Papers

61,005 results
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Article Tier 2

Identification, removal of microplastics and surfactants from laundry wastewater using electrocoagulation method

Laundry wastewater from a 2 kg synthetic fabric load released up to 114,300 microfibers per wash, and an electrocoagulation treatment removed roughly 98% of those fibers along with surfactants and organic load in about 25 minutes at a cost of US$0.53 per cubic meter. The results highlight both how significant laundry is as a microplastic source and that electrocoagulation is a cost-effective option for treating it before wastewater reaches natural waterways.

2023 Water Emerging Contaminants & Nanoplastics 13 citations
Article Tier 2

Removal of Microfiber from Laundry Wastewater Using the Electrocoagulation Method

Researchers investigated microfiber release from laundry wastewater and found a reference load of 2.5 L of synthetic textiles released approximately 92,700-114,300 synthetic microfibers. Electrocoagulation treatment at neutral pH, 25-minute operating time, and 300 A/m² current density achieved 97.9% microfiber removal efficiency at a treatment cost of US$0.53/m³.

2025 Lex localis - Journal of Local Self-Government
Article Tier 2

Advanced Treatment of Laundry Wastewater by Electro-Hybrid Ozonation–Coagulation Process: Surfactant and Microplastic Removal and Mechanism

Researchers found that an electro-hybrid ozonation-coagulation process achieved over 90% removal of both surfactants and microplastics from laundry wastewater under optimized conditions, with hydroxyl radical generation identified as the key mechanism driving contaminant breakdown.

2022 Water 37 citations
Article Tier 2

A Taguchi-Based Optimization of Ultrasound-Assisted Electrocoagulation Use of Aluminum Electrodes for Laundry Wastewater Treatment

Researchers used a Taguchi L9 orthogonal array experimental design to optimise sono-electrocoagulation (SEC) with aluminium electrodes for treating laundry wastewater containing surfactants and microfibers, identifying optimal operating parameters for efficient removal.

2025 Al-Kimia
Article Tier 2

Removal of microplastics by electrocoagulation

Researchers investigated electrocoagulation (EC) as a microplastic removal method using a fractional factorial design to evaluate electrode type, contact time, agitation speed, and current density, finding that an aluminum anode at 20 A/m2 and 70 rpm achieved 98.04% microplastic removal within 15 minutes with high model accuracy (R2 = 0.99).

2024 Archives of Environmental Protection 1 citations
Article Tier 2

Electro-coagulation technique using iron [Fe] and aluminium [Al] for microplastics removal from fashion industry wastewater, Thailand

Laboratory tests showed that electrocoagulation — running electrical current through iron and aluminum electrodes — can remove microplastics from textile industry wastewater in Thailand with high efficiency. Because conventional wastewater treatment plants were not designed to capture particles as small as microplastics, electrochemical methods like this represent a promising upgrade to reduce the millions of microplastic particles released daily from textile factories.

2024 Economics and Environment 2 citations
Article Tier 2

Removal of Microplastics/Microfibers and Detergents from Laundry Wastewater by Microbubble Flotation

Researchers developed a microbubble flotation system that removes over 98% of microplastics and 95% of detergent surfactants from laundry wastewater. The study successfully scaled the approach from bench-level to a pilot-scale column over 5 meters tall, demonstrating a practical, cost-effective solution for treating one of the largest sources of microplastic pollution entering waterways.

2024 ACS ES&T Water 29 citations
Article Tier 2

Removal of microplastics from wastewater through electrocoagulation-electroflotation and membrane filtration processes

Researchers investigated electrocoagulation-electroflotation and membrane filtration for removing microplastics from wastewater, finding that combining these processes effectively recovers microplastic particles from treatment plant effluent.

2021 Water Science & Technology 149 citations
Article Tier 2

Effect of Fe and Al based coagulants and disinfectants on polyethylene microplastics removal in coagulation process through response surface methodology

Researchers optimized polyethylene microplastic (PEMP) removal from drinking water using response surface methodology (RSM) with Box-Behnken Design, testing pH, PEMP size, coagulant dosage, and polyacrylamide dosage as independent variables. Comparing ferric chloride and poly aluminum chloride as coagulants, they identified optimal conditions for maximizing PEMP removal efficiency, providing guidance for improving microplastic removal at drinking water treatment plants.

2022 Water Science & Technology 15 citations
Article Tier 2

Electrocoagulation with aluminum electrodes for sago industry wastewater: Process optimization and performance evaluation through response surface methodology

This paper is not primarily about microplastics — it evaluates electrocoagulation as a wastewater treatment method for sago (tapioca starch) industry effluent, optimizing conditions to achieve strong removal of organic load, suspended solids, and nutrients.

2026 Environmental Progress & Sustainable Energy
Article Tier 2

Model analysis of electroflotation water treatment of wastewater containing microplastics

This study developed a mathematical model describing how electroflotation can remove microplastics from wastewater, identifying key factors affecting efficiency. Better process models help optimize treatment systems for removing plastic particles before they enter waterways.

2023 Journal of Civil Engineering and Environmental Sciences
Article Tier 2

Researchon the removal of chemical oxygen demand and surfactants in commercial laundry wastewater by coagulation-flocculation process

Researchers investigated coagulation-flocculation treatment of commercial laundry wastewater, which contains significantly higher chemical oxygen demand (COD) and surfactant concentrations than domestic wastewater. Jar test experiments showed that poly aluminium chloride (PAC) at pH 7 and 60 mg/L dosage outperformed FeSO4·7H2O in reducing COD and surfactants to discharge standards.

