Papers

61,005 results
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Article Tier 2

The distribution and ecological effects of microplastics in an estuarine ecosystem

Researchers surveyed 22 intertidal sites and found that microplastic abundance, size, and diversity correlated with benthic microalgal communities and sediment biostabilization properties in an estuarine ecosystem.

2021 Environmental Pollution 36 citations
Article Tier 2

Microplastic interactions with freshwater microalgae: Hetero-aggregation and changes in plastic density appear strongly dependent on polymer type

Researchers studied interactions between microplastics and freshwater microalgae, finding that microplastics can physically attach to algal cells to form hetero-aggregates, altering both particle behavior and algal physiology.

2016 Environmental Pollution 704 citations
Article Tier 2

Microplastics impacts in seven flagellate microalgae: Role of size and cell wall

Seven marine flagellate microalgae species were incubated with 1-micrometer polystyrene microplastics at 10 mg/L, revealing that cell size and the presence of a cell wall strongly influenced the degree of microplastic-induced physiological and growth effects across species.

2021 Environmental Research 23 citations
Article Tier 2

Adverse effects of microplastics observed on the growth rate and health of the freshwater alga, Chlorella sp. 12.

This Australian collaborative project investigated the effects of microplastics on freshwater ecological communities. While abstract details were limited, the study is part of a broader effort to understand how microplastics affect the ecology of the Murray-Darling Basin river system.

2019 OPAL (Open@LaTrobe) (La Trobe University)
Article Tier 2

Effects of different concentrations and particle sizes of microplastics on the full life history of freshwater Chlorella

Researchers investigated how polystyrene microplastics of different concentrations and particle sizes affect the complete life cycle of freshwater Chlorella algae. The study found that microplastics can inhibit algal growth by up to 68%, while also altering chlorophyll content and photosynthetic activity, indicating that microplastic pollution may pose significant risks to the base of aquatic food webs.

2024 Environmental Pollution 12 citations
Article Tier 2

Cyanobacterial relative enrichment over diatoms: Differential responses of plankton to microplastic pollution in the Zhanghe River, Northern China

Researchers assessed microplastic pollution and its ecological impacts on plankton communities in the Zhanghe River, China, finding that fibrous polyethylene, polypropylene, and polyamide MPs increased from upstream to downstream and were significantly associated with cyanobacterial proliferation while inhibiting diatoms, with a synergistic interaction with total phosphorus potentially amplifying eutrophication risk.

2026 Environmental Research
Article Tier 2

Effect of different size microplastic particles on the construction of algal-bacterial biofilms and microbial communities

Researchers tested how microplastic particles of different sizes affect algal-bacterial biofilms used for sewage treatment. Smaller nanoplastics caused more damage to the biofilm community, reducing algal growth and shifting microbial diversity, while larger microplastics had milder effects. This matters because algal-bacterial systems are a green technology for water treatment, and microplastic contamination could undermine their effectiveness.

2023 Journal of Environmental Management 33 citations
Article Tier 2

No Effect of Realistic Concentrations of Polyester Microplastic Fibers on Freshwater Zooplankton Communities

Researchers tested whether realistic concentrations of polyester microplastic fibers affect freshwater zooplankton communities in experimental settings. The study found no significant effects on zooplankton abundance, diversity, or community structure at environmentally relevant concentrations, suggesting that current levels of fiber pollution may not substantially impact these organisms.

2023 Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 11 citations
Article Tier 2

Effect of Microplastics on Aquatic Food Chain and Food Web Altering Phytoplankton Community Structure

This review examines how microplastics affect phytoplankton community structure and how these effects propagate through aquatic food chains and food webs, with implications for nutrient cycling and ecosystem services.

2024 4 citations
Article Tier 2

Microplastics drive community dynamics of periphytic protozoan fauna in marine environments

Researchers exposed marine protozoan communities to varying concentrations of microplastics and tracked how the communities changed over time. They found that higher microplastic concentrations reduced species diversity and shifted community composition toward more pollution-tolerant species. The study demonstrates that microplastic pollution can reshape the structure of microscopic marine communities, with potential cascading effects up the food web.

2024 Environmental Science and Pollution Research 4 citations
Article Tier 2

The Relationship Between Microplastic Abundance and Plankton Type Diversity

Researchers collected water samples from Kwatisore and measured both microplastic concentrations and plankton species diversity to assess their relationship. Analysis revealed a negative correlation between MP abundance and plankton diversity, suggesting that higher microplastic contamination is associated with reduced plankton species richness and potential ecosystem instability.

2025 Journal of Tropical Diversity
Article Tier 2

Combined impacts of micoplastic type, concentrations and nutrient loading on freshwater communities and ecosystems

Researchers used 40 outdoor freshwater mesocosms to test the independent and interactive effects of microplastic type (conventional vs. bio-based biodegradable), particle concentration, and nutrient enrichment on pelagic community structure and ecosystem functions including phytoplankton biomass, periphyton productivity, and leaf litter decomposition, finding no significant impacts at the ecosystem scale.

