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61,005 resultsShowing papers similar to A549 as an In Vitro Model to Evaluate the Impact of Microplastics in the Air
ClearPolystyrene microplastic particles: In vitro pulmonary toxicity assessment
Researchers tested the effects of polystyrene microplastics on human lung cells in the laboratory and found that the particles triggered inflammation and oxidative stress. The microplastics also weakened the protective barrier function of lung tissue by depleting key structural proteins. The study suggests that inhaling microplastics may increase the risk of respiratory problems by damaging the lung's natural defenses.
Cytotoxicity and Genotoxicity of Polystyrene Micro- and Nanoplastics with Different Size and Surface Modification in A549 Cells
Researchers tested polystyrene micro- and nanoplastics of different sizes and surface modifications on human lung cells to evaluate their potential toxicity. They found that particle size, surface chemistry, and how particles interact with surrounding biological fluids all significantly influenced cellular damage and DNA harm. The study highlights that the toxicity of plastic particles in humans depends on multiple physical and chemical properties, not just their presence.
In vitro evaluation of nanoplastics using human lung epithelial cells, microarray analysis and co-culture model
Researchers tested polystyrene nanoplastics on two types of human lung cells and found that the particles caused cell damage, oxidative stress, and inflammation-related gene changes at relatively low concentrations. Using a co-culture model that mimics the lung's layered structure, they showed that nanoplastics can trigger immune responses even in cells not directly exposed. The study suggests that inhaled nanoplastics may pose respiratory health risks through both direct toxicity and inflammatory signaling.
Polystyrene nanoparticles affect ultrastructure and surfactant proteins production in A549 cells grown under air-liquid interface conditions.
Researchers exposed lung cell cultures to polystyrene nanoparticles to assess effects on surfactant protein production and cellular ultrastructure. Polystyrene nanoparticles altered the production of surfactant proteins critical for lung function, raising concerns about respiratory health effects from inhaled plastic particles.
Internalization and toxicity: A preliminary study of effects of nanoplastic particles on human lung epithelial cell
Researchers studied the effects of polystyrene nanoplastic particles on human lung cells and found that the particles were internalized by the cells and caused dose-dependent toxicity. The nanoplastics triggered oxidative stress, inflammation, and disrupted normal cell function. The findings suggest that inhaling airborne nanoplastics may pose risks to respiratory health.
Atmospheric microplastic and nanoplastic: The toxicological paradigm on the cellular system
This review examines how airborne microplastics and nanoplastics affect human cells after being inhaled into the lungs. Because these particles are tiny and lightweight, they can penetrate deep into lung tissue and potentially enter the bloodstream. Studies on human cell lines show that inhaled plastic particles can cause inflammation, oxidative stress, and DNA damage, raising concerns about long-term respiratory and systemic health effects.
Cytotoxicity Assessment of Nanoplastics and Plasticizers Exposure in In Vitro Lung Cell Culture Systems—A Systematic Review
This systematic review evaluates how nanoplastics and plasticizers affect lung cells in laboratory studies. The research found that these tiny plastic particles and their chemical additives can damage respiratory tissue at the cellular level, triggering inflammation and cell death. These findings suggest that breathing in nanoplastics could pose real risks to lung health, though more research is needed to confirm effects in living humans.
Polystyrene nanoparticles affect ultrastructure and surfactant proteins production in A549 cells grown under air-liquid interface conditions.
This study examined how polystyrene nanoparticles affect the ultrastructure and surfactant protein production of lung cells, addressing occupational and environmental inhalation exposure risks. Nanoparticles disrupted cellular architecture and altered production of pulmonary surfactants critical for lung function, indicating potential respiratory harm from inhaled nanoplastics.
Exposure of Human Lung Cells to Polystyrene Microplastics Significantly Retards Cell Proliferation and Triggers Morphological Changes
When human lung cells were exposed to polystyrene microplastics in the lab, cell growth slowed dramatically and their shape changed noticeably, even though the cells did not die outright. The 1-micrometer particles were taken up inside the cells, suggesting that inhaled microplastics could physically enter lung tissue. This is the first study to show that airborne microplastics can simultaneously slow human cell growth and alter cell structure, raising concerns about long-term respiratory health effects.
Development of Apical-out Airway Organoids to Evaluate Respiratory Toxicity of Polystyrene Microplastics
Researchers developed apical-out airway organoids as an in vitro model to evaluate the respiratory toxicity of polystyrene microplastics, finding that microplastic exposure induced inflammation and barrier disruption in a model that better represents human airway exposure than standard cell cultures.
Polystyrene nanoplastics mediate oxidative stress, senescence, and apoptosis in a human alveolar epithelial cell line
A cell study found that polystyrene nanoplastics cause dose-dependent damage to human lung cells, triggering oxidative stress, premature cell aging, and cell death. These findings suggest that breathing in nanoplastics could harm lung tissue over time and potentially contribute to cancer risk from air pollution.
Airborne microplastics: A narrative review of potential effects on the human respiratory system
This review consolidates research on airborne microplastics and their potential effects on the human respiratory system. Studies show that inhaled microplastics can deposit in the lungs, trigger inflammation, cause oxidative stress, and lead to cell damage and death. While human exposure evidence is still limited, animal and cell studies suggest that long-term inhalation of airborne microplastics could pose significant risks to lung health.
