Papers

61,005 results
|
Article Tier 2

The effects of endocrine disruptors on the female reproductive system

This review examined how endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), including those associated with plastics, affect the female reproductive system by interfering with the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis. The authors summarize evidence linking EDC exposure to disrupted hormone signaling, impaired fertility, and increased risk of reproductive disorders.

2025 TURKISH JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES
Article Tier 2

The Impact of Endocrine Disruptions on Animal and Human Organism

This review examines how endocrine-disrupting chemicals, including bisphenol A, phthalates, and micro- and nanoplastics, interfere with hormonal balance in animals and humans. Researchers describe how these substances interact with hormone receptors, induce epigenetic changes, and disrupt cell signaling pathways affecting reproduction, metabolism, and neurological function. The study highlights that nanoparticles, including microplastics, may amplify endocrine disruption and calls for more research into the molecular pathways involved.

2025 Journal of Microbiology Biotechnology and Food Sciences 1 citations
Article Tier 2

Plasticisers: A Potential Reproductive-toxicant for Humans

This review examines plasticizers, particularly phthalates and bisphenols, as reproductive toxicants in humans, summarizing evidence that these chemicals leach from plastics and disrupt endocrine function, affecting fertility and fetal development. The authors highlight the need for stricter regulation given widespread human exposure through food packaging, personal care products, and household items.

2022 Chettinad Health City Medical Journal 8 citations
Article Tier 2

Plastics and its effect to women reproductive systems

This article reviews how plastic pollution, including microplastics and the hormone-disrupting chemicals they contain, may affect women's reproductive health. It connects widespread plastic use to endocrine disruption, menstrual irregularities, and fertility concerns, though much of the evidence comes from laboratory and animal studies.

2020 Majalah Obstetri & Ginekologi 2 citations
Article Tier 2

Micro- and Nanoplastics as Disruptors of the Endocrine System—A Review of the Threats and Consequences Associated with Plastic Exposure

This review summarizes how micro- and nanoplastics carry endocrine-disrupting chemicals that interfere with hormones controlling reproduction, thyroid function, metabolism, and brain development. The reproductive system is especially vulnerable, with studies showing that plastic particle exposure can cause oxidative stress, cell death, and infertility, raising serious concerns given how widespread these particles are in food and the environment.

2025 International Journal of Molecular Sciences 18 citations
Article Tier 2

Environmental Chemicals and Female Reproductive Health: Unraveling Mechanisms and Societal Impacts — A Narrative Review

This narrative review examined how per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, heavy metals, pesticides, microplastics, and other environmental chemicals disrupt female reproductive health through mechanisms including oxidative stress, hormonal disruption, and epigenetic modifications. The authors reviewed impacts on ovarian function, menstrual regularity, fertility, and pregnancy outcomes.

2025 Clinical and Experimental Obstetrics & Gynecology
Article Tier 2

Impact of Chemical Endocrine Disruptors and Hormone Modulators on the Endocrine System

This review examines how endocrine-disrupting chemicals, including those found in plastics, interfere with the body's hormone systems through both direct and indirect pathways. Researchers found that long-term exposure to these substances can affect reproductive health, metabolism, and development, with physical stressors like light and temperature also playing a role. The study highlights the complexity of endocrine disruption and the need for broader research into non-chemical factors as well.

2022 International Journal of Molecular Sciences 143 citations
Article Tier 2

A review of the endocrine disrupting effects of micro and nano plastic and their associated chemicals in mammals

This review summarizes how micro- and nanoplastics carry hormone-disrupting chemicals that can interfere with the thyroid, reproductive organs, and other parts of the endocrine system in mammals. Because these chemicals are not tightly bound to the plastic, they can leach into milk, water, and food, potentially disrupting hormone function in humans who consume them.

2023 Frontiers in Endocrinology 289 citations
Article Tier 2

Phthalate exposure and risk of ovarian dysfunction in endometriosis: human and animal data

Researchers explored the link between phthalate exposure and ovarian dysfunction in endometriosis patients, using both human clinical data and animal models to identify potential mechanisms by which these environmental endocrine disruptors impair reproductive function.

2023 Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology 9 citations
Article Tier 2

Concerning influences of micro/nano plastics on female reproductive health: focusing on cellular and molecular pathways from animal models to human studies

This review summarizes research showing that micro- and nanoplastics can harm the female reproductive system in multiple ways, from reducing ovarian reserves and disrupting hormone balance to accumulating in the placenta and breast milk. Animal studies show these particles trigger oxidative stress and inflammation in reproductive tissues, and human studies have confirmed their presence in placental tissue and infant feces, raising concerns about effects on fertility and fetal development.

2024 Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology 38 citations
Article Tier 2

Imprinting and Reproductive Health: A Toxicological Perspective

This review discusses how exposure to environmental chemicals during fetal development can disrupt the biological process of imprinting, leading to lifelong effects on reproductive health. The study suggests that chemicals mimicking natural estrogens, found in industrial byproducts, pesticides, and consumer products, can interfere with neuroendocrine signaling during critical developmental windows.

2023 International Journal of Molecular Sciences 6 citations
Article Tier 2

Implications of environmental toxicants on ovarian follicles: how it can adversely affect the female fertility?

This review examines how environmental toxicants, including endocrine disrupting chemicals, heavy metals, agrochemicals, and chemicals used in plastic and cosmetic industries, can adversely affect female fertility. Researchers found that these substances can interfere with follicle development and lead to conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome, premature ovarian insufficiency, and meiotic defects. The study highlights the difficulty of isolating individual risk factors since multiple toxicants often share common pathways of reproductive harm.

