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61,005 resultsShowing papers similar to Fabrication of microplastic and nanoplastic particles and fibres for use in pulmonary toxicity studies
ClearFabrication of microplastic and nanoplastic particles and fibres for use in pulmonary toxicity studies
Researchers developed methods to fabricate polyamide, polystyrene, and polyethylene terephthalate micro/nanoplastics in particle and fiber forms of respirable dimensions, addressing the limitation that most pulmonary toxicity studies have used only commercially available polystyrene spheres.
Fabrication of microplastic and nanoplastic particles and fibres for use in pulmonary toxicity studies
Researchers developed fabrication methods to produce micro- and nanoplastics from three environmentally relevant polymers (polyamide, polypropylene, and PET) in both particle and fiber shapes, addressing a critical gap in pulmonary toxicity research where most studies use only polystyrene spheres.
Additional file 1 of Fabrication of microplastic and nanoplastic particles and fibres for use in pulmonary toxicity studies
This is a supplementary data file for a study on fabricating micro- and nanoplastic particles for lung toxicity research. It does not contain standalone findings.
Microplastic Materials for Inhalation Studies: Preparation by Solvent Precipitation and Comprehensive Characterization
Researchers used solvent precipitation to produce respirable microplastic test materials smaller than 4 micrometers from four common plastic types for use in inhalation toxicity studies. They comprehensively characterized the resulting particles for chemical composition, molecular properties, size, shape, and potential contaminants. The study found that PET, PA-6, and TPU test materials were representative and suitable for inhalation studies, while LDPE posed challenges due to its hydrophobicity causing particle aggregation.
Additional file 1 of Fabrication of microplastic and nanoplastic particles and fibres for use in pulmonary toxicity studies
This is a supplementary data file for a study on fabricating micro- and nanoplastic particles for lung toxicity research. It does not contain standalone findings.
Microplastics and nanoplastics, emerging pollutants, increased the risk of pulmonary fibrosis in vivo and in vitro: A comparative evaluation of their potential toxicity effects with different polymers and size
Researchers compared the lung toxicity of microplastics and nanoplastics made from polystyrene, polyethylene, and polypropylene in mice and human lung cells. They found that all particle types induced signs of pulmonary fibrosis, inflammation, and tissue remodeling, with polystyrene nanoplastics causing the most severe effects. The study suggests that smaller nanoplastic particles and certain polymer types may pose greater risks to lung health.
Preparation of Nanoplastic Particles as Potential Standards for the Study of Nanoplastics
Researchers developed methods to prepare well-defined nanoplastic particles as potential reference standards for nanoplastic research, addressing the critical shortage of reliable materials for toxicity studies and analytical method validation. The study characterized the size, shape, and surface properties of the produced particles to confirm their suitability as standards.
88 Microplastic References for Inhalation Studies
This study developed standardized reference microplastic particles in multiple polymer types (TPU, PA-6, PET, LDPE) in the sub-10 micron respirable size range, addressing a critical gap in inhalation toxicology research where consistent reference materials have been lacking. Having well-characterized reference particles will allow different labs to produce comparable results when studying how inhaled microplastics affect lung cells.
A reliable procedure to obtain environmentally relevant nanoplastic proxies
Researchers developed a reliable procedure for producing nanoplastic proxies with properties more representative of environmentally aged nanoplastics, addressing the urgent need for better reference materials in nanoplastic fate, transport, and toxicology research.
Collection and Characterization of Synthetic Airborne Particles
Researchers characterized polypropylene micro-nano particles in the air inside and outside textile industry workplaces, finding workers are exposed to plastic particles across multiple size fractions including fine PM2.5 and PM1 ranges that can penetrate deep into the lungs.
Size- and polymer-dependent toxicity of amorphous environmentally relevant micro- and nanoplastics in human bronchial epithelial cells
This study examined how the size and type of plastic particles affect their toxicity to human lung cells. Researchers tested environmentally relevant micro- and nanoplastics with irregular shapes, rather than the uniform spheres typically used in lab studies, to better mimic real-world exposure. The findings contribute to a growing understanding that particle size and polymer composition both matter when assessing the potential health risks of inhaling airborne plastic particles.
Fabrication of Nylon-6 and Nylon-11 Nanoplastics and Evaluation in Mammalian Cells
Researchers fabricated well-characterized nylon-6 and nylon-11 nanoplastics and evaluated their effects on mammalian cells, addressing a critical gap since most toxicity studies rely on polystyrene beads that do not represent the diversity of plastics found in the environment.
