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61,005 resultsShowing papers similar to Determination of microplastics in municipal wastewater treatment plant effluents and sludge using micro-Raman spectroscopy
ClearDetermination of the microplastics emission in the effluent of a municipal waste water treatment plant using Raman microspectroscopy
Raman microspectroscopy was used to measure microplastic concentrations in the effluent of a wastewater treatment plant in Germany, finding that even after secondary treatment, thousands of microplastic particles per day were discharged into the receiving water body. The study underscores that conventional wastewater treatment is insufficient to prevent microplastics from entering aquatic environments.
Microplastics in the Florence wastewater treatment plant studied by a continuous sampling method and Raman spectroscopy: A preliminary investigation
Researchers used continuous sampling and Raman spectroscopy to track microplastics through a Florence wastewater treatment plant, finding that the plant reduces but does not eliminate microplastic loads, with effluent contributing a quantifiable flux to the receiving river.
Quantifying and identifying microplastics in the effluent of advanced wastewater treatment systems using Raman microspectroscopy
Researchers developed a new method combining chemical digestion and Raman microspectroscopy to identify and quantify microplastics in advanced wastewater treatment effluents, finding large numbers of particles smaller than 10 μm in reverse osmosis, nanofiltration, and activated carbon filtration outputs with polyethylene as the most common polymer.
Do drinking water plants retain microplastics? An exploratory study using Raman micro-spectroscopy
Researchers quantified microplastic retention at a Danish groundwater-fed drinking water treatment plant using Raman spectroscopy, finding that the plant reduced but did not eliminate microplastic particles down to 1 micron in size, with some microplastics present in the treated drinking water output.
Identification of Microplastics Using µ-Raman Spectroscopy in Surface and Groundwater Bodies of SE Attica, Greece
Scientists found microplastics in both surface water and groundwater samples across southeastern Greece, with shallow wells containing far more particles than deeper sources. Four common plastic types were identified: polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, and PET. The detection of microplastics even in deeper groundwater suggests these particles can migrate through soil layers, raising concerns about contamination of drinking water sources.
Uncertainties in the Laboratory Analysis of Microplastics in Sewage Sludge : Insights into the Physicochemical Properties of Polymers and the Use of Raman Spectroscopy
Researchers examined sources of uncertainty in microplastic analysis from sewage sludge, finding that the physicochemical properties of different polymers introduce variability in Raman spectroscopy measurements and identifying key factors affecting method reliability for regulatory monitoring.
Microplastics in an anaerobic digester treating sewage sludge: Occurrence and factors affecting their identification with Raman spectroscopy
Researchers tracked microplastic levels through an anaerobic digester used to treat sewage sludge and its subsequent separation into solid and liquid fractions. They found that the digestion process stabilized the fluctuating microplastic concentrations found in raw sludge, and that the vast majority of particles ended up in the solid fraction. Since this solid material is often applied to farmland, the findings raise concerns about sewage-derived microplastics entering agricultural soils.
Underestimating microplastics? Quantification of the recovery rate of microplastic particles including sampling, sample preparation, subsampling, and detection using µ-Ramanspectroscopy
Researchers developed a continuous-dosing method to measure the recovery rate of microplastic particles from wastewater treatment plant effluents, finding that standard sampling approaches may significantly underestimate true microplastic concentrations — particularly for high-density particles like PVC that settle rapidly.
Microplastics in the effluent of a German wastewater treatment plant ‒ analysis with μ-FTIR spectroscopy
A German wastewater treatment plant was found to release microplastics in its treated effluent, with fibers as the dominant type. The study used detailed chemical characterization and identified wastewater plants as ongoing point sources of microplastic pollution entering aquatic environments.
Engineered Approaches to Facile Identification of Tiny Microplastics in Polymeric and Ceramic Membrane Filtrations for Wastewater Treatment
Researchers developed engineered approaches using Raman spectroscopy and automated image analysis to identify tiny microplastics retained in polymeric and ceramic membranes from wastewater treatment, enabling more precise assessment of membrane performance and microplastic removal efficiency.
Detection of microplastic traces in four different types of municipal wastewater treatment plants through FT-IR and TED-GC-MS
Researchers detected microplastic traces in four different types of municipal wastewater treatment plants using FT-IR and TED-GC-MS, finding that while treatment processes removed most microplastics, some were still released into receiving water bodies.
Microplastic Monitoring at Different Stages in a Wastewater Treatment Plant Using Reflectance Micro-FTIR Imaging
Researchers used reflectance micro-FTIR imaging to monitor microplastic presence at multiple treatment stages within a wastewater treatment plant, addressing the challenge of analyzing MPs in biogenic organic matter-rich matrices. The study mapped how microplastic identity, abundance, and size distribution changed through primary and secondary treatment, providing insight into WWTP contributions to aquatic microplastic pollution.