2025 Ministry of Science and Technology Vietnam
Article Tier 2

Optimizing microplastic treatment in the effluent of biological nutrient removal processes using electrocoagulation: Taguchi experimental design

Researchers optimized an electrocoagulation process using aluminum electrodes to remove microplastics from biological wastewater treatment plant effluent. Using Taguchi experimental design, they identified the most important process variables affecting removal efficiency, including current density and treatment time. The study demonstrates that electrocoagulation can be an effective supplementary treatment step for reducing microplastic discharge from wastewater facilities.

2024 Journal of Environmental Management 19 citations
Article Tier 2

Optimization of polypropylene microplastics removal using conventional coagulants in drinking water treatment plants via response surface methodology

Researchers optimized coagulation of polypropylene microplastics from drinking water using polyaluminium chloride as coagulant and response surface methodology to identify optimal conditions. The maximum predicted removal rate under optimal conditions (pH 9, 200 ppm PACl, 21 ppm polyacrylamide) was approximately 19.7% for the smallest microplastic size tested, indicating that conventional coagulation alone has limited effectiveness for polypropylene microplastics.

2022 Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering 19 citations
Article Tier 2

Electrocoagulation for Remediation of Microplastics

This chapter provides a technical analysis of electrocoagulation (EC) as a method for microplastic remediation, covering the underlying mechanisms, electrochemical reactions, and key operational parameters such as current density, pH, and electrolyte concentration. The authors review both the environmental benefits and practical trade-offs of EC relative to other removal technologies.

2024 Microplastics
Article Tier 2

Electrocoagulation Applied to Domestic Wastewater Treatment: Statistical Optimization and Validation in Different Real Matrices

Researchers optimized electrocoagulation parameters for domestic wastewater treatment using a statistical design-of-experiments approach, identifying a current density of 85 A/m² and pH 5.5 as optimal conditions that achieved up to 78.2% COD removal at an estimated operational cost of US$1.23 per cubic meter, supporting its use in decentralized and isolated community settings.

2026 Preprints.org
Article Tier 2

Efektivitas Ferrofluid dalam Penurunan Parameter Limbah Laundri

Researchers tested ferrofluid — a suspension of magnetic nanoparticles — for removing microplastics and other pollutants from laundry wastewater, achieving a 66% reduction in microplastic concentration, 70% reduction in suspended solids, and 50% reduction in dissolved solids, though surfactant removal was only 10%. These results suggest ferrofluid is a promising but partial treatment for the high microplastic loads in laundry wastewater discharge.

2023 Jurnal Serambi Engineering
Article Tier 2

Development and Efficiency Evaluation of Microplastic Removal Filter for Laundry Machines

Researchers developed a four-stage filter for laundry machines designed to capture microplastics released during washing. Over 50 tests, the filter achieved an average microplastic removal rate of 98.5%, along with 92% removal of chemical oxygen demand. The most common microplastics in laundry wastewater were polyethylene (57%), followed by PET and nylon, highlighting both the scale of laundry-related microplastic pollution and the effectiveness of filtration solutions.

2025 Water 5 citations
Article Tier 2

Nanoplastics removal from spiked laundry wastewater using electro-peroxidation process

Researchers tested an electro-peroxidation process for removing nanoplastics from laundry wastewater and found it achieved complete removal in as little as 40 minutes. The naturally occurring chloride ions in laundry water actually accelerated the breakdown of nanoplastics during treatment. The study demonstrates a promising and efficient method for addressing nanoplastic pollution from one of its most common household sources.

2023 Chemosphere 19 citations
Article Tier 2

Analysis of the presence of surfactante in the removal of microplastics by electrocoagulation

This study examined how the presence of surfactants in wastewater affects the removal of microplastics by electrocoagulation treatment. Understanding how co-pollutants interact is crucial for designing more effective wastewater treatment systems.

2023 LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas)
Article Tier 2

Optimizing Laundry Wastewater Treatment: A Hybrid Approach Using Poly-Aluminum Chloride Coagulation and Activated Carbon Adsorption

Researchers investigated a hybrid treatment system combining poly-aluminum chloride (PAC) coagulation and activated carbon adsorption to remove Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and phosphate from laundry wastewater. The study optimized PAC dosage (10% and 15%) and stirring time (0-45 minutes), demonstrating that the integrated approach significantly improves removal efficiency compared to single-treatment methods.

2025 International Journal of Marine Engineering Innovation and Research
Article Tier 2

Electrocoagulation Assessment to Remove Micropolystyrene Particles in Wastewater

Researchers evaluated the use of electrocoagulation for removing micropolystyrene particles from synthetic wastewater, testing variables like electrode material, current density, and particle size. They found that the process was effective at removing microplastics, with aluminum electrodes and higher current densities achieving the best results. The study supports electrocoagulation as a viable treatment technology for reducing microplastic loads in wastewater.

2024 ACS ES&T Water 18 citations
Article Tier 2

Remediation technology of microfibers from washing machine effuents

Researchers developed a treatment method combining Fenton oxidation and electro-sorption to remove polyester microfibers from washing machine wastewater. Washing synthetic clothing is a major source of microplastic fiber pollution, and effective wastewater treatment at the machine level could significantly reduce this pathway into aquatic environments.

2023
Review Tier 2

Electrocoagulation in Wastewater Treatment: A Comprehensive Review of Heavy Metal and Pollutant Removal

This comprehensive review evaluates electrocoagulation as a wastewater treatment method for removing heavy metals and other pollutants, including microplastics. Researchers found that electrocoagulation is a versatile and effective technique compared to conventional methods like membrane filtration or chemical coagulation. The study highlights its advantages in terms of environmental compatibility and cost-effectiveness, while noting that optimization of operating parameters is still needed for different wastewater types.

2024 Asian Journal of Chemical Sciences 2 citations