Papers

61,005 results
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Article Tier 2

Microplastics: Their effects on the environment, human health, and plant ecosystems

Researchers reviewed how microplastics enter the human body through ingestion, inhalation, and skin contact, potentially causing cell damage, hormone disruption, and cardiovascular harm, while also degrading soil quality and stunting plant growth. The review urges urgent action given how thoroughly these particles have infiltrated both human health and agricultural systems.

2024 Environmental Pollution and Management 39 citations
Article Tier 2

Microplastic Pollution: A Growing Threat to the Environment and Human Health

Researchers reviewed how microplastics have spread throughout the environment and the human body, finding them in food, water, air, and vital organs including the brain. Beyond physical harm, the chemicals in plastics can disrupt hormones, impair reproduction, and raise cancer risk — problems worsened by pandemic-era disposable mask waste.

2025 Journal of Chemical Biological and Physical Sciences
Review Tier 2

A review on microplastics and nanoplastics in the environment: Their occurrence, exposure routes, toxic studies, and potential effects on human health

This review summarizes what is known about how microplastics and nanoplastics enter the human body through food, air, and skin contact, and what they do once inside. Studies on cells and animals show these tiny particles can cause oxidative stress, DNA damage, inflammation, and harm to the immune, digestive, reproductive, and nervous systems. The research makes clear that microplastics are not just an environmental problem but a direct concern for human health.

2022 Marine Pollution Bulletin 379 citations
Review Tier 2

Potential Health Impact of Microplastics: A Review of Environmental Distribution, Human Exposure, and Toxic Effects

This review summarizes existing research on how microplastics are found throughout the environment and in human samples, entering the body through food, air, and skin contact. Lab studies in cells and animals show microplastics can cause oxidative stress, DNA damage, immune reactions, brain toxicity, and reproductive harm, and early human health data links microplastic exposure to several chronic diseases.

2023 Environment & Health 519 citations
Review Tier 2

Micro- and Nanoplastics in the Environment: Current State of Research, Sources of Origin, Health Risks, and Regulations—A Comprehensive Review

This review summarizes the current state of research on micro- and nanoplastics found in air, water, and soil worldwide. These tiny plastic particles pose significant threats to human health including oxidative stress, inflammation, cellular damage, and possible cancer-causing effects, and the authors call for stronger regulations and more research into how they harm the body.

2025 Toxics 24 citations
Systematic Review Tier 1

Microplastics And Nanoplastics: Environmental Sources, Human Exposure Pathways, And Potential Health Impacts

This systematic review maps out the many ways microplastics and nanoplastics enter the human body, including through food, water, air, and everyday products. The researchers found these tiny particles are now present in nearly every environment, from oceans to our homes. The review highlights growing concerns about what this constant low-level exposure might mean for our long-term health.

2024 Revista Electronica de Veterinaria
Article Tier 2

Environmental Fate and Ecological Risk of Micro- and Nanoplastics across Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecosystems

Scientists reviewed existing research on tiny plastic particles (microplastics and nanoplastics) and found they're spreading throughout soil, rivers, and oceans, where animals eat them and pass them up the food chain. These plastic particles cause stress and health problems in wildlife, but researchers still don't fully understand the long-term effects or how much exposure is dangerous. This matters because these same plastic particles can end up in our food and water, but we need better research methods to understand the real risks to human health.

2026 Journal of Advances in Biology & Biotechnology
Article Tier 2

Microplastics and Nanoplastics as Environmental Contaminants of Emerging Concern: Potential Hazards for Human Health

This review covers how microplastics and nanoplastics enter humans through food, air, and skin contact, accumulating in the body over time. Inhaled particles can damage the lungs from the upper airways down to the deepest air sacs, and prolonged exposure has been linked to chronic inflammation, autoimmune disease, atherosclerosis, and cancer. The authors call for source reduction, material substitution, and better filtration to reduce exposure.

2024 Sustainability 27 citations
Article Tier 2

Micro and Nanoplastics on Human Health and Diseases: Perspectives and Recent Advances

This review covers how micro- and nanoplastic particles enter the human body through ingestion, inhalation, infusion, and skin absorption, distribute to virtually all tissues and organs via the circulatory system, and cause health impacts including inflammatory responses, cellular damage, and endocrine disruption.

2025 Preprints.org
Article Tier 2

Micro- and Nanoplastics on Human Health and Diseases: Perspectives and Recent Advances

This review provides a comprehensive overview of how micro- and nanoplastics enter the human body through ingestion, inhalation, and skin absorption, and how they can then travel through the bloodstream to reach virtually every organ. Researchers summarize evidence that these particles can trigger inflammation, oxidative stress, and disruption of hormonal and immune functions. The study emphasizes that the ability of these particles to cross biological barriers and accumulate in tissues makes understanding their long-term health effects an urgent research priority.

2025 Microplastics 3 citations
Systematic Review Tier 1

A Systematic Review on the Impact of Micro-Nanoplastics Exposure on Human Health and Diseases

This systematic review summarizes existing research on how micro and nanoplastic exposure affects human health and may contribute to disease. The evidence suggests that these tiny particles can enter the body through food, water, air, and even cosmetics, potentially causing inflammation, oxidative stress, and disruptions to the immune and reproductive systems.

2022 Biointerface Research in Applied Chemistry 18 citations
Article Tier 2

Microplastics: Notes on Recycling, Waste, and Environmental Prevalence.

