Papers

61,005 results
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Article Tier 2

Extraction and identification of microplastics from mussels: Method development and preliminary results

Scientists developed and validated a method for extracting and identifying microplastics from mussel tissue, then applied it to measure contamination in commercially harvested mussels. The method produced reliable, reproducible results, providing a practical tool for monitoring microplastic levels in one of the world's most widely consumed shellfish.

2021 Italian Journal of Food Safety 19 citations
Article Tier 2

Microplastics in seafood: Benchmark protocol for their extraction and characterization

Researchers developed a benchmark protocol for extracting and characterizing microplastics from seafood samples, providing standardized methods to improve consistency and comparability across studies measuring human dietary exposure.

2016 Environmental Pollution 894 citations
Article Tier 2

Microplastics extraction from oyster tissue v1

Researchers developed and validated a protocol for extracting microplastics from oyster tissue, addressing the challenges of isolating plastic particles from a complex biological matrix that includes lipids, proteins, and mineral content. The method enables reliable quantification of microplastic contamination in bivalves — a widely consumed seafood and established bioindicator of coastal pollution — supporting standardised monitoring of microplastic uptake in marine food species.

2024
Article Tier 2

Selection and optimization of a protocol for extraction of microplastics from Mactra veneriformis

Researchers tested and optimized a protocol for extracting microplastics from the commercial clam Mactra veneriformis, finding 10% potassium hydroxide (KOH) was the best tissue-digesting agent while preserving plastic particles. The validated method was then applied to assess real-world microplastic contamination in commercially sold clams.

2020 The Science of The Total Environment 20 citations
Article Tier 2

Occurrence of microplastics in store-bought fresh and processed clams in Italy

Researchers measured microplastic occurrence in store-bought fresh and processed clam products in Italy, detecting particles in all examined products and finding higher concentrations in minimally processed compared to heavily processed clams.

2024 Marine Pollution Bulletin 7 citations
Article Tier 2

Optimization of an Analytical Protocol for the Extraction of Microplastics from Seafood Samples with Different Levels of Fat

Researchers optimized an analytical protocol for extracting microplastics from seafood samples with varying fat content, addressing a key methodological challenge in accurately quantifying microplastic contamination in marine food sources given the ubiquitous presence of plastic particles smaller than 5 mm in marine environments.

2022 2 citations
Article Tier 2

Assessment of Microplastics Contamination in Commericial Clams in the Coastal Zone of Vietnam

Microplastic contamination was assessed in commercially harvested clams from aquaculture farms in coastal Vietnam, a country where microplastic impacts on aquaculture are poorly understood. Both vertebrates and invertebrates in coastal areas were found to ingest microplastics, raising concerns about food safety in Vietnamese seafood.

2021 Applied Ecology and Environmental Research 12 citations
Article Tier 2

Microplastic Contamination from Ready-to-Cook Clams: Implications for Food Safety and Human Exposure

Researchers characterized microplastic contamination in ready-to-cook frozen clams from commercial sources, assessing particle morphology, chemical identity, and polymer hazard index, and estimated average daily intake for consumers to evaluate food safety implications of microplastic contamination in bivalve seafood.

2025 Foods
Article Tier 2

Dietary exposure to microplastic via shellfish and the importance of the edible shellfish tissue measurements

This study highlighted shellfish as a major source of human dietary exposure to micro- and nanoplastics, emphasizing the need for standardized analytical methods to enable comparable exposure assessments and risk characterizations across different countries and shellfish species.

2025
Article Tier 2

Development and optimization of a standard method for extraction of microplastics in mussels by enzyme digestion of soft tissues

Researchers optimized methods for digesting mussel soft tissue and extracting microplastics for analysis, finding that sodium hydroxide and enzymatic digestion both achieved high recoveries (~93%) while acid digestion damaged certain plastic types. The validated method provides a reliable protocol for monitoring microplastic contamination in commercially important bivalves.

2016 Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 317 citations
Article Tier 2

Investigation of Detection Method for Nanoplastics in Shellfish

Researchers investigated detection methods for nanoplastics in shellfish, evaluating analytical techniques capable of identifying and quantifying nanoscale plastic particles in bivalve tissues. The study addresses the methodological challenges of isolating and characterizing nanoplastics from complex biological matrices.

2024 Taipei Medical University Repository
Article Tier 2

Evaluation of Exposure to Microplastics and Nanoplastics Associated with the Consumption of Clam Chamelea Gallina

This PhD research project developed analytical protocols using Raman spectroscopy and pyrolysis-GC/MS to quantify microplastics and nanoplastics in the clam Chamelea gallina, enabling a preliminary assessment of human dietary exposure from consuming this commercially important mollusc.