2021 Environmental Science and Pollution Research 61 citations
Article Tier 2

REPRODUCTIVE TOXICOLOGY: Endocrine disruption and reproductive disorders: impacts on sexually dimorphic neuroendocrine pathways

This review summarized how endocrine-disrupting compounds — including plasticizers and persistent organic pollutants associated with plastics — interfere with sexually dimorphic neuroendocrine pathways governing reproduction, highlighting evidence for multigenerational effects and windows of particular developmental vulnerability.

2021 Reproduction 34 citations
Article Tier 2

Cellular Mechanisms of Endocrine Disruption

This review examines the cellular mechanisms through which endocrine-disrupting compounds interfere with hormonal signalling, contextualising the problem within the massive expansion of industrial chemical production since industrialisation and the incorporation of many synthetic chemicals into global commerce.

2023 3 citations
Article Tier 2

Endocrine-Disrupting Compounds: An Overview on Their Occurrence in the Aquatic Environment and Human Exposure

This review examines how endocrine-disrupting compounds, including plastic-derived chemicals like phthalates and bisphenol A, accumulate in water sources worldwide. Researchers found these substances are now detectable even in drinking water, raising concerns about human exposure through the food chain. Several studies have linked exposure to these chemicals with reproductive and metabolic health issues, though more research is needed to fully understand the risks.

2021 Water 233 citations
Article Tier 2

Endokrinine sistema ardantys junginiai aplinkoje: įtakojantys moteru reprodukcine sveikata

This Lithuanian-language review examines endocrine-disrupting compounds found in plastics and industrial chemicals, focusing on their effects on women's reproductive health including hormone disruption, fertility impairment, and risks during pregnancy.

2025 Lithuanian University of Health Sciences
Article Tier 2

Endocrine disrupting chemicals in indoor dust: A review of temporal and spatial trends, and human exposure

This review examines endocrine-disrupting chemicals found in indoor house dust, including phthalates, flame retardants, bisphenols, and PFAS, many of which come from plastic products. Even though some of these chemicals have been banned, they are still widely detected in dust, while their replacement chemicals are showing up at increasing levels. The findings are relevant to microplastic concerns because many of these hormone-disrupting chemicals are the same additives found in plastics that leach out as microplastics break down.

2023 The Science of The Total Environment 80 citations
Article Tier 2

Endocrine-disruptor endpoints in the ovary and thyroid of adult female rats exposed to realistic doses of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate

Female rats injected with daily doses of DEHP for 21 days showed disrupted ovarian follicle development and altered thyroid gland structure at doses within the range of human environmental exposure. The results provide experimental evidence that DEHP acts as an endocrine disruptor targeting both reproductive and thyroid hormonal axes in females.

2022 Journal of Water and Health 9 citations
Article Tier 2

Implications of plastic-derived endocrine disruptors on human health

This review summarizes how chemicals released from plastics, known as endocrine disruptors, can interfere with the body's hormone systems. Common substances like BPA and phthalates mimic or block hormones, contributing to obesity, diabetes, reproductive problems, and developmental issues in children. Micro- and nanoplastics make the problem worse because they can release these hormone-disrupting chemicals inside the body after being ingested or inhaled.

2025 Toxicology Mechanisms and Methods 7 citations
Clinical Trial Tier 1

A review of the impact of micro‐ and nanoplastics on female reproduction: What we know and gaps in knowledge

This review examines what is known about how micro- and nanoplastics affect female reproductive health. Animal studies show these particles accumulate in ovarian tissue, disrupt hormones, and cause oxidative stress, leading to hormonal imbalances and ovarian damage, though research in humans is still limited.

2025 International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics
Article Tier 2

Threats of nano/microplastics to reproduction and offspring: Potential mechanisms and perspectives

This review summarized the evidence on how nano- and microplastics threaten reproduction and offspring health across multiple species, including fish, invertebrates, and mammals. The authors outlined potential mechanisms by which these plastic particles disrupt endocrine function, gonadal development, and embryonic development.

2024 Journal of Toxicological Studies 1 citations
Article Tier 2

Bisphenol A-an Overview on its Effect on Health and Environment

This review synthesized evidence on bisphenol A (BPA) — a chemical used in polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins — covering its sources of human exposure, endocrine-disrupting mechanisms, and associations with metabolic, reproductive, and developmental health outcomes.

2021 Biointerface Research in Applied Chemistry 28 citations
Article Tier 2

Impact of environmental toxin exposure on male fertility potential

This review examines how environmental toxin exposures, including endocrine-disrupting chemicals found in plastics, may contribute to declining male fertility. Researchers found consistent evidence linking exposure to phthalates, bisphenol A, and other synthetic chemicals to reduced sperm quality and hormonal disruption. The study suggests that the dramatic increase in human chemical exposures over recent decades may be a significant factor in the observed decline in male reproductive health.

2020 Translational Andrology and Urology 158 citations
Article Tier 2

Nano and microplastics: unveiling their profound impact on endocrine health

This review summarizes existing research showing that micro- and nanoplastics can disrupt the endocrine (hormone) system, altering reproductive hormones, thyroid function, and gene expression in lab and animal studies. Exposure to these particles triggered inflammation markers and oxidative stress in hormone-producing organs, suggesting that widespread plastic pollution may be contributing to rising rates of hormonal and reproductive health problems.

2025 Toxicology Mechanisms and Methods 18 citations