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61,005 resultsShowing papers similar to Cross-Species Comparisons of Nanoparticle Interactions with Innate Immune Systems: A Methodological Review
ClearAddressing Nanomaterial Immunosafety by Evaluating Innate Immunity across Living Species
This review examines how engineered nanomaterials — including nanoplastics — interact with the immune systems of organisms ranging from plants to mammals. Innate immunity consistently responds to nanomaterial exposure across all tested species, suggesting broad biological significance.
Methodological Approaches To Assess Innate Immunity and Innate Memory in Marine Invertebrates and Humans
This methods review examines approaches for assessing innate immune responses and innate immune memory in marine invertebrates and humans, highlighting the evolutionary conservation of innate immunity across organisms. The authors argue that standardized methodologies bridging invertebrate and human immune assessments are needed to better predict long-term effects of contaminants including microplastics on immune function.
Probing the immune responses to nanoparticles across environmental species. A perspective of the EU Horizon 2020 project PANDORA
This perspective paper describes the EU PANDORA project's work examining how engineered nanoparticles affect immune responses in environmentally relevant animal species. The research aims to understand whether nanoparticle pollution can disrupt immune function across diverse organisms, with potential implications for ecosystem and human health.
The effect of nanomaterials on the innate immune system: therapeutic opportunities and immunological risks
This overview summarizes how nanomaterials — including nanoplastics — interact with the innate immune system, covering both therapeutic potential in drug delivery and diagnostic applications and the immunological risks of unintended nanomaterial exposure.
In Vitro and In Vivo Models to Assess the Immune-Related Effects of Nanomaterials
This review examines in vitro and in vivo models used to assess the immune effects of nanomaterials, comparing cell line, primary cell, and animal model approaches used by regulatory bodies to evaluate immunosafety of drugs, nanomaterials, and environmental contaminants including nanoplastics.
Micro-and Nanoplastic-Induced Biochemical Toxicity: Emerging Mechanisms and Health Risks Across Biological Systems
This comprehensive review synthesizes current understanding of how micro- and nanoplastics cause biochemical toxicity across biological systems, from plants and invertebrates to vertebrates and humans. Key mechanisms include oxidative stress, membrane disruption, immune activation, genotoxicity, endocrine disruption, and microbiome perturbation, all modulated by particle size, shape, and surface chemistry. The authors highlight critical gaps in standardization, chronic low-dose effect data, and the need for translatable biomarkers for risk assessment.
The Micronanoplastics-immune axis across organ systems: towards a research agenda
This review synthesizes current evidence on how micro- and nanoplastics interact with the immune system across multiple organ systems in the human body. Researchers examined the primary routes of exposure through inhalation, ingestion, and dermal contact, as well as the cellular mechanisms involved in immune response. The study highlights that microplastic-immune interactions may contribute to chronic inflammation and immune dysregulation, pointing to a need for standardized research frameworks.
Effect of micro- and nanoplastics as food contaminants on the immune system
This review synthesized research on how microplastic and nanoplastic exposure affects immune system function, finding evidence across multiple studies that these particles can modulate immune responses and trigger inflammatory pathways in exposed organisms. The authors highlight immune disruption as an emerging health concern from micro- and nanoplastic contamination.
Effects of Nanoplastics on Human Health: A Comprehensive Study
This comprehensive review examines the diverse health effects of nanoplastics, drawing on toxicology, environmental science, and epidemiology to document how these particles interact with human biological systems. The authors conclude that nanoplastics represent a growing public health concern requiring further investigation.
Immunotoxicity of nanomaterials in health and disease: Current challenges and emerging approaches for identifying immune modifiers in susceptible populations
This review examines emerging approaches for assessing the immunotoxicity of nanomaterials, including nanoplastics, with a focus on vulnerable populations. Researchers describe the evolution from simple cell models to advanced systems that more realistically mimic how the body interacts with nanoparticles, including the role of protein corona formation. The study highlights the need to understand how nanomaterial exposure may shift the immune system toward either inflammatory or tolerant states, using integrated experimental and computational methods.
Can evolutionary immunology decode micro and nanoplastic challenges?
This paper explores whether evolutionary immunology can help us understand how the human immune system responds to micro and nanoplastic particles, focusing on pattern recognition receptors that evolved to detect foreign invaders. The abstract is minimal, but the topic bridges what we know about innate immunity across species with the emerging challenge of plastic particle exposure. Understanding how our immune cells recognize and react to microplastics could be key to understanding the health effects of daily plastic exposure.
Nanoplastic Toxicity: Insights and Challenges from Experimental Model Systems
This review summarizes what researchers have learned about nanoplastic toxicity from studies in cell cultures, aquatic organisms, and terrestrial animals. Evidence indicates that nanoplastics can be internalized by cells through various mechanisms and their toxicity depends on factors like particle size, surface modifications, and concentration. The study identifies key knowledge gaps and recommends more systematic research to better understand the health risks these particles may pose to humans.
