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61,005 resultsShowing papers similar to From plankton to fish: The multifaceted threat of microplastics in freshwater environments
ClearEcotoxicity of microplastics to freshwater biota: Considering exposure and hazard across trophic levels
This review examines the toxic effects of microplastics on freshwater organisms across multiple levels of the food web, from biofilms and plankton to fish and amphibians. Researchers found evidence of harm in several species, though effects varied widely depending on particle size, type, and concentration. The study highlights that freshwater microplastic toxicity is still poorly understood compared to marine environments and calls for more standardized research.
Effects of microplastics in freshwater fishes health and the implications for human health
This review examines how microplastics affect the health of freshwater fish, which are a major protein source for billions of people. Fish ingest microplastics that accumulate in their guts, gills, and tissues, leading to inflammation, oxidative stress, and disrupted growth. Since microplastics in fish tissue can transfer to humans through the food chain, this is relevant to both ecosystem and human health.
The Hidden Poison: How Microplastics and Nanoplastics Threaten the Health of Aquatic Organisms Across Ecosystems
This review synthesizes evidence on how microplastics and nanoplastics interact with aquatic organisms at molecular, cellular, and systemic levels across diverse ecosystems. The study highlights documented effects including oxidative stress, mitochondrial damage, neurotoxicity, immune disruption, and reproductive impairment across a wide range of aquatic species.
Micro(nano)plastics Prevalence, Food Web Interactions, and Toxicity Assessment in Aquatic Organisms: A Review
This review examines the prevalence of micro- and nanoplastics across aquatic environments and their documented toxic effects on organisms ranging from plankton to fish, including DNA damage, reproductive harm, and neurotoxicity. Researchers found clear evidence that these particles transfer through aquatic food webs and can ultimately reach humans through seafood consumption. The study calls for more research into how microplastics carrying multiple contaminants cause combined toxic effects in marine organisms.
From marine to freshwater environment: A review of the ecotoxicological effects of microplastics
This review summarizes research on how microplastics affect aquatic organisms in both saltwater and freshwater environments. Microplastics cause a range of harmful effects including behavioral changes, metabolic disruption, immune suppression, and reproductive problems in fish, shellfish, and plankton. The review highlights that freshwater species have been studied far less than marine ones, even though freshwater ecosystems are often closer to pollution sources and more directly connected to human water supplies.
Assessing the Effects of Microplastics on Freshwater Fish
This review examines the growing body of research on how microplastics affect freshwater fish, documenting evidence of ingestion, tissue damage, immune system impairment, and gastrointestinal obstruction across multiple species. Researchers highlight that microplastics from personal care products and degraded plastic goods are accumulating in freshwater ecosystems at concerning rates. The study warns that combined with existing threats like overfishing and habitat loss, microplastic pollution could accelerate population declines in vulnerable fish species.
Microplastics in Aquatic Ecosystems: A Review of Ecotoxicological Effects, Exposure Pathways and Trophic Transfer Risks
This review synthesises evidence on the ecotoxicological effects of microplastics in marine, freshwater, and estuarine environments, covering ingestion, bioaccumulation, trophic transfer, and physiological harms across aquatic fauna. It identifies chemical co-contamination and particle size as key modulators of toxicity.
Progress in the Study of Toxic Effects of Microplastics on Organisms in Freshwater Environments and Human Health
This review summarizes the toxic effects of microplastics on algae, aquatic animals, and human health in freshwater environments. Microplastics harm freshwater organisms through oxidative stress, inflammation, and disruption of normal biological functions, with effects that can accumulate up the food chain. The study highlights the urgent need for better plastic waste management to protect both freshwater ecosystems and the human communities that depend on them.
Microplastics in the environment: A critical overview on its fate, toxicity, implications, management, and bioremediation strategies
This review provides a broad overview of microplastic pollution, covering how these particles enter freshwater systems, accumulate in organisms, and carry toxic chemicals through the food chain. With approximately 360 million tons of plastic produced globally each year and only 7% recycled, microplastics have become a pervasive threat to water quality and, by extension, human health.
A comprehensive review of the impact of microplastics on aquatic organisms: From ingestion to ecological consequences
This comprehensive review assessed the impacts of microplastics on diverse aquatic organisms—including fish, marine mammals, mollusks, crustaceans, and microorganisms—from ingestion through ecological-level consequences. The authors found that microplastics cause physical injury, oxidative stress, endocrine disruption, and behavioral changes across taxa, with downstream effects on food web structure and ecosystem function.
Microplastic Pollutants in Aquatic Ecosystems: Present and Future Challenges
This review synthesizes evidence on microplastics as a widespread and growing contaminant found across marine, freshwater, terrestrial, and atmospheric environments. Organisms at every level of the food chain ingest microplastics, which cause physical harm, oxidative stress, and reproductive disruption, while also acting as carriers for toxic chemicals and pathogens. For humans, exposure via contaminated food, water, and air is well-documented — microplastics have been found in blood and tissues — though direct causal health links are still being established, making further research a priority.
The organism fate of inland freshwater system under micro-/nano-plastic pollution: A review of past decade.