The effect of microplastics on human lung cell lines
Researchers exposed three human lung cell lines—non-tumor WI-38, and tumor A549 and H1299—to polystyrene microspheres of 1.5 µm, 5 µm, and 10 µm diameters at concentrations of 1–1000 µg/mL. All cell lines showed increased proliferation at the highest concentrations and smallest particle sizes, with expression changes in cell cycle regulators AKT1, SMG1, and Caspase-9 suggesting complex size- and concentration-dependent cellular mechanisms.
Toxic effects of nanoplastics with different sizes and surface charges on epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in A549 cells and the potential toxicological mechanism
Researchers exposed human lung cells to polystyrene nanoplastics of different sizes and surface charges and found they triggered a process called epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, which is associated with the early stages of lung fibrosis. Smaller particles and those with positive surface charges caused the strongest effects, activating oxidative stress and inflammatory pathways. The study suggests that inhaled nanoplastics could contribute to respiratory health risks by promoting tissue scarring in the lungs.
Deleterious effects of microplastics and nanoplastics on rodent lungs: a systematic review
This systematic review summarizes research on how inhaled micro- and nanoplastics affect the lungs in animal studies. The findings show these particles can cause lung inflammation, tissue damage, and immune responses, suggesting that breathing in airborne microplastics may pose real risks to respiratory health.
Pulmonary hazards of nanoplastic particles: a study using polystyrene in in vitro models of the alveolar and bronchial epithelium
Lab tests on human lung cell models found that polystyrene nanoplastics did not cause immediate cell death but did interfere with key lung functions like surfactant and mucus production and immune signaling. This means standard toxicity tests may underestimate the real danger of inhaling nanoplastics, and researchers need to look beyond simple cell survival to understand the true health effects on the lungs.
122 Elucidating the Impact of Inhaled Micro-, Nanoplastics (MNPs) from Surgical Face Masks In Vitro
This in vitro study tested whether polypropylene particles shed from surgical face masks can harm human lung cells, finding that aerosolized mask-derived microplastics caused dose-dependent cell death, increased inflammatory markers (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8), and early signs of DNA damage. The results suggest that breathing particles released from plastic masks represents a real hazard to the respiratory system, though more research is needed to establish real-world exposure levels.
Developing a model to test microplastic impact on lung epithelial barriers formation and functionality
Researchers developed an air-liquid interface lung epithelial model using A549 cells on PET inserts to evaluate the impact of PET and polystyrene microplastics on the human lung barrier, characterizing transepithelial electrical resistance and permeability over time to establish a stable barrier model more representative of natural alveolar conditions than standard submerged culture.
Microplastic and plastic pollution: impact on respiratory disease and health
This review pulls together evidence from lab studies, animal experiments, and workplace exposure research showing that inhaled micro- and nanoplastics can affect lung tissue and may contribute to respiratory diseases. However, the authors stress that it remains unclear how much damage occurs at the levels of plastic particles people actually breathe in daily life, highlighting the need for better measurements of real-world exposure.
Nanoplastics from ground polyethylene terephthalate food containers: Genotoxicity in human lung epithelial A549 cells
This study tested nanoplastics made from ground-up PET food containers on human lung cells in the lab and found they caused DNA damage and increased harmful reactive oxygen species. Unlike most studies that use standard polystyrene particles, this research used real-world PET plastic from supermarket containers, making the results more relevant to actual human exposure. The findings suggest that inhaling tiny PET particles shed from everyday food packaging could pose a risk to lung health.
Evaluation of the pulmonary toxicity of PSNPs using a Transwell-based normal human bronchial epithelial cell culture system
Researchers used a Transwell air-liquid interface cell culture system to assess how polystyrene nanoplastics affect human bronchial epithelial cells, finding that even ultralow, non-cytotoxic doses triggered inflammatory signaling (NF-κB, NLRP3), while higher doses induced apoptosis and autophagy — suggesting nanoplastics pose a pulmonary health risk at ambient exposure levels.
Cytotoxicity analysis of polystyrene nanoplastics in the bronchial epithelial cell line BEAS-2B
Researchers exposed bronchial epithelial cells to europium-doped polystyrene nanoplastics to assess cytotoxicity in a model of the human airway. The nanoplastics caused dose-dependent cell death and inflammatory signaling, supporting concerns about respiratory health effects from inhaled plastic particles.
Cytotoxic Effects of Microplastics on Human Cells
This study reviewed and tested the cytotoxic effects of microplastics on human cells, finding that microplastic particles can cause cell damage, inflammation, and oxidative stress at relevant concentrations. The results support growing concern that microplastics ingested or inhaled by humans may pose direct health risks at the cellular level.
Tracing the cellular consequences of polyethylene microplastics: senescence and apoptosis in A549 and Raw 264.7 macrophage cells
Researchers exposed human lung epithelial cells (A549) and macrophages (Raw 264.7) to sub-500 nm polyethylene microplastics and found dose-dependent induction of cellular senescence and apoptosis. The results suggest that PE microplastic inhalation could contribute to premature lung cell aging and airway inflammation.