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Pengaruh Mikroplastik Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) Terhadap Profil Eritrosit Tikus Betina Galur Wistar
Summary
This animal study tested how PET microplastics (common in plastic bottles) affect blood cells in rats. Results showed that exposure to PET microplastics may lower red blood cell counts, hemoglobin, and hematocrit levels, suggesting potential effects on blood health that warrant further investigation in humans.
Plastik merupakan salah satu bahan yang dapat terdegradasi menjadi mikroplastik dan berpotensi mengganggu sistem hematologi. Beberapa penelitian menunjukkan bahwa paparan mikroplastik menyebabkan penurunan jumlah eritrosit, kadar hemoglobin, dan hematokrit. Penelitian mengenai efek toksik mikroplastik PET pada mamalia masih terbatas, sehingga penelitian ini perlu dilakukan untuk menganalisis pengaruh paparan mikroplastik PET terhadap jumlah eritrosit, hemoglobin, dan hematokrit tikus putih betina galur Wistar. Penelitian dilakukan dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap menggunakan 20 ekor tikus putih betina Wistar yang dibagi dalam 4 kelompok perlakuan dengan 5 ulangan: P0 (kontrol), P1 (0,005 mg/2 mL/hari), P2 (0,05 mg/2 mL/hari), dan P3 (0,25 mg/2 mL/hari) secara oral selama 24 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan nyata (P>0,05) antar kelompok perlakuan terhadap parameter hematologi. Nilai rata-rata parameter hematologi masih berada dalam kisaran normal. Paparan mikroplastik PET dengan dosis dan lama pemberian tersebut tidak berpotensi mengganggu proses hematopoiesis, sehingga jumlah eritrosit, kadar hemoglobin, dan hematokrit tikus putih betina galur Wistar tetap normal. Kebaruan penelitian ini terletak pada penentuan dosis mikroplastik serta pengaruhnya terhadap sistem hematologi. Penelitian ini bermanfaat sebagai sumber informasi mengenai efek toksisitas mikroplastik pada parameter hematologi mamalia. Plastic is a material that can degrade into microplastics and potentially disrupt the hematological system. Several studies have reported that microplastic exposure leads to a decrease in erythrocyte count, hemoglobin, and hematocrit levels. Research on the toxic effects of PET microplastics in mammals remains limited, making it necessary to analyze the impact of PET microplastic exposure on erythrocyte count, hemoglobin, and hematocrit of female Wistar rats. This study was conducted using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 20 female Wistar rats divided into 4 treatment groups with 5 replications: P0 (control), P1 (0.005 mg/2 mL/day), P2 (0.05 mg/2 mL/day), and P3 (0.25 mg/2 mL/day) administered orally for 24 days. The results showed no significant difference (P>0.05) between treatment and control groups in hematological parameters. The average values of hematological parameters remained within the normal range. PET microplastic exposure at the tested doses and duration did not interfere with the hematopoiesis process, indicating that erythrocyte count, hemoglobin concentration, and hematocrit levels of female Wistar rats were maintained within normal limits. The novelty of this study lies in the extrapolation of microplastic dosages and their effects on the hematological system. This research provides useful insights into the toxicological impact of microplastics on mammalian hematology.