2022 Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Article Tier 2

Current understanding and challenges for aquatic primary producers in a world with rising micro- and nano-plastic levels

Researchers conducted a quantitative analysis of published studies on how micro- and nanoplastics affect aquatic primary producers like microalgae. They found that microplastics generally inhibited algal growth, but typically only at concentrations much higher than those currently found in the environment, with positively charged particles being the most toxic. The study highlights that the effects on photosynthesis and metabolism vary greatly depending on particle properties and algal species.

2020 Journal of Hazardous Materials 127 citations
Article Tier 2

Microplastics at Environmentally Relevant Concentrations Had Minimal Impacts on Pelagic Zooplankton Communities in a Large In-Lake Mesocosm Experiment

Researchers conducted a large-scale 10-week mesocosm experiment in a Canadian boreal lake to assess microplastic impacts on zooplankton at environmentally relevant concentrations. They found that zooplankton ingested low levels of microplastics and their overall abundance and community composition were not negatively impacted. However, temporary effects were observed, including stimulation of some species and short-term reductions in egg production, suggesting microplastics may have complex but limited effects at current environmental levels.

2024 Environmental Science & Technology 12 citations
Article Tier 2

Microplastic in three urban estuaries, China

Researchers surveyed three urban estuaries in China and found microplastics throughout, with concentrations and types reflecting the combined influence of surrounding city density, stormwater runoff, and tidal mixing.

2015 Environmental Pollution 696 citations
Article Tier 2

Concentration dependent toxicity of microplastics to marine microalgae

Researchers exposed the marine microalga Chlorella sp. to polystyrene microplastics at concentrations of 10 and 50 mg/L, finding that even low concentrations inhibited growth and disrupted photosynthesis, while higher concentrations caused more pronounced oxidative stress.

2025 E3S Web of Conferences
Article Tier 2

Environmentally relevant concentrations and sizes of microplastic do not impede marine diatom growth

The marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum showed no growth inhibition when exposed to virgin polyethylene microplastics across a realistic size frequency distribution and up to 499 mg/L concentration, suggesting that environmentally relevant MP concentrations do not directly impede marine phytoplankton growth.

2020 Journal of Hazardous Materials 70 citations
Review Tier 2

A critical review of interactions between microplastics, microalgae and aquatic ecosystem function

This review of microplastic-microalgae interactions found that microplastics form distinct epiplastic algal communities that differ from surrounding water communities, and that the interactions are bidirectional — MP properties affect algal physiology while algal surface coatings alter MP behavior and fate.

2020 Water Research 412 citations
Article Tier 2

Responses of different species of marine microalgae and their community to gear-derived microplastics

Researchers tested how microplastics from fishing gear affected four species of marine microalgae and found that smaller particles were more toxic, significantly slowing algae growth and damaging their cells. When introduced to a mixed algae community, the microplastics shifted which species dominated and actually increased overall community diversity. Since microalgae are the foundation of the ocean food web, these changes could ripple through marine ecosystems and affect the seafood humans consume.

2025 Water Research 6 citations
Article Tier 2

Microplastic characteristics in organisms of different trophic levels from Liaohe Estuary, China

Researchers collected organisms from multiple trophic levels at Liaohe Estuary, China, and measured microplastic ingestion across primary consumers, secondary consumers, and top predators, finding that MP abundance did not increase consistently with trophic level, suggesting complex feeding and depuration dynamics.

2021 The Science of The Total Environment 125 citations
Article Tier 2

Microplastics integrating the coastal planktonic community in the inner zone of the Río de la Plata estuary (South America)

Researchers found microplastics integrated into the coastal planktonic community in the inner Río de la Plata estuary in South America, characterizing the abundance, size, type, and color of plastic particles and examining their relationships with plankton size and morphology.

2018 Environmental Pollution 117 citations
Article Tier 2

Contrasting the effects of microplastic types, concentrations and nutrient enrichment on freshwater communities and ecosystem functioning

Researchers tested two types of microplastics, conventional polyethylene and biodegradable polylactic acid, in outdoor freshwater mesocosms and found that neither type significantly affected community composition or ecosystem functions like algae growth and leaf decomposition. Even at concentrations known to cause harm in lab settings, the microplastics had minimal impact when tested in more realistic ecological conditions. The study suggests that real-world microplastic effects on freshwater communities may differ from laboratory predictions.

2023 Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 34 citations
Article Tier 2

Do microplastics affect marine ecosystem productivity?

This study estimated the potential impact of microplastics on marine ecosystem productivity (algae and zooplankton growth) by synthesizing lab toxicity data. The analysis suggested that current environmental microplastic concentrations may reduce primary productivity in some ocean regions, with knock-on effects up the food chain.

2018 Marine Pollution Bulletin 73 citations
Article Tier 2

A multi-factor analysis evaluating the toxicity of microplastics on algal growth

This meta-analysis evaluated how microplastic characteristics such as polymer type, size, shape, and concentration influence algal growth, finding that effects range from inhibition to enhancement depending on multiple interacting factors.

2023 The Science of The Total Environment 14 citations