Raman spectroscopy for microplastic detection in water sources: a systematic review
This systematic review summarizes how Raman spectroscopy, a type of light-based analysis, is used to identify microplastics in drinking water, oceans, and wastewater. Polystyrene, polyethylene, and polypropylene were among the most commonly detected plastics across all water sources. Better detection methods like this are essential for understanding the extent of microplastic contamination in the water we drink.
IR microspectroscopic identification of microplastics in municipal wastewater treatment plants
Researchers used infrared microspectroscopy to identify microplastics at three municipal wastewater treatment plants in Thailand employing different treatment processes, finding varied levels of microplastic contamination tied to urbanization level and treatment technology.
Evaluation of pollution caused by microplastics particles in municipal wastewater and sewage sludge (Case study: Al-Ghadir town, Kerman)
Researchers evaluated microplastic contamination in municipal wastewater and sewage sludge at a treatment plant in Kerman, Iran, collecting 36 paired wastewater and sediment samples monthly at approximately 30 liters per sample. The study characterized microplastic frequency, morphology, and composition across influent and effluent streams, identifying the plant as a significant microplastic discharge point.
Microplastic in Danish wastewater: Sources, occurrences and fate
Researchers evaluated the role of Danish wastewater treatment plants in microplastic emissions by analyzing samples from 10 WWTPs, associated sludge, and farmland soils using FTIR imaging, identifying the amounts, polymer types, and potential sources of microplastics entering the environment.
Wastewater treatment plants as a pathway for microplastics: Development of a new approach to sample wastewater-based microplastics
Researchers developed a new sampling and monitoring protocol for microplastics at wastewater treatment plants, enabling more consistent tracking of microplastic loads through treatment stages and discharged effluent.
The Raman Spectroscopy Approach to Different Freshwater Microplastics and Quantitative Characterization of Polyethylene Aged in the Environment
Researchers used Raman spectroscopy to identify and characterize microplastics from multiple freshwater sites feeding the Baltic Sea, finding polypropylene, polyethylene, polycarbonate, and polystyrene as the most common polymer types. The study also demonstrated that Raman spectra can provide quantitative information on the crystallinity and density of aged polyethylene, enabling assessment of environmental weathering.
Spectroscopic analysis of microplastic contaminants in an urban wastewater treatment plant from Seoul, South Korea
Researchers performed systematic multi-spectroscopic analysis of microplastics at influent and effluent stages of a metropolitan wastewater treatment plant in Seoul, South Korea, using FTIR and microscopic methods to characterize MP type, size, and polymer composition. The study quantified treatment efficiency for MP removal and identified the dominant polymer types entering and leaving the WWTP, informing efforts to reduce microplastic discharge to urban waterways.
Quantitative analysis of microplastics in water by Raman spectroscopy: influence of microplastic concentration on Raman scattering intensities
Researchers investigated quantitative Raman spectroscopy for detecting microplastics directly in water, finding that Raman scattering intensities varied with concentration for both PVC spheres (40-100 um) and PE spheres (40-48 um) dispersed in de-ionized water at 0.1-1.0 wt%.
Microplastics in two German wastewater treatment plants: Year-long effluent analysis with FTIR and Py-GC/MS
Researchers analyzed microplastics in the effluents of two German wastewater treatment plants monthly over one year, revealing temporal variations in microplastic concentrations and polymer compositions entering receiving river systems.
Microplastics in real wastewater treatment schemes: Comparative assessment and relevant inhibition effects on anaerobic processes
Researchers studied the occurrence and removal of microplastics through different stages of a wastewater treatment plant in Central Italy. They found that while treatment processes removed a substantial portion of incoming microplastics, significant numbers still passed into the effluent, and microplastics also inhibited anaerobic digestion processes used for sludge treatment. The study highlights that wastewater treatment plants are both important barriers against and inadvertent sources of microplastic pollution in receiving waters.
Occurrence of microplastics in influent, sewage sludge and effluent of municipal wastewater treatment plant, A case study center of Iran, Qom city
A study of a municipal wastewater treatment plant found microplastics in the influent, sewage sludge, and effluent, confirming that treatment processes do not fully remove plastic particles before water is discharged. This matters because treated wastewater and sludge applied to agricultural land are significant pathways through which microplastics enter rivers, soils, and ultimately the food supply.
Visualization and characterisation of microplastics in aquatic environment using a home-built micro-Raman spectroscopic set up
Researchers built an affordable micro-Raman spectroscopy system capable of identifying microplastics in water samples, offering a low-cost alternative to expensive commercial equipment. The system could visualize, measure, and chemically identify different types of microplastic particles. This kind of accessible detection technology is important, especially for developing countries, because widespread monitoring of microplastic pollution in water sources is essential for protecting public health.