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Papers
61,005 resultsShowing papers similar to Effects of the Myokine Irisin on Stromal Cells from Swine Adipose Tissue
ClearIrisin and Exercise Ameliorate the Polyethylene Microplastics-Induced Blood-Testis Barrier Disruption via PGC-1α Activation and AMPK/Nrf2/HO-1 Signaling.
Scientists found that tiny plastic particles from food packaging can damage male fertility in rats by reducing sperm quality and disrupting hormone levels. However, regular exercise and a hormone called irisin (which your body makes during exercise) can protect against this plastic-related damage. This suggests that staying physically active might help protect men's reproductive health from the microplastics we're increasingly exposed to through food and drink.
The effects of nanoplastics on adipose stromal cells from swine tissues
Researchers assessed the effects of polystyrene nanoplastics on adipose stromal cells from pig tissue, finding reduced cell viability after prolonged exposure, increased inflammatory marker TNF-alpha, and elevated oxidative stress markers. These results suggest nanoplastics can disrupt cellular redox homeostasis in adipose tissue at environmentally relevant conditions.
Polystyrene microplastics-induced ROS overproduction disrupts the skeletal muscle regeneration by converting myoblasts into adipocytes
Researchers found that polystyrene microplastics impaired skeletal muscle repair in mice by triggering excess production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) inside muscle stem cells. This oxidative stress redirected muscle stem cells to become fat cells instead of new muscle fibers, resulting in increased fat deposits and reduced muscle fiber size. The study suggests that microplastic exposure could interfere with the body's natural ability to regenerate and maintain muscle tissue.
In vitro effects of polystyrene microplastics exposure on adipose tissue dysfunction
Researchers exposed adipose tissue cells to polystyrene microplastics and found that the effects depended on the developmental stage of the cells. While fully mature fat cells showed minimal changes, microplastics exposure during the differentiation process significantly promoted fat cell enlargement, triggered oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and inflammatory responses. The findings suggest that microplastics may be more disruptive to fat tissue during its formation than after it has matured.
Nanoplastics impair in vitro swine granulosa cell functions
Polystyrene nanoplastics at the highest tested concentration (75 µg/mL) stimulated cell proliferation and steroid hormone secretion in swine granulosa cells while also increasing oxidative stress, suggesting potential endocrine disruption in female reproductive cells.
High Prolactin Concentration Induces Ovarian Granulosa Cell Oxidative Stress, Leading to Apoptosis Mediated by L-PRLR and S-PRLR
This paper is not relevant to microplastics research — it investigates how high prolactin concentrations induce oxidative stress and apoptosis in ovine ovarian granulosa cells, a reproductive endocrinology study.
Index
This index entry is a reference section from a book covering physiological and stress-related topics in animals, including inflammation, hormones, and metabolic processes, without a primary research focus on microplastics. This entry does not contain an original study abstract and represents an index from a veterinary or comparative physiology reference work.
Microplastics induce insulin resistance by causing mitochondrial dysfunction associated with mROS in skeletal muscle in vitro
Researchers exposed human muscle cells to polystyrene micro and nanoplastics and found that the particles caused insulin resistance, meaning the cells could not properly absorb sugar from the blood. The plastics damaged the cells' mitochondria (the energy-producing structures) and triggered harmful oxidative stress, but a mitochondria-protecting antioxidant reversed the damage. This study suggests that microplastic exposure could contribute to metabolic problems like type 2 diabetes by impairing how muscles process sugar.
Taurine improves bovine oocyte maturation through recovering mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress-induced apoptosis after microplastics exposure
This study found that taurine supplementation protected bovine oocytes from microplastic-induced toxicity by recovering mitochondrial dysfunction during oocyte maturation, suggesting a potential dietary intervention strategy to mitigate reproductive damage from plastic exposure.
Ischemic Stroke Induces Skeletal Muscle Damage and Alters Transcriptome Profile in Rats
Researchers found that ischemic stroke in rats caused significant skeletal muscle damage and altered the muscle transcriptome profile, providing insights into post-stroke muscle pathology and potential targets for rehabilitation interventions.
The crosstalk between M1 macrophage polarization and energy metabolism disorder contributes to polystyrene nanoplastics-triggered testicular inflammation
Researchers investigated how polystyrene nanoplastics cause testicular inflammation in mice by studying the interplay between immune cell behavior and energy metabolism. They found that nanoplastics triggered a pro-inflammatory immune response involving M1 macrophage activation, disrupted cellular energy processes, and caused testicular tissue damage. The study reveals a specific biological mechanism by which nanoplastic exposure may impair male reproductive health.
A short-term high-fat diet alters rat testicular activity and blood-testis barrier integrity through the SIRT1/NRF2/MAPKs signaling pathways
Researchers found that a short-term high-fat diet in rats caused changes in testicular function and disrupted the blood-testis barrier through specific cell signaling pathways. The study suggests that even moderate metabolic stress from overweight conditions can affect male reproductive health at the molecular level. The findings may help identify potential targets for preventing fertility issues related to metabolic disorders.