2023 UniTERAMO Research Catalog (University of Teramo)
Article Tier 2

Application of Raman microspectroscopy for the characterization of microplastics in clam Chamelea gallina

Researchers developed an extraction and filtration protocol using Raman microspectroscopy to characterize microplastics down to 1 μm in the clam Chamelea gallina, optimizing filter selection based on recovery rate, filtration time, readability, and cost.

2025 UniTERAMO Research Catalog (University of Teramo)
Article Tier 2

Identification and quantification of microplastics in the clam Chamelea gallina using different analytical techniques

Researchers developed and compared protocols for extracting and quantifying microplastics in the clam Chamelea gallina using Raman microspectroscopy and analytical pyrolysis coupled with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS), documenting the advantages and limitations of each analytical technique.

2025 UniTERAMO Research Catalog (University of Teramo)
Article Tier 2

A high-performance protocol for extraction of microplastics in fish

Researchers developed and tested a high-performance protocol for extracting microplastics from fish tissue, achieving high recovery rates and providing a standardized approach for seafood contamination monitoring.

2016 The Science of The Total Environment 689 citations
Article Tier 2

Development and Validation of an Efficient Method for Processing Microplastics in Biota Samples

A new one-step laboratory method was developed to efficiently digest and extract microplastics from mussel and fish tissue samples. Standardized extraction methods are critical for making microplastic studies comparable across different labs and species.

2019 Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 46 citations
Article Tier 2

Optimisation of Small Microplastic Extraction and Quantification from Marine Tissues

Scientists developed a better way to find and count tiny plastic particles (called microplastics) inside sea creatures like mussels. This is important because these plastic pieces can build up in seafood that people eat, but until now it was hard for researchers to detect the smallest particles. The improved method will help scientists better track plastic pollution in our food chain and understand potential health risks.

2026
Article Tier 2

A new analytical approach for monitoring microplastics in marine sediments

Researchers developed a new analytical approach for monitoring microplastics specifically in marine sediments, improving extraction and identification steps to enable more reliable and standardized environmental monitoring of seafloor contamination.

2013 Environmental Pollution 1349 citations
Article Tier 2

Optimization of a protocol for the extraction and chemical characterization of microplastics in Chamelea gallina by Raman microspectroscopy

Researchers optimized an extraction and chemical characterization protocol for microplastics in bivalve molluscs, improving polymer identification through combined spectroscopic methods. The validated protocol provides a reliable approach for routine microplastic monitoring in shellfish used as bioindicators.

2024 Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Article Tier 2

Microplastic in marine environment: reworking and optimisation of two analytical protocols for the extraction of microplastics from sediments and oysters

Researchers improved existing protocols for extracting microplastics from both marine sediments and oysters, making the NOAA protocol more versatile and extending it to PET extraction. Validated extraction methods are essential for producing consistent, comparable data on microplastic contamination in seafood.

2020 MethodsX 40 citations
Article Tier 2

Optimization of a protocol for the extraction and chemical characterization of microplastics in Chamelea gallina by Raman microspectroscopy

Researchers developed and optimized a protocol for extracting and chemically characterizing microplastics from bivalve molluscs, which are widely used as bioindicators of coastal water quality. The protocol improved recovery rates and polymer identification compared to previously used methods.

2024 Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Article Tier 2

Evaluation and optimisation of sample preparation protocols suitable for the analysis of plastic particles present in seafood

Ten digestion protocols for extracting microplastics from seafood were compared across a broad range of species, evaluating their ability to fully digest tissue without damaging polymer integrity, providing a basis for selecting suitable methods for human exposure assessment.

2021 Food Control 37 citations
Article Tier 2

Extraction method development for nanoplastics from oyster and fish tissues

Researchers developed a method for extracting nanoplastics from oyster and fish tissues using enzymatic digestion, sequential membrane filtration, and purification steps, addressing a critical methodological gap for assessing nanoplastic contamination in seafood.

2021 The Science of The Total Environment 33 citations
Article Tier 2

Microplastic contamination in edible clams from popular recreational clam-digging sites in Hong Kong and implications for human health

Researchers examined 249 wild clams from recreational digging sites in Hong Kong and found that over 56% contained microplastics, averaging about one particle per individual. Based on consumption patterns, they estimated that Hong Kong residents may ingest over 14,000 microplastic particles annually from wild clam consumption alone. A risk assessment using a polymer hazard index indicated a medium level of concern for human health.

2023 The Science of The Total Environment 46 citations