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61,005 resultsShowing papers similar to Co-exposure to ozone and polystyrene nanoplastic exacerbates cognitive impairment and anxiety-like behavior by regulating neuronal pyroptosis in mice
ClearCo-exposure of polystyrene nanoplastics and ozone synergistically induced airway inflammation: Evidence and biomarkers screening
Researchers discovered that co-exposure to airborne polystyrene nanoplastics and ozone in mice caused significantly worse airway inflammation than either pollutant alone, with the two acting synergistically. They identified specific metabolic pathways and genes involved in the inflammatory response, providing potential biomarkers for monitoring this type of combined exposure. The findings suggest that breathing in nanoplastics alongside common air pollutants like ozone may pose amplified respiratory health risks.
Exposure to Polystyrene Microplastics Promotes the Progression of Cognitive Impairment in Alzheimer’s Disease: Association with Induction of Microglial Pyroptosis
In a mouse study, polystyrene microplastics worsened cognitive decline in an Alzheimer's disease model by triggering a type of inflammatory cell death called pyroptosis in brain immune cells. The microplastics caused brain inflammation that accelerated memory loss and cognitive impairment beyond what Alzheimer's alone caused. This is one of the first studies suggesting that microplastic exposure could make neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's progress faster.
Polystyrene nanoplastics exposure induces cognitive impairment in mice via induction of oxidative stress and ERK/MAPK-mediated neuronal cuproptosis
This mouse study found that polystyrene nanoplastics caused cognitive impairment by triggering oxidative stress and activating a cell-death process called cuproptosis in brain neurons. The findings suggest that copper buildup and specific signaling pathways may be therapeutic targets for reducing brain damage from nanoplastic exposure, though these results still need to be confirmed in human-relevant models.
Toxicity of polystyrene nanoplastics and zinc oxide to mice
Mice injected intraperitoneally with environmentally relevant doses of ZnO nanoparticles or polystyrene nanoplastics showed cognitive impairment in recognition tests, while combined exposure produced genotoxic effects and biochemical stress markers, indicating neurotoxic and genotoxic potential.
Co-exposure of polystyrene microplastics and iron aggravates cognitive decline in aging mice via ferroptosis induction
Researchers studied the combined effects of microplastic and iron exposure on cognitive function in aging mice. They found that polystyrene microplastics accumulated in the brain's cortex and hippocampus, and when combined with iron, significantly worsened cognitive decline through a cell death process called ferroptosis. The study suggests that co-exposure to microplastics and metals may pose heightened risks to brain health in aging populations.
Co-exposure of cadmium and polystyrene nanoplastics: Induction pyroptosis and autophagy in mice testis
Researchers investigated the combined effects of cadmium and polystyrene nanoplastics on mouse testicular tissue. The study found that co-exposure produced more severe testicular damage than either substance alone, driven by the interplay between pyroptosis (inflammatory cell death) and autophagy. Inhibiting one of these cellular processes affected the other, suggesting they are closely interconnected in the toxicity response to nanoplastic and heavy metal co-exposure.
Combined toxicity evaluation of polystyrene nanoplastics and Nano-ZnO of distinctive morphology on human lung epithelial cells
Researchers tested how polystyrene nanoplastics combined with zinc oxide nanoparticles affect human lung cells, finding that the two pollutants interact differently depending on their shapes and concentrations. Zinc oxide primarily damaged cell membranes while nanoplastics mainly triggered oxidative stress and cell death, and their combined effects varied from additive to counteracting. This study is important because people are likely exposed to both nanoplastics and metal particles in polluted air, and understanding their combined effects is key to assessing real-world health risks.
Nanoplastics exposure exacerbates Aβ plaque deposition in Alzheimer’s disease mice by inducing microglia pyroptosis
In Alzheimer's disease model mice, exposure to environmentally relevant doses of nanoplastics worsened cognitive problems and increased the brain plaques associated with the disease. The nanoplastics damaged a waste-clearing system in brain immune cells called microglia, reducing their ability to remove harmful amyloid plaques, though the study also found that melatonin treatment helped restore brain cell function and reduce plaque buildup.