Methodology, characterization, and multiple-path particle dosimetry modeling of laboratory inhalation exposure for micro-nanoplastic particles in rodents
Researchers developed and characterized a standardized methodology for exposing rodents to inhaled micro- and nanoplastic particles at concentrations representative of environmental and occupational settings. The study used polyamide-12 particles and computational modeling to estimate respiratory deposition patterns in both rats and humans, providing a validated framework for future inhalation toxicology studies on plastic particles.
A novel method for preparing microplastic fibers
Researchers developed a reproducible laboratory method for generating microplastic fibers from commercial textiles for use in controlled exposure experiments. The method addresses a major gap in ecotoxicology research: unlike spherical microbeads, fibers cannot be purchased commercially, limiting their use in standardized toxicity testing.
Production, labeling, and applications of micro- and nanoplastic reference and test materials
This study reviews methods for producing, labeling, and applying micro- and nanoplastic reference and test materials for research purposes. The researchers address the growing need for in-house production of standardized test materials, driven by challenges in extracting these particles from the environment and the limited range of commercially available options.
Small micro- and nanoplastic test and reference materials for research: Current status and future needs
This review highlights the critical shortage of well-characterized, environmentally relevant reference materials for studying small microplastics and nanoplastics. Most laboratory studies use commercially available spherical particles that do not represent the irregular, weathered particles found in nature. The authors call for developing standardized reference materials that better mimic real-world microplastic contamination to improve the reliability of exposure and hazard assessments.
Micro- and nanoplastics concepts for particle and fibre toxicologists
This review provides guidance for toxicologists studying micro- and nanoplastic particles, calling for better quality standards in research as the field rapidly expands. The authors note that most current studies use commercially available plastic beads that do not represent real-world microplastics, and that standardized approaches to dosing, particle characterization, and exposure methods are urgently needed. With microplastics now confirmed to bioaccumulate in human tissues, establishing rigorous research standards is critical for accurately assessing health risks.
Approaches for the preparation and evaluation of hydrophilic polyethylene and polyethylene terephthalate microplastic particles suited for toxicological effect studies
Researchers developed methods to create large quantities of artificially aged, hydrophilic microplastic particles from PET and polyethylene, eliminating the need for surfactants in toxicity experiments. Using alkaline and acidic treatments, they produced particles smaller than 5 micrometers with significantly increased water compatibility. These standardized, aged particles better represent real-world microplastics and could improve the consistency and relevance of laboratory toxicity studies.
A quality-by-design inspired approach to develop PET and PP nanoplastic test materials for use in in vitro and in vivo biological assays
Researchers developed a quality-by-design approach for producing standardized PET and polypropylene nanoplastic test materials suitable for biological assays. The study provides a systematic framework for generating consistent nanoplastic particles for use in both in vitro and in vivo toxicity studies.
Need for Assessing the Inhalation of Micro(nano)plastic Debris Shed from Masks, Respirators, and Home-Made Face Coverings During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Researchers raised concerns about potential inhalation of micro- and nanoplastic particles shed from face masks and respirators during the COVID-19 pandemic, noting a gap in existing quality standards. They called for regulatory attention to respirable plastic debris from protective equipment.
Unveiling the Environmental Characteristics of Sub-1000-nm Nanoplastics: A Comprehensive Review of the Preparation Methods for Nanoplastic Model Samples
This review addresses the challenge of creating realistic nanoplastic samples for lab research, since most studies have only used polystyrene spheres that do not represent the diverse shapes and types of nanoplastics found in the real environment. Better lab models are essential for accurately understanding the health risks these tiny plastic particles pose to humans.
Protocol for the production of micro- and nanoplastic test materials
Scientists created a standardized protocol for producing well-characterized micro and nanoplastic test materials from polypropylene and PVC for use in health research. Current studies often use commercially available plastic beads that do not resemble real-world microplastics, making results hard to interpret. Having realistic, standardized test materials will improve the quality and comparability of future research on microplastic health effects.
Small micro- and nanoplastic test and reference materials for research: Current status and future needs
This review highlights the lack of realistic test materials for studying small microplastics and nanoplastics, noting that most lab studies use uniform, spherical particles that do not represent what is actually found in the environment. Better reference materials that match the irregular shapes, sizes, and chemical makeup of real-world plastic particles are needed to accurately assess risks to organisms and human health.
Towards a risk assessment framework for micro- and nanoplastic particles for human health
This review proposes a framework for assessing the health risks of micro- and nanoplastics to humans, noting that current methods are inadequate because these particles come in countless types, sizes, and chemical compositions. The authors recommend focusing first on inhalation risks and suggest using existing approaches for evaluating low-toxicity particles and fibers as a starting point for plastic particle safety standards.