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61,005 resultsShowing papers similar to Human risk associated with exposure to mixtures of antiandrogenic chemicals evaluated using in vitro hazard and human biomonitoring data
ClearIMPACT OF REAL-LIFE ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURES ON REPRODUCTION: Impact of human-relevant doses of endocrine-disrupting chemical and drug mixtures on testis development and function
This review summarizes research on how mixtures of endocrine-disrupting chemicals and pharmaceuticals at realistic human exposure levels affect male reproductive health. The combined effects of pollutants including microplastics, pesticides, and common drugs can be more harmful together than individually, causing reduced sperm count, lower testosterone, and reproductive tract abnormalities. The findings highlight that studying chemicals one at a time underestimates the real-world risks people face from everyday environmental exposures.
Complex Mixtures and Multiple Stressors: Evaluating Combined Chemical Exposures and Cumulative Toxicity
This review examined how complex chemical mixtures and multiple stressors interact to produce cumulative toxicity, highlighting that traditional single-chemical risk assessments underestimate real-world exposure risks where organisms face simultaneous pollutant combinations.
A brief review on the assessment of potential joint effects of complex mixtures of contaminants in the environment
This review presents new methods for assessing the potential combined effects of complex mixtures of environmental contaminants on organisms. Researchers highlight that many pollutants can cause long-term harm at low concentrations during extended exposure periods. The study emphasizes the need for improved approaches to evaluate how multiple chemicals interact, rather than studying each contaminant in isolation.
Combined exposure to microplastics and pesticides with endocrine-disrupting potential: evidence of interaction, reproductive biomarkers, and tissue bioaccumulation in humans and animal models
This review study examines how tiny plastic particles (microplastics) and certain pesticides might work together to disrupt hormones and affect fertility in humans and animals. The research suggests these common pollutants may be more harmful when combined than when encountered separately, potentially impacting reproductive health. Understanding these interactions is important because people are exposed to both microplastics and pesticides daily through food, water, and the environment.
Environmental Chemicals: Integrative Approach to Human Biomonitoring and Health Effects
This review presents an integrative framework for human biomonitoring of environmental chemicals — including microplastics, heavy metals, and endocrine disruptors — linking population-level exposure data with health outcomes to inform policy decisions on chemical risk management.
Microplastics and PFAS as ubiquitous pollutants affect potencies of highly toxic chemicals in mixtures
Researchers investigated how ubiquitous pollutants like PFAS and microplastics affect the toxicity of other highly toxic chemicals when present together in mixtures. They found that even at non-toxic concentrations, PFAS and microplastics could alter the potency of co-occurring toxic compounds. The study highlights the importance of considering pollutant interactions in complex environmental mixtures rather than assessing chemicals in isolation.
Assessing the chemical interactions and biological effects of a petrochemical and bio-based plastic with a common plastic flame retardant and solvent
Researchers assessed the combined chemical interactions and biological effects when organisms were exposed to both petrochemical and agricultural contaminants simultaneously. Mixture effects were often greater than predicted by individual chemical toxicity, highlighting the importance of studying realistic multi-contaminant exposures.
Reproductive Impact of Natural, Synthetic and Emerging Chemicals on Wildlife and Domestic Animals.
This review examined how natural, synthetic, and emerging chemical contaminants — including legacy pesticides, flame retardants, plasticizers, and pharmaceuticals — disrupt reproduction and development in wildlife and domestic animals, emphasizing growing concerns about multi-chemical cocktail exposures.
Chemical Mixtures and Multiple Stressors: Same but Different?
This review highlights the parallels between chemical mixture research and multiple stressor ecology, arguing that both fields face similar challenges in predicting joint effects and would benefit from integrated frameworks combining chemical and non-chemical stressor assessments.
Synergistic human health risks of microplastics and co-contaminants: A quantitative risk assessment in water
This study calculated the combined health risks of ingesting microplastics along with the toxic chemicals they carry, including heavy metals and plastic additives, and found that the combined hazard is far greater than from microplastics alone. Children face especially high risk, and the interaction between microplastics and co-contaminants creates synergistic effects that standard risk assessments may significantly underestimate.
A Review on Emerging Contaminants: Effects on Human Health and Cancer Risks
This review examines how emerging contaminants, including microplastics, pharmaceuticals, pesticides, and industrial chemicals, may contribute to health problems and cancer risk. Evidence indicates that many of these pollutants can disrupt hormones, trigger inflammation, and cause DNA damage, though the long-term effects of low-level exposure are not yet fully understood. The authors stress the need for better monitoring, regulation, and research into how mixtures of these contaminants affect human health over time.
Mixed Contaminants: Occurrence, Interactions, Toxicity, Detection, and Remediation
This review examines how mixed environmental contaminants, including microplastics, heavy metals, pesticides, and pharmaceuticals, interact when present together in the environment. The study highlights that pollutant mixtures can produce synergistic toxic effects that are greater than the sum of individual pollutants, making combined contamination a more complex risk than single-pollutant assessments suggest.
Analytical methodology for unveiling human exposure to (micro)plastic additives
Researchers reviewed laboratory and population-level methods for measuring human exposure to chemicals that leach from plastics — such as bisphenols and flame retardants — detailing how these toxic additives can be tracked through urine and blood tests after entering the body.
Microplastics as an emerging threat to human health: Challenges and advancements in their detection
This review examined microplastics as an emerging threat to human health, highlighting their endocrine-disrupting properties, ability to accumulate pollutants, and the analytical challenges in accurately detecting and characterizing them across environmental and biological samples.
Impact of endocrine disruptors on peripheral blood mononuclear cells in vitro: role of gender
Researchers tested six endocrine-disrupting chemicals, including phthalates and PFAS compounds, on human immune cells in the laboratory and found that they altered immune function with notable differences between males and females. Diethyl phthalate and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid were the most active disruptors, affecting inflammation markers, natural killer cell activity, and lymphocyte differentiation. The study suggests that common environmental contaminants can directly interfere with human immune responses in a sex-dependent manner.
Impacto de los disruptores endocrinos derivados de plásticos en la regulación hormonal masculina: un análisis integral de la evidencia científica
This literature review compiled recent studies on how phthalates, bisphenol A, and microplastics from plastic products disrupt male hormonal regulation, finding evidence for reduced testosterone, impaired testicular synthesis, and alterations in the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. The review calls for greater attention to plastic-derived endocrine disruptors in male reproductive health research.
The effects of co-exposure to methyl paraben and dibutyl phthalate on cell line derived from human skin
Researchers tested the cytotoxic effects of methyl paraben (a preservative) and dibutyl phthalate (a plasticizer) individually and in binary mixtures on human skin cells, finding that combined exposure altered toxicity compared to single-compound effects. The results show that mixture interactions between these common chemical contaminants complicate risk assessment based on individual exposures.
The single and combined effects of decabromodiphenyl ethane and mixed microplastics on male mice reproductive toxicity
Researchers investigated the combined reproductive toxicity of mixed microplastics and the flame retardant DBDPE in male mice over seven weeks. The study found that DBDPE alone decreased sex hormone levels and sperm count, and when combined with microplastics, the effects on testicular damage, sperm malformation, and oxidative stress were compounded, suggesting that microplastics may amplify the toxicity of co-occurring chemical contaminants.
The role of environmental toxins in infertility: Insights from cutting-edge research
Researchers reviewed the effects of environmental toxins including bisphenol A, pesticides, heavy metals, microplastics, and electromagnetic fields on human fertility. The study found that these substances have been linked to both male and female infertility through various mechanisms, and highlights the need for greater awareness and regulatory action to reduce exposure to these reproductive toxicants.
Endocrine Disrupting Activity of Mixtures Composed of Pharmaceuticals and Nanoplastics
This study investigated the combined endocrine-disrupting activity of pharmaceutical compounds mixed with nanoplastics, examining how the mixture behaves differently from individual components. Nanoplastics can adsorb and concentrate endocrine-disrupting chemicals from the environment, potentially delivering combined hormonal effects to organisms that ingest them.
Individual and combined effects of microplastics and diphenyl phthalate as plastic additives on male goldfish: A biochemical and physiological investigation
Male goldfish exposed to both microplastics and the plasticizer chemical DPP (diphenyl phthalate) together showed significant liver damage, disrupted fat and sugar metabolism, and hormonal imbalances including decreased testosterone and increased estrogen. The combined exposure was more harmful than either pollutant alone, demonstrating how microplastics and their chemical additives can work together to disrupt the endocrine system.
Combined Toxicity of Chemicals: Final Thoughts and Concluding Remarks
This book chapter synthesizes combined chemical toxicology, covering the principles of synergistic and antagonistic effects, environmental fate of pollutant mixtures, experimental models, and in silico approaches, providing a systematic framework for assessing health and environmental risks from complex chemical exposures.
Occurrence and distribution of several endocrine-disrupting chemicals in a chemical park: exploring the health risks of multiple pollutants
Researchers measured 28 endocrine-disrupting chemicals — including triclosan, bisphenols, and phthalates — in soil, sediment, and sludge from the Yangkou Chemical Industrial Park, finding widespread contamination and assessing associated ecological and human health risks.
Implications of environmental toxicants on ovarian follicles: how it can adversely affect the female fertility?
This review examines how environmental toxicants, including endocrine disrupting chemicals, heavy metals, agrochemicals, and chemicals used in plastic and cosmetic industries, can adversely affect female fertility. Researchers found that these substances can interfere with follicle development and lead to conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome, premature ovarian insufficiency, and meiotic defects. The study highlights the difficulty of isolating individual risk factors since multiple toxicants often share common pathways of reproductive harm.