Bacterial Abundance, Diversity and Activity During Long-Term Colonization of Non-biodegradable and Biodegradable Plastics in Seawater
Frontiers in Microbiology2021
84 citations
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Stéphane Bruzaud,
Jean-François, Ghiglione,
Jean-François, Ghiglione,
Burgaud, Gaëtan
Alexandra ter Halle,
B. Eyheraguibel,
Anne‐Leïla Meistertzheim,
B. Eyheraguibel,
Alexandra ter Halle,
B. Eyheraguibel,
Alexandra ter Halle,
B. Eyheraguibel,
Léna Philip,
Burgaud, Gaëtan
Burgaud, Gaëtan
Charlène Odobel,
Alexandra ter Halle,
Léna Philip,
Léna Philip,
Léna Philip,
Jean-François, Ghiglione,
Léna Philip,
B. Eyheraguibel,
Alexandra ter Halle,
Charlène Odobel,
Léna Philip,
Alexandra ter Halle,
Stéphane Bruzaud,
Alexandra ter Halle,
Claire Dussud,
Léna Philip,
Léna Philip,
Anne‐Leïla Meistertzheim,
Anne‐Leïla Meistertzheim,
B. Eyheraguibel,
Jean-François, Ghiglione,
B. Eyheraguibel,
Jean-François, Ghiglione,
Anne‐Leïla Meistertzheim,
B. Eyheraguibel,
Stéphane Bruzaud,
Anne‐Leïla Meistertzheim,
Stéphane Bruzaud,
Stéphane Bruzaud,
Stéphane Bruzaud,
Stéphane Bruzaud,
Claire Dussud,
Alexandra ter Halle,
Alexandra ter Halle,
Léna Philip,
Léna Philip,
B. Eyheraguibel,
Jean-François, Ghiglione,
Jean-François, Ghiglione,
B. Eyheraguibel,
B. Eyheraguibel,
Anne‐Leïla Meistertzheim,
B. Eyheraguibel,
Alexandra ter Halle,
Léna Philip,
Léna Philip,
Valérie Barbe,
Alexandra ter Halle,
Léna Philip,
Léna Philip,
Alexandra ter Halle,
Alexandra ter Halle,
Stéphane Bruzaud,
Burgaud, Gaëtan
Stéphane Bruzaud,
Léna Philip,
Stéphane Bruzaud,
Burgaud, Gaëtan
Charlène Odobel,
Léna Philip,
Alexandra ter Halle,
Alexandra ter Halle,
Alexandra ter Halle,
Gabrielle Derippe,
Alexandra ter Halle,
Alexandra ter Halle,
Jean-François, Ghiglione,
Alexandra ter Halle,
Léna Philip,
Charlène Odobel,
Jean-François, Ghiglione,
Stéphane Bruzaud,
Léna Philip,
Jean-François, Ghiglione,
Charlène Odobel,
Gabrielle Derippe,
Stéphane Bruzaud,
Alexandra ter Halle,
Charlène Odobel,
Stéphane Bruzaud,
Stéphane Bruzaud,
Burgaud, Gaëtan
Jean-François, Ghiglione,
Jean-François, Ghiglione,
Alexandra ter Halle,
Alexandra ter Halle,
Jean-François, Ghiglione,
Marion Lauters,
Stéphane Bruzaud,
Stéphane Bruzaud,
Marion Lauters,
Stéphane Bruzaud,
Stéphane Bruzaud,
Stéphane Bruzaud,
Anne‐Leïla Meistertzheim,
Alexandra ter Halle,
Anne‐Leïla Meistertzheim,
Stéphane Bruzaud,
Jean-François, Ghiglione,
Stéphane Bruzaud,
Valérie Barbe,
Valérie Barbe,
Valérie Barbe,
Valérie Barbe,
Valérie Barbe,
Valérie Barbe,
Stéphane Bruzaud,
Anne‐Leïla Meistertzheim,
Burgaud, Gaëtan
Stéphane Bruzaud,
Alexandra ter Halle,
Alexandra ter Halle,
Jean-François, Ghiglione,
Jean-François, Ghiglione,
Stéphane Bruzaud,
Stéphane Bruzaud,
Alexandra ter Halle,
Stéphane Bruzaud,
Stéphane Bruzaud,
Stéphane Bruzaud,
Alexandra