Co-exposure to polystyrene nanoplastics and glyphosate exacerbates NETs-mediated pyroptosis by activating the NLRP3 inflammasome in mouse liver
Researchers found that co-exposing mice to polystyrene nanoplastics and the herbicide glyphosate caused significantly worse liver damage than either pollutant alone. The combined exposure triggered a chain of inflammatory events including immune cell infiltration, formation of neutrophil traps, and cell death in liver tissue, all driven by activation of a key inflammatory pathway called NLRP3. The study suggests that nanoplastics may amplify the harmful effects of common agricultural chemicals when they enter the body together.
Co-exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of cadmium and polystyrene nanoplastics induced oxidative stress, ferroptosis and excessive mitophagy in mice kidney
A mouse study found that combined exposure to cadmium (a toxic metal) and polystyrene nanoplastics caused more kidney damage than either pollutant alone. The combination triggered a harmful chain reaction involving oxidative stress, iron buildup, and excessive breakdown of cellular energy factories called mitochondria. This is significant because people are often exposed to both nanoplastics and heavy metals simultaneously, and their combined effects may be worse than expected.
Exposure to different surface-modified polystyrene nanoparticles caused anxiety, depression, and social deficit in mice via damaging mitochondria in neurons
Mice exposed to polystyrene nanoplastics with different surface coatings all developed anxiety, depression, and impaired social behavior after the particles accumulated in their brains. The nanoplastics crossed the blood-brain barrier by disrupting the connections between blood vessel cells, then damaged the mitochondria (energy producers) inside brain neurons, reducing their energy output and likely driving the behavioral changes.
Exposure to polystyrene nanoplastics causes anxiety and depressive-like behavior and down-regulates EAAT2 expression in mice
Mice exposed to polystyrene nanoplastics for two months developed anxiety and depression-like behaviors linked to reduced brain cell communication in the prefrontal cortex, caused by overactive support cells blocking a key brain chemical recycling system. When researchers activated the blocked recycling protein (EAAT2), the anxiety and depression symptoms were reversed, suggesting a potential treatment approach for nanoplastic-related mental health effects.
Compound effect and mechanism of oxidative damage induced by nanoplastics and benzo [a] pyrene
Researchers examined how polystyrene nanoplastics and a common environmental pollutant called benzo[a]pyrene work together to cause oxidative damage in earthworm cells. They found that the two contaminants had a synergistic toxic effect, with combined exposure producing significantly higher levels of cell-damaging reactive oxygen species than either pollutant alone. The study suggests that nanoplastics may enhance the harmful effects of other soil pollutants by altering how they interact with living cells.
Influence of polystyrene nanoparticles on the toxicity of tetrabromobisphenol A in human intestinal cell lines
When human intestinal cells were exposed to both polystyrene nanoparticles and the flame retardant TBBPA together, the chemical pollutant dominated the toxic response, causing oxidative stress, DNA damage, and disruption of mitochondrial function. The study shows that mixing microplastics with other contaminants can produce complex, hard-to-predict health effects in gut cells, which matters because people are routinely exposed to multiple pollutants at once.
Polystyrene micro- and nanoparticles exposure induced anxiety-like behaviors, gut microbiota dysbiosis and metabolism disorder in adult mice
A mouse study found that exposure to both micro- and nano-sized polystyrene particles caused anxiety-like behavior, disrupted gut bacteria, and altered metabolism. The nanoplastics caused more severe effects than the larger microplastics, and longer exposure periods made the damage worse. These findings support the idea that plastic particles can affect brain function and behavior through the gut-brain connection.
Nano polystyrene induced changes in anxiety and learning behaviour are mediated through oxidative stress and gene disturbance in mouse brain regions
Researchers orally exposed mice to polystyrene nanoplastics for eight weeks and documented impaired learning, spatial memory deficits, and heightened anxiety, linked to oxidative stress, reduced neurotransmitter gene expression, and altered acetylcholinesterase activity across three brain regions including the cortex and hippocampus.