This review discusses the sources, environmental prevalence, and health risks of microplastics, noting that about 40% of single-use plastics end up in land and waterways where they degrade into micro- and nano-sized particles. The paper highlights mechanisms by which microplastics enter living organisms and their potential links to cell injury, hormone disruption, and cardiovascular disease.

2025 International Journal of Scientific Research and Management (IJSRM)
Article Tier 2

Micro and nano-plastics, a threat to human health?

This review examines the threat micro- and nanoplastics pose to human health, discussing how these persistent particles accumulate in organs including lungs, the gastrointestinal system, and blood, and how their chemical composition and size influence toxicity.

2022 PubMed 38 citations
Article Tier 2

Microplastics: Environmental Ubiquity, Biological Fate, and Human Health Implications

This review summarizes the current understanding of microplastics as a growing global contaminant affecting both ecosystems and human health. Researchers note that microplastics can carry harmful compounds and have been found throughout the environment and in the human body, while global regulatory frameworks remain insufficient. The study calls for enhanced monitoring, stricter regulations, and source-reduction strategies to address the long-term risks of microplastic exposure.

2025 International Journal of Sciences and Innovation Engineering 1 citations
Article Tier 2

Micro(nano)plastics sources, fate, and effects: What we know after ten years of research

Researchers summarized a decade of advances in micro- and nanoplastic (MnP) research, documenting how these particles have been found in every environment on Earth — including air, snow, soil, and human tissue — and in thousands of species, with confirmed harmful effects. The review highlights major breakthroughs in detection methods while noting that the full scope of health impacts, especially at the nano scale, is still being uncovered.

2022 Journal of Hazardous Materials Advances 239 citations
Article Tier 2

Multiple Effects, Pathways, and Potential Health Risks from Environmental Microplastic Exposure

This review synthesizes nearly two decades of research on the multiple pathways through which environmental microplastics affect human and ecological health, including chemical toxicity, physical impacts, and potential roles as carriers of pathogens and contaminants.

2025 Toxics
Article Tier 2

Microplastic Pollution in Aquatic Ecosystems: Environmental Behaviour, Biological Impacts, and Public Health Implications- A Comprehensive Review

This review paper summarizes existing research showing that tiny plastic particles called microplastics are now found throughout our water systems and food chain, including in seafood and drinking water that people consume. The research shows these particles can cause inflammation and disrupt hormones in the body, but scientists still need better methods to study long-term health effects. Understanding microplastic pollution is important because it affects the safety of our food and water supply.

2026 UTTAR PRADESH JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY
Article Tier 2

The Effects of Microplastic and Nano Plastic Particles on the Environment and the Human Body

This paper reviews the current evidence on the effects of microplastic and nanoplastic particles on both the environment and human health, noting that the topic has been underexplored partly due to scientific complexity and the influence of large industrial interests.

2024 The Journal of School and University Medicine
Article Tier 2

A Comprehensive Review on Environmental Migration, Physicochemical Transformations, and Exposure-Related Health Risks of Microplastics

This review of over 200 studies found that tiny plastic particles smaller than 5mm are now everywhere in our environment—from ocean water to soil to the air we breathe. These microplastics can carry harmful chemicals and may cause health problems like hormone disruption and chronic diseases when we eat contaminated fish and other foods. The researchers say people may be consuming millions of these plastic particles every week, mainly through seafood, which highlights the need for better waste management and plastic alternatives.

2026 Preprints.org
Article Tier 2

Micro- and Nanosized Plastic: An Alarming Threat to One’s Health

This review examines the health hazards of micro- and nanoplastic exposure to humans and animals, covering the formation, distribution, and toxicological effects of particles generated through biotic and abiotic degradation of the approximately 12.7 million tons of plastic released annually into the environment. The authors highlight inhalation, ingestion, and dermal contact as key exposure routes and summarize evidence for cytotoxicity, inflammation, and endocrine disruption.

2024 ACS symposium series
Article Tier 2

Microplastic pollution: Critical analysis of global hotspots and their impact on health and ecosystems

This review identifies global microplastic hotspots and examines how these tiny particles enter the human food chain through contaminated meat, dairy, seafood, and plant-based products. Once inside the body, microplastics can cause inflammation, hormonal disruption, oxidative stress, and potentially contribute to cancer and organ damage over time.

2025 Journal of Environmental Management 12 citations
Article Tier 2

Nanoplastics in the Environment: Sources, Fate, Toxicity, Challenges and Mitigation Strategies

This review covers the formation, environmental fate, and health risks of nanoplastics, emphasizing their capacity to penetrate biological barriers and cause oxidative stress, inflammation, DNA damage, and endocrine disruption, alongside current strategies for mitigation.

2025 Asian Journal of Environment & Ecology
Article Tier 2

Impacts of micro and nanoplastics on human health

This review summarizes existing research on how tiny plastic particles enter the human body through food and air, then accumulate and potentially harm the digestive, immune, hormonal, brain, and respiratory systems. The authors also note that microplastics may cause chromosomal abnormalities, highlighting the need for better waste management to reduce human exposure.

2024 Bulletin of the National Research Centre/Bulletin of the National Research Center 40 citations
Article Tier 2

Biological Effects of Microplastics: A Review.

Researchers reviewed how microplastics harm a wide range of living things, finding they cause physical damage, inflammation, oxidative stress, and reproductive problems in aquatic animals, while also carrying toxic chemicals and dangerous bacteria into organisms. Major gaps remain in understanding the effects of long-term low-dose exposure and the risks posed by even tinier nanoplastics.

2025 Mağallaẗ ʻulūm al-rāfidayn