This review synthesized a decade of research on how micro- and nano-plastics affect freshwater organisms including microalgae, macrophytes, zooplankton, benthic invertebrates, and fish, finding that impacts range from impaired photosynthesis and oxidative stress to reproductive disruption and behavioral changes across multiple biological levels.
Microplastic Exposure Across Trophic Levels: Effects on the Host Microbiota of Freshwater Organisms
Researchers investigated how microplastic exposure affects the gut bacteria communities of freshwater organisms including fish, invertebrates, and crustaceans. Microplastics—particularly when combined with pesticides—altered gut microbiota composition, which could impair digestion, immunity, and overall health of freshwater species.
Understanding the sources, fate and effects of microplastics in aquatic environments with a focus on risk profiling in aquaculture systems
This review summarizes how microplastics enter aquaculture systems and accumulate in farmed fish, causing toxic effects including immune disruption, oxidative stress, and genetic damage. Since farmed fish are a major food source, the buildup of microplastics in aquaculture poses a direct pathway for these particles to reach human diets.
Microplastics in freshwater systems: A review on occurrence, environmental effects, and methods for microplastics detection
This review summarizes the current understanding of microplastic contamination in freshwater systems, from sources like wastewater treatment plants to their effects on aquatic life. Researchers note that microplastics can carry toxic chemicals and have been shown to cause intestinal damage and metabolic changes in fish. The paper highlights that freshwater microplastic pollution is a significant and growing concern that warrants more research attention.
Microplastics in Freshwater Ecosystems: Sources, Transport and Ecotoxicological Impacts on Aquatic Life and Human Health
This review summarizes how microplastics enter freshwater ecosystems from sources like industrial runoff, urban waste, and agriculture, and how they accumulate in sediments where aquatic organisms ingest them. Researchers found that microplastics reduce feeding efficiency, inhibit growth, and harm reproduction in freshwater species, while also acting as carriers for toxic chemicals that build up through the food chain. The study highlights the need for better waste management and further research to understand the full scope of risks to both aquatic life and human health.
Global meta‐analysis reveals diverse effects of microplastics on freshwater and marine fishes
This systematic review and meta-analysis examines the effects of microplastics on fish in both freshwater and ocean environments. The findings show that microplastics reduce feeding, impair digestion, slow growth, and weaken immune function in fish, which is concerning because contaminated fish are a major food source for people worldwide.
Ecotoxicological effects of microplastics on biota: a review
This review examines the ecological impact of microplastics on organisms across different levels of the food chain, from plankton to fish. Researchers found that microplastic exposure triggers a range of harmful effects including oxidative stress, immune disruption, reproductive problems, and altered feeding behavior. The evidence suggests that microplastics pose a widespread toxicological threat to wildlife, though more research is needed to understand the long-term population-level consequences.
Microplastic Pollution – An Emerging Concern for Freshwaters: Effects and Overcome to Microplastic Pollution
This review addresses microplastic impacts on freshwater ecosystems, covering morphological and physiological toxicity to fish, food chain implications, and potential strategies to mitigate plastic pollution in urban water bodies.
Examine How Microplastics and Macroplastics in Freshwater and Marine Habitats Affect Aquatic Species and Ecosystems
This review examines how both microplastics and macroplastics harm aquatic organisms and ecosystems in freshwater and marine environments, summarizing evidence of physical injury, chemical toxicity, and food web disruption.
Exploring the ecotoxicological impacts of microplastics on freshwater fish: A critical review
This review examines how microplastics affect freshwater fish, which often mistake the tiny particles for food. Once ingested, microplastics do not stay in the gut -- they enter the bloodstream and spread to the gills, liver, brain, heart, and reproductive organs, causing hormonal, immune, neurological, and reproductive problems. Because microplastics build up in the food chain, the contamination of fish has broader implications for other animals and for people who eat freshwater fish.
Toxicological Research on Nano and Microplastics in Environmental Pollution: Current Advances and Future Directions
This review summarizes existing research on how nano- and microplastics from our massive global plastic production enter aquatic environments, absorb harmful chemicals, and move through food chains into living organisms. Studies show these particles can cause brain damage, disrupt metabolism, trigger inflammation, and produce harmful oxidative stress in aquatic species, with microplastics even detected in commercial fish that people eat.
Microplastics in aquatic environments: A review on occurrence, distribution, toxic effects, and implications for human health
This review examines the global occurrence of microplastics in aquatic environments and their potential impacts on both aquatic organisms and human health. Researchers found that microplastics are now present in virtually all freshwater and marine systems, where they cause a range of harmful effects including oxidative stress, inflammation, and reproductive disruption in aquatic species. The study highlights trophic transfer, where microplastics move up the food chain, as a key pathway of human exposure.
Impacts of microplastic accumulation in aquatic environment: Physiological, eco-toxicological, immunological, and neurotoxic effects
This review summarizes how microplastics build up in fish and other aquatic life, causing damage to their immune systems, nervous systems, and overall health. When fish eat microplastics, the particles move up the food chain and can eventually reach humans through seafood consumption. The authors also discuss strategies for removing microplastics from water and reducing plastic pollution.