Papers

61,005 results
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Article Tier 2

Advances in understanding the reproductive toxicity of endocrine-disrupting chemicals in women

This review examines how endocrine-disrupting chemicals such as bisphenol A, phthalates, and triclosan may interfere with the female reproductive system. Evidence indicates that these chemicals, found widely in the environment, can disrupt hormone function and may contribute to adverse reproductive outcomes, though the precise mechanisms are still being studied.

2024 Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology 9 citations
Article Tier 2

REPRODUCTIVE TOXICOLOGY: Endocrine disruption and reproductive disorders: impacts on sexually dimorphic neuroendocrine pathways

This review summarized how endocrine-disrupting compounds — including plasticizers and persistent organic pollutants associated with plastics — interfere with sexually dimorphic neuroendocrine pathways governing reproduction, highlighting evidence for multigenerational effects and windows of particular developmental vulnerability.

2021 Reproduction 34 citations
Article Tier 2

The Impact of Endocrine Disruptions on Animal and Human Organism

This review examines how endocrine-disrupting chemicals, including bisphenol A, phthalates, and micro- and nanoplastics, interfere with hormonal balance in animals and humans. Researchers describe how these substances interact with hormone receptors, induce epigenetic changes, and disrupt cell signaling pathways affecting reproduction, metabolism, and neurological function. The study highlights that nanoparticles, including microplastics, may amplify endocrine disruption and calls for more research into the molecular pathways involved.

2025 Journal of Microbiology Biotechnology and Food Sciences 1 citations
Article Tier 2

Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals and the Offsprings: Prenatal Exposure

This review examines prenatal exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals, synthesizing evidence from international regulatory agencies and research groups on how maternal environmental chemical exposure affects fetal development and offspring health outcomes.

2023 2 citations
Article Tier 2

The effects of endocrine disruptors on the female reproductive system

This review examined how endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), including those associated with plastics, affect the female reproductive system by interfering with the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis. The authors summarize evidence linking EDC exposure to disrupted hormone signaling, impaired fertility, and increased risk of reproductive disorders.

2025 TURKISH JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES
Article Tier 2

A review of the endocrine disrupting effects of micro and nano plastic and their associated chemicals in mammals

This review summarizes how micro- and nanoplastics carry hormone-disrupting chemicals that can interfere with the thyroid, reproductive organs, and other parts of the endocrine system in mammals. Because these chemicals are not tightly bound to the plastic, they can leach into milk, water, and food, potentially disrupting hormone function in humans who consume them.

2023 Frontiers in Endocrinology 289 citations
Article Tier 2

Cellular Mechanisms of Endocrine Disruption

This review examines the cellular mechanisms through which endocrine-disrupting compounds interfere with hormonal signalling, contextualising the problem within the massive expansion of industrial chemical production since industrialisation and the incorporation of many synthetic chemicals into global commerce.

2023 3 citations
Article Tier 2

Implications of environmental toxicants on ovarian follicles: how it can adversely affect the female fertility?

This review examines how environmental toxicants, including endocrine disrupting chemicals, heavy metals, agrochemicals, and chemicals used in plastic and cosmetic industries, can adversely affect female fertility. Researchers found that these substances can interfere with follicle development and lead to conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome, premature ovarian insufficiency, and meiotic defects. The study highlights the difficulty of isolating individual risk factors since multiple toxicants often share common pathways of reproductive harm.

2021 Environmental Science and Pollution Research 61 citations
Article Tier 2

Environmental Chemicals and Female Reproductive Health: Unraveling Mechanisms and Societal Impacts — A Narrative Review

This narrative review examined how per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, heavy metals, pesticides, microplastics, and other environmental chemicals disrupt female reproductive health through mechanisms including oxidative stress, hormonal disruption, and epigenetic modifications. The authors reviewed impacts on ovarian function, menstrual regularity, fertility, and pregnancy outcomes.

2025 Clinical and Experimental Obstetrics & Gynecology
Article Tier 2

Micro- and Nanoplastics as Disruptors of the Endocrine System—A Review of the Threats and Consequences Associated with Plastic Exposure

This review summarizes how micro- and nanoplastics carry endocrine-disrupting chemicals that interfere with hormones controlling reproduction, thyroid function, metabolism, and brain development. The reproductive system is especially vulnerable, with studies showing that plastic particle exposure can cause oxidative stress, cell death, and infertility, raising serious concerns given how widespread these particles are in food and the environment.

2025 International Journal of Molecular Sciences 18 citations
Article Tier 2

Impact of Chemical Endocrine Disruptors and Hormone Modulators on the Endocrine System

This review examines how endocrine-disrupting chemicals, including those found in plastics, interfere with the body's hormone systems through both direct and indirect pathways. Researchers found that long-term exposure to these substances can affect reproductive health, metabolism, and development, with physical stressors like light and temperature also playing a role. The study highlights the complexity of endocrine disruption and the need for broader research into non-chemical factors as well.

2022 International Journal of Molecular Sciences 143 citations
Article Tier 2

Plasticisers: A Potential Reproductive-toxicant for Humans

This review examines plasticizers, particularly phthalates and bisphenols, as reproductive toxicants in humans, summarizing evidence that these chemicals leach from plastics and disrupt endocrine function, affecting fertility and fetal development. The authors highlight the need for stricter regulation given widespread human exposure through food packaging, personal care products, and household items.