Kisspeptin regulates the proliferation and apoptosis of ovary granulosa cells in polycystic ovary syndrome by modulating the PI3K/AKT/ERK signalling pathway
Researchers found that kisspeptin, a signaling protein, improves the health of ovarian cells in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) by activating PI3K/AKT and ERK cell survival pathways, which reduces cell death and oxidative stress. This points to kisspeptin as a potential therapeutic target for managing PCOS-related infertility.
Consequences of in vitro benzyl butyl phthalate exposure for blubber gene expression and insulin-induced Akt activation in juvenile grey seals
Researchers exposed juvenile grey seal blubber tissue to benzyl butyl phthalate in vitro, finding that this high-molecular-weight plasticizer disrupted gene expression related to lipid metabolism and impaired insulin-stimulated Akt signaling, suggesting phthalates may compromise the fat storage and mobilization critical to marine mammal health.
Polystyrene microplastics impair the functions of cultured mouse Leydig (TM3) and Sertoli (TM4) cells by inducing mitochondrial-endoplasmic reticulum damage
Lab experiments showed that polystyrene microplastics damaged two key types of testicular cells in mice -- Leydig cells that produce testosterone and Sertoli cells that support sperm development -- by harming their mitochondria (the cell's energy centers) and stressing the endoplasmic reticulum. These findings suggest that microplastic exposure could contribute to male reproductive problems by disrupting hormone production and sperm development at the cellular level.
Polystyrene microplastics induce an immunometabolic active state in macrophages
Researchers found that polystyrene microplastics taken up by macrophages — immune cells lining the gut and lungs — triggered a metabolic shift toward an inflammatory state. This finding suggests microplastics reaching human tissues may alter immune function in ways that could contribute to inflammation-related diseases.
The Physiology of Reproduction – Quo vadis?
This review argues that reproductive physiology remains poorly understood at the systems level, with gamete production and gonadal hormone dynamics reflecting complex, redundant informational networks whose full quantitative and developmental dimensions — and vulnerability to environmental disruptors — are still largely uncharted.
Microplastics are present in women’s and cows’ follicular fluid and polystyrene microplastics compromise bovine oocyte function in vitro
Researchers detected microplastics in the follicular fluid of both women and cows, marking one of the first studies to find these particles in reproductive tissues. In laboratory tests, polystyrene microplastics impaired bovine egg cell function at concentrations comparable to what was found in the follicular fluid. The findings raise questions about whether microplastic exposure could be a contributing factor in the widespread declines in reproductive health observed in recent decades.
Efecto de los microplásticos de poliestireno sobre el citoesqueleto de células humanas
Researchers investigated the effects of polystyrene microplastics on the cytoskeleton of human cells, examining how these particles interact with the structural framework that maintains cell shape and function. They found that exposure to polystyrene particles disrupted cytoskeletal organization in the cultured cells. The study contributes to growing evidence that microplastics may interfere with fundamental cellular structures in human tissue.
Exploring the influence of polystyrene-nanoplastics on two distinct in vitro systems in farm animals: A pilot study
Researchers tested the effects of polystyrene nanoplastics on bovine ovarian cells and porcine muscle cells, both from farm animals whose products enter the human food chain. They found that both cell types absorbed the nanoplastics, with higher concentrations reducing cell viability, particularly in muscle cells. The study highlights that nanoplastic contamination in livestock could have implications for both animal health and food safety.
Polystyrene microplastics induce apoptosis and necroptosis in swine testis cells via ROS/MAPK/HIF1α pathway
Researchers exposed swine testis cells to polystyrene microplastics and found that the particles reduced cell viability and triggered both programmed cell death and necroptosis. The damage was driven by excessive production of reactive oxygen species that activated stress signaling pathways. Since pigs are physiologically similar to humans, the findings raise concerns about potential reproductive health effects of microplastic exposure in mammals.
Reproductive and metabolic toxic effects of polystyrene microplastics in adult female Wistar rats: a mechanistic study
Researchers gave female rats polystyrene microplastics orally for 45 days and found disruptions to both metabolic and reproductive hormone levels, including increased cholesterol, insulin resistance, and altered sex hormones. The microplastics also caused liver fibrosis and elevated inflammatory markers. The study suggests that chronic microplastic exposure may contribute to metabolic and endocrine disruption in mammals.
Polystyrene microplastics induce hepatic lipid metabolism and energy disorder by upregulating the NR4A1-AMPK signaling pathway
Researchers found that polystyrene microplastics accumulate in the liver and disrupt fat and energy metabolism by activating a specific molecular pathway called NR4A1-AMPK. This activation triggers a self-cleaning process called autophagy that reduces fat production in liver cells, while also increasing harmful reactive oxygen species. The findings suggest that long-term microplastic exposure could lead to ongoing liver damage through this metabolic disruption.
Exposição De Microplásticos E Nanoplásticos Ao Tecido Ovariano: Uma Revisão Integrativa
This integrative review examines the impact of micro- and nanoplastics on female ovarian tissue, synthesizing animal model studies showing damage to follicular structures, increased oxidative stress, and disrupted reproductive hormone signaling.