NLRP3 inflammasome as a sensor of micro- and nanoplastics immunotoxicity
This review examines how micro and nanoplastics may trigger the NLRP3 inflammasome, a key part of the human immune system that activates inflammatory responses when it detects harmful particles. Evidence suggests that plastic particles can penetrate tissue barriers and set off inflammation cascades similar to those caused by other known toxic particulates. Understanding this immune pathway is important for assessing the potential health effects of microplastic exposure in people.
The Impact of Nanoparticles on Innate Immune Activation by Live Bacteria
This review examined how nanoparticles — now a routine environmental exposure due to modern technology — interact with innate immune cells including monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells that evolved to detect microbial threats. Findings indicate that engineered nanoparticles can trigger innate immune activation, with potential consequences for chronic inflammation.
Nanoplastics - A Potential Threat To Human Health?
This thesis examined the inflammatory properties of nanoplastics in the context of both nanomedicine development and understanding health risks from nanomaterial waste. It evaluated whether nanoplastics could trigger immune responses in human cells, which is a key concern given increasing exposure through food and air.
Toxicity of metal-based nanoparticles: Challenges in the nano era
This review covers the toxic effects of metal-based nanoparticles on human health, including how they cause oxidative stress, inflammation, DNA damage, and organ dysfunction. While focused on engineered nanoparticles rather than microplastics directly, the toxicity pathways described overlap significantly with those triggered by nanoplastic exposure. Understanding these shared mechanisms helps explain how nano-scale particles of any kind, including nanoplastics, may harm the body.
Effect of Nanoplastics on Different Biological Systems
This review examines how nanoplastics affect multiple biological systems — including digestive, reproductive, nervous, and immune systems — synthesizing evidence that nanoplastics cross biological barriers and cause oxidative stress, inflammation, and physiological dysfunction across species.
Interaction between Macrophages and Nanoparticles: In Vitro 3D Cultures for the Realistic Assessment of Inflammatory Activation and Modulation of Innate Memory
This study examined how human monocytes and macrophages interact with engineered nanoparticles using in vitro 3D culture models that better replicate tissue conditions than standard 2D cultures. The findings provide a more realistic assessment of nanoparticle-triggered immune and inflammatory responses relevant to both safety evaluation and medical applications.
Microplastics in Humans: A Critical Review of Biomonitoring Evidence and Immune–Metabolic Associations
This review critically evaluates the current evidence on microplastic detection in human tissues and biological fluids, focusing on methodological challenges and the potential biological mechanisms of action. Researchers found significant variation across studies due to differences in analytical techniques and sample handling protocols. The study highlights emerging evidence linking microplastic presence in the body to immune and metabolic disruptions, while noting that standardized detection methods are urgently needed.
Key mechanisms of micro- and nanoplastic (MNP) toxicity across taxonomic groups
This review examines the key ways micro- and nanoplastics cause biological harm across different types of organisms, from bacteria to humans. Researchers identified several common toxicity mechanisms including cell membrane damage, reactive oxygen species generation, DNA damage, and disruption of cellular structures like lysosomes and mitochondria. The study found that toxicity depends heavily on particle size, surface characteristics, and polymer type, and that human cell studies provide especially valuable insights into potential health risks.
Microplásticos y nanoplásticos: mecanismos de bioacumulación y toxicidad
This systematic review summarizes current scientific evidence on how micro- and nanoplastics interact with living systems. It found that these tiny particles can accumulate in biological tissues and trigger toxic responses, underscoring growing concerns about their potential effects on human health.
Adverse outcome pathways and in vitro toxicology strategies for microplastics hazard testing
Researchers proposed using the adverse outcome pathway framework to systematically assess microplastic hazards to human health, identifying mechanistic parallels with other well-characterized stressors that can guide prioritization of in vitro testing strategies for particles of different sizes, shapes, and chemistries.
Microplastic toxicity: mechanisms, assessment methods, and future research directions
This review synthesizes current knowledge on microplastic toxicity mechanisms, integrating physical, chemical, and biological pathways into a unified framework. Researchers examined assessment methods across aquatic organisms, terrestrial species, and human cell models, identifying critical knowledge gaps and recommending standardized approaches for future microplastic toxicity research.
Comparative Metabolomic Approaches to Nanoplastic Toxicity in Mammalian and Aquatic Systems
This review compared metabolomic approaches used to characterize nanoplastic toxicity across mammalian and aquatic biological systems, synthesizing data on oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and metabolic pathway disruption. The authors found convergent metabolic signatures—particularly in amino acid and lipid metabolism—across diverse organisms, suggesting common toxicological mechanisms regardless of species.