2022 Chettinad Health City Medical Journal 8 citations
Article Tier 2

Endokrinine sistema ardantys junginiai aplinkoje: įtakojantys moteru reprodukcine sveikata

This Lithuanian-language review examines endocrine-disrupting compounds found in plastics and industrial chemicals, focusing on their effects on women's reproductive health including hormone disruption, fertility impairment, and risks during pregnancy.

2025 Lithuanian University of Health Sciences
Article Tier 2

Impact of environmental toxin exposure on male fertility potential

This review examines how environmental toxin exposures, including endocrine-disrupting chemicals found in plastics, may contribute to declining male fertility. Researchers found consistent evidence linking exposure to phthalates, bisphenol A, and other synthetic chemicals to reduced sperm quality and hormonal disruption. The study suggests that the dramatic increase in human chemical exposures over recent decades may be a significant factor in the observed decline in male reproductive health.

2020 Translational Andrology and Urology 158 citations
Article Tier 2

A critical review on male-female reproductive and developmental toxicity induced by micro-plastics and nano-plastics through different signaling pathways.

This critical review examined how micro- and nanoplastics disrupt male and female reproductive systems and fetal development through multiple signaling pathways, including endocrine disruption, oxidative stress, and epigenetic modification, based on animal and cell studies.

2024 Chemico-biological interactions
Article Tier 2

Concerning influences of micro/nano plastics on female reproductive health: focusing on cellular and molecular pathways from animal models to human studies

This review summarizes research showing that micro- and nanoplastics can harm the female reproductive system in multiple ways, from reducing ovarian reserves and disrupting hormone balance to accumulating in the placenta and breast milk. Animal studies show these particles trigger oxidative stress and inflammation in reproductive tissues, and human studies have confirmed their presence in placental tissue and infant feces, raising concerns about effects on fertility and fetal development.

2024 Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology 38 citations
Article Tier 2

The detrimental effect of microplastics on critical periods of development in the neuroendocrine system

This review examines how bisphenol-A and phthalates — two classes of plastic-associated chemicals — disrupt the developing neuroendocrine system, particularly during critical developmental windows, with implications for hormone disruption and neurological health.

2020 Birth Defects Research 68 citations
Article Tier 2

Reproductive Impact of Natural, Synthetic and Emerging Chemicals on Wildlife and Domestic Animals.

This review examined how natural, synthetic, and emerging chemical contaminants — including legacy pesticides, flame retardants, plasticizers, and pharmaceuticals — disrupt reproduction and development in wildlife and domestic animals, emphasizing growing concerns about multi-chemical cocktail exposures.

2026 Advances in experimental medicine and biology
Article Tier 2

The hidden threat: Unraveling the impact of microplastics on reproductive health

This review summarizes how microplastics disrupt the reproductive system in both males and females by interfering with hormone signaling, damaging the blood-testis barrier, impairing sperm production, and causing problems in the ovaries and uterus. The authors also note that microplastic exposure may affect offspring development, including their future reproductive capacity and metabolism.

2024 The Science of The Total Environment 71 citations
Article Tier 2

Nanoplastics as Gene and Epigenetic Modulators of Endocrine Functions: A Perspective

This review summarizes how nanoplastics act as endocrine disruptors, interfering with thyroid and sex hormones in animal studies and causing DNA and epigenetic changes that could be passed to future generations. With nanoplastics already detected in human breast milk and placenta, the research underscores the need for more studies on how chronic exposure may affect human hormone function and reproductive health.

2025 International Journal of Molecular Sciences 12 citations
Article Tier 2

Studies of Endocrine Disruptors: Nonylphenol and Isomers in Biological Models

This review evaluates the toxic effects of nonylphenol and nonylphenol ethoxylates, widely used industrial chemicals that degrade to endocrine-disrupting compounds, across multiple biological models including aquatic organisms, summarizing their role as environmental contaminants and neurotoxic agents.

2023 Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 24 citations
Article Tier 2

Nano and microplastics: unveiling their profound impact on endocrine health

This review summarizes existing research showing that micro- and nanoplastics can disrupt the endocrine (hormone) system, altering reproductive hormones, thyroid function, and gene expression in lab and animal studies. Exposure to these particles triggered inflammation markers and oxidative stress in hormone-producing organs, suggesting that widespread plastic pollution may be contributing to rising rates of hormonal and reproductive health problems.

2025 Toxicology Mechanisms and Methods 18 citations
Review Tier 2

"Unseen Dangers: The Effects of Micro- and Nanoplastics on Human Reproductive Health - A Narrative Review"

This review examines the effects of micro- and nanoplastics on human reproductive health, covering evidence from in vitro, animal, and epidemiological studies showing that plastic particles can disrupt hormone signaling, sperm function, ovarian development, and placental integrity.

2025 Recent Advances in Inflammation & Allergy Drug Discovery
Article Tier 2

Phthalate exposure and risk of ovarian dysfunction in endometriosis: human and animal data

Researchers explored the link between phthalate exposure and ovarian dysfunction in endometriosis patients, using both human clinical data and animal models to identify potential mechanisms by which these environmental endocrine disruptors impair reproductive function.

2023 Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology 9 citations