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61,005 resultsShowing papers similar to Study of the toxicological effects of emerging contaminants on Daphnia similis associating polyethylene microplastics with the agrochemical imidacloprid.
ClearImpacts of microplastics and pesticides on Daphnia
Researchers investigated the combined and individual impacts of microplastics and pesticides on Daphnia magna, a model crustacean widely used in freshwater ecotoxicology, to assess how these co-occurring pollutants affect aquatic ecosystem health. The study examined survival, reproduction, and physiological responses in D. magna exposed to varying concentrations of both stressors under controlled conditions.
Combined toxicity of perfluoroalkyl substances and microplastics on the sentinel species Daphnia magna: Implications for freshwater ecosystems
This study tested how PFAS chemicals (common industrial pollutants) and PET microplastics affect water fleas, both alone and together. The combination caused worse developmental and reproductive problems than either pollutant alone, and organisms with prior chemical exposure history responded differently, showing that microplastics can amplify the harm of other environmental contaminants in ways that are difficult to predict.
The synergistic effect of mono and co-exposure of microplastic suspensions on Daphnia magna’s survival, population density, reproduction rate & swimming behavior.
When water fleas (Daphnia magna) were exposed to mixtures of HDPE, LDPE, and polypropylene microplastics together, the combined toxicity was substantially greater than any single polymer alone, with the mixture LC50 dropping to 77 mg/L compared to 109–123 mg/L for individual plastics. This synergistic effect — reducing survival, reproduction, and normal swimming behavior — is an important finding because organisms in nature encounter mixtures of plastic types, not just one at a time.
Evaluation Of The Toxicity Of The Microplastic Polyethylene In Association With Distinct Emerging Pollutants In Aquatic Vertebrates
This study evaluated the toxicity of polyethylene microplastics in association with distinct emerging pollutants using ecotoxicological assays. The research was supported by the Brazilian education agency CAPES and examined combinatorial effects of microplastics with co-occurring contaminants.
Effects of combined nutrient and pesticide exposure on algal biomass, and Daphnia magna abundance
This study tested how fertilizers and pesticides, alone and combined, affect tiny water organisms (Daphnia) and algae growth. Higher pesticide levels killed off Daphnia populations while allowing algae to bloom unchecked, disrupting the natural balance of aquatic ecosystems. While not directly about microplastics, these findings are relevant because microplastics in water can carry pesticide residues, potentially amplifying these harmful effects on the organisms that form the base of aquatic food webs.
Bioaccumulation, Ecotoxicity, and Microbial Responses in Hoplobatrachus rugulosus Tadpoles Following Co-Exposure to Imidacloprid and Microplastics
Researchers co-exposed Hoplobatrachus rugulosus tadpoles to imidacloprid (a neonicotinoid insecticide) and polyethylene microplastics from agricultural mulch, finding that combined exposure increased bioaccumulation of both contaminants, worsened developmental delays, and caused greater oxidative stress and gut microbiome disruption than either pollutant alone.
Microplastics enhance Daphnia magna sensitivity to the pyrethroid insecticide deltamethrin: Effects on life history traits
Researchers tested whether polyethylene microplastics alter the toxicity of the pyrethroid insecticide deltamethrin to Daphnia magna and found that microplastic presence increased sensitivity to deltamethrin, reducing survival and reproductive output at concentrations that were not toxic without microplastics.
Assessment of toxic and behavioral effects of isolated and combined exposure of cladocerans (Daphnia similis and Moina micrura) to microplastics and cyanobacteria
This Brazilian study assessed the toxic and behavioral effects of cyanobacteria toxins and polymeric particles on cladocerans (Daphnia), two co-occurring contaminants in aquatic environments. Combined exposure produced distinct effects compared to individual exposures, highlighting the ecological complexity of multi-contaminant pollution.
Ecological risks under combined pollution: Toxicological effects of clothianidin and microplastics on Penaeus vannamei
This study examined the combined effects of a common insecticide (clothianidin) and microplastics on Pacific white shrimp over 28 days. Researchers found that exposure to both pollutants together was significantly more harmful than either alone, causing reduced growth, immune system disruption, altered energy metabolism, and nervous system interference. The results underscore that real-world pollution involves mixtures of contaminants whose combined effects can be worse than expected.
Effects of chronic exposure to microplastics and microplastics associated with polychlorinated biphenyl 153 on Daphnia magna
A 21-day chronic exposure study found that polyethylene microbeads alone and in combination with PCB-153 affected survival and reproduction of Daphnia magna, with the combined exposure producing more pronounced reproductive impairment than either pollutant alone.
The combined toxicity test of polyester and tetra ethylene glycol on Daphnia magna
This study tested the combined toxicity of polyester microplastics and tetraethylene glycol on the water flea Daphnia magna, a standard freshwater toxicity test organism. The combined exposure was more harmful than either substance alone, highlighting the risks of plastic-chemical mixtures in aquatic environments.
Combined neurotoxicity of aged microplastics and thiamethoxam in the early developmental stages of zebrafish (Danio rerio)
This study found that aged (weathered) microplastics combined with the insecticide thiamethoxam caused worse neurological damage to zebrafish larvae than either pollutant alone. The combined exposure reduced heart rate and movement, disrupted antioxidant defenses, and altered neurotransmitter levels in ways that were synergistic rather than simply additive. This is relevant to human health because both microplastics and pesticides are common in the environment, and their combined effects may pose greater risks than either one individually.