Co-exposure to polystyrene nanoplastics and triclosan induces synergistic cytotoxicity in human KGN granulosa cells by promoting reactive oxygen species accumulation
Researchers found that when human ovarian cells are exposed to both nanoplastics and triclosan (a common antibacterial chemical) at the same time, the toxic effects are worse than either one alone. The combination triggered more cell damage, harmful oxygen molecules, and cell death than individual exposure. This matters because people are typically exposed to multiple pollutants simultaneously, and this synergy could have implications for female reproductive health.
Polystyrene nanoplastics and cadmium co-exposure aggravated cardiomyocyte damage in mice by regulating PANoptosis pathway
Researchers gave mice low doses of polystyrene nanoplastics and cadmium (a toxic metal) together and found that the combination caused significantly worse heart damage than either substance alone. The damage involved a newly recognized form of cell death called PANoptosis, which combines multiple destructive pathways in heart cells. This suggests that real-world exposure to nanoplastics alongside common environmental pollutants like cadmium could compound risks to heart health.
Toxicity Induced by Micro-and Nanoplastics through Oxidative Stress: The Role of Co-Exposure to Other Chemical Pollutants
This review examined how micro- and nanoplastics cause oxidative stress — a form of cellular damage — in living organisms, particularly when combined with other chemical pollutants in the environment. Co-exposure to microplastics and chemicals like pesticides or heavy metals tends to be more damaging than either pollutant alone.
Combined effect of arsenic and polystyrene-nanoplastics at environmentally relevant concentrations in mice liver: Activation of apoptosis, pyroptosis and excessive autophagy
Researchers investigated the combined toxic effects of arsenic and polystyrene nanoplastics on mouse liver at environmentally relevant concentrations. The study found that co-exposure activated multiple cell death pathways including apoptosis, pyroptosis, and excessive autophagy in liver tissue, suggesting that the interaction between nanoplastics and heavy metals may amplify liver damage.
Adverse effects of polystyrene nanoplastic and its binary mixtures with nonylphenol on zebrafish nervous system: From oxidative stress to impaired neurotransmitter system
Researchers investigated the individual and combined effects of polystyrene nanoplastics and the industrial chemical nonylphenol on the zebrafish nervous system over 45 days. Both substances induced oxidative stress and disrupted neurotransmitter systems, with combined exposure generally producing more severe effects on glutamate metabolism and brain tissue damage. The study suggests that the interaction between nanoplastics and co-occurring environmental pollutants can amplify neurotoxic effects in fish.
Effects of exposure to micro/nanoplastics of polystyrene on neuronal oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and anxiety-like behavior in mice: A Systematic Review
This systematic review examined 24 studies on how polystyrene microplastics and nanoplastics affect the brains of mice. The findings consistently showed that exposure led to increased oxidative stress, brain inflammation, and anxiety-like behavior. Maternal exposure also caused brain-related harm in offspring, suggesting these tiny plastic particles could pose real risks to the nervous system.
Cerebral to SystemicRepresentations of Alzheimer’sPathogenesis Stimulated by Polystyrene Nanoplastics
Researchers exposed both wild-type and APP/PS1 Alzheimer's model mice to environmental levels of polystyrene nanoplastics and measured Alzheimer's-like pathology progression. Nanoplastics exacerbated cognitive decline, microglial activation, and hippocampal neuronal death, particularly in the Alzheimer's model, with systemic inflammatory effects suggesting plastic particles may accelerate neurodegeneration.
Co-exposure to polystyrene nanoplastics and glyphosate promotes intestinal apoptosis in mice via intestinal barrier impairment and immunoinflammatory dysregulation
Researchers exposed mice to polystyrene nanoplastics and the herbicide glyphosate — alone and combined — for 35 days, finding that both contaminants damaged the intestinal barrier, depleted goblet cells, and disrupted gut microbiota, with glyphosate driving the strongest pro-inflammatory and pro-apoptotic responses and nanoplastics further impairing immune regulation in cell culture experiments.