Nanomaterials 36 citations
Article Tier 2

New fluorescence labeling isotactic polypropylenes as a tracer: a proof of concept

Researchers developed fluorescence-labeled isotactic polypropylene tracer materials as a proof of concept for detecting polypropylene-derived microplastic pollutants in organic tissues, enabling tracking of PP-sourced particles in biological samples.

2022 Polymer Chemistry 9 citations
Article Tier 2

Technetium-99m labelled amine-functionalized polystyrene microplastics: An innovative approach for environmental and biological studies

Researchers radiolabelled amino-functionalized polystyrene microplastics with technetium-99m, achieving 96% labelling efficiency and strong in vitro stability in aquatic media, providing a sensitive radiotracer platform for precisely tracking microplastic distribution in environmental and biological systems.

2026 Applied Radiation and Isotopes
Article Tier 2

Labelling of micro- and nanoplastics for environmental studies: state-of-the-art and future challenges

Researchers reviewed labelling techniques used to track micro- and nanoplastics in environmental studies, categorizing them into fluorescent, metal, stable isotope, and radioisotope methods. The study found that fluorescent labelling works well for tracking microplastics while metal labelling is more sensitive for nanoplastics research, though a major challenge remains in developing techniques that do not alter the inherent properties of the plastic particles being studied.

2023 Journal of Hazardous Materials 30 citations
Article Tier 2

Generating Tagged Micro‐ and Nanoparticles of Poly(ethylene furanoate) and Poly(ethylene terephthalate) as Reference Materials

Researchers developed methods for generating fluorescently tagged micro- and nanoparticles of poly(ethylene furanoate) (PEF) and poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) as reference materials for environmental and biological detection studies. The tagged particles were designed to overcome the detection limit challenges posed by these emerging polymers in environmental samples and tissues, particularly for PEF, which is not yet commercially exploited at scale.

2025 Macromolecular Rapid Communications