Synergistic effect of microplastic fragments and benzophenone‐3 additives on lethal and sublethal Daphnia magna toxicity
Researchers assessed the combined effects of polyethylene microplastic fragments and the UV-filter additive benzophenone-3 on the water flea Daphnia magna. They found that microplastic fragments were significantly more acutely toxic than the dissolved additive alone, and the combination produced synergistic lethal and sublethal effects. The study highlights that microplastic particles carrying chemical additives may pose greater risks to aquatic invertebrates than either stressor in isolation.
Co-exposure of microplastics and 2-methoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone affects Daphnia magna depending on the developmental stage
Researchers studied the combined effects of microplastics and the plant-derived compound 2-methoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone on Daphnia magna, which represents a freshwater ecosystem stress scenario. Co-exposure produced effects that differed from either stressor alone, highlighting the importance of studying pollutant mixtures.
Combined exposure effects: Multilevel impact analysis of cycloxaprid and microplastics on Penaeus vannamei
Researchers conducted a multilevel analysis of the combined effects of cycloxaprid insecticide and microplastics on a non-target organism, finding synergistic toxicity greater than either contaminant alone. The study highlights risks from simultaneous exposure to agrochemicals and plastic pollution in agricultural environments.
Microplastic contamination worsens the ecotoxicity of chlorpyrifos to cladoceran Ceriodaphnia cornuta (Sars, 1885) and Echinisca triserialis (Brady, 1886)
Researchers found that microplastics worsen the toxic effects of the pesticide chlorpyrifos on two species of tiny freshwater crustaceans (cladocerans). When microplastics pre-loaded with chlorpyrifos were present, the combined exposure caused greater harm than either pollutant alone, reducing reproduction and survival rates. The study suggests that microplastics in agricultural waterways can act as carriers for pesticides, amplifying ecological risks to aquatic organisms.
Combined toxic effects of polystyrene microplastic and benzophenone-4 on the bioaccumulation, feeding, growth, and reproduction of Daphnia magna
Researchers examined the combined toxic effects of polystyrene microplastics and the UV filter chemical benzophenone-4 on water fleas over 21 days. They found that exposure to both contaminants together caused greater harm to feeding, growth, and reproduction than either pollutant alone. The study demonstrates that microplastics and personal care product chemicals can interact to amplify their negative effects on freshwater organisms.
Toxic effects of polystyrene microplastics on atrazine in zebrafish: Exogenous toxicity and endogenous mechanism
Researchers found that combining polystyrene microplastics with the common herbicide atrazine was more toxic to zebrafish than either pollutant alone, causing greater liver and gut damage. The combination also degraded water quality by reducing oxygen levels and increasing harmful nitrogen compounds. This is important because microplastics and pesticides frequently co-exist in the environment, meaning their combined effects on aquatic life and food safety may be worse than studies of individual pollutants suggest.
What are the toxicological effects of mixing nanoplastics with a nanopesticide on Daphnia magna and Aliivibrio fischeri?
Scientists tested what happens when tiny plastic particles (nanoplastics) mix with a common pesticide in water using small water creatures as test subjects. They found that the combination was more toxic than either pollutant alone, causing serious harm to reproduction and growth even at very low levels. This matters because these same pollutants are building up in our water systems and food chain, potentially affecting human health through the water we drink and seafood we eat.
Roles of bio-based microplastics in modulating the toxic effects of the herbicide metolachlor on the South American native species Palaemon argentinus: Single and co-exposure effects
Researchers exposed South American native shrimp to polylactic acid microplastics and the herbicide metolachlor, both individually and in combination, over a seven-day period. They found that the bio-based microplastics caused oxidative stress, neurotoxicity, and tissue damage, and also acted as carriers that increased pesticide accumulation in the shrimp. The study suggests that even biodegradable plastics can transport pollutants and pose ecological risks in aquatic ecosystems.
Ekotoksičnost mikroplastike i prioritetnih onečišćivala u vodi
This review covers the ecotoxicity of microplastics and priority pollutants in water, summarizing experimental evidence for toxicity endpoints including mortality, reproduction, growth, and behavioral effects across aquatic organisms. The authors note that combined exposure to microplastics and co-contaminants often produces greater toxicity than individual exposures, highlighting the importance of mixture effects.
Toxicity of mixture of polyethylene microplastics and Up Grade® pesticide on Oreochromis niloticus juvenile: I. Hemato-biochemical and histopathological alterations
Researchers exposed juvenile Nile tilapia to a pesticide and polyethylene microplastics, both individually and in combination, and measured blood chemistry changes and organ damage over 15 days. The combination treatment caused more severe effects than either pollutant alone, including reduced red blood cell counts, elevated liver enzymes, and significant tissue damage to the gills and intestines. The study demonstrates that microplastics can worsen the toxic effects of agricultural pesticides on commercially important fish species.
Polystyrene microplastic particles in combination with pesticides and antiviral drugs: Toxicity and genotoxicity in Ceriodaphnia dubia
Researchers investigated the toxic and genotoxic effects of polystyrene microplastics alone and in combination with the antiviral drug acyclovir and the insecticide imidacloprid on the freshwater crustacean Ceriodaphnia dubia. The study found that microplastics can act as carriers for other pollutants in a 'Trojan horse effect,' and that mixtures of these contaminants produced combined toxicity in this sensitive freshwater organism.
Toxicity of microplastics and per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in sentinel freshwater models, Daphnia, Zebrafish and unicellular green algae: A systemic review
Researchers reviewed 68 studies on how microplastics and PFAS ("forever chemicals") affect freshwater organisms like Daphnia, zebrafish, and algae, finding that both contaminants are more toxic at chronic low doses than in short-term exposures, and that combining them tends to amplify harm — while noting almost no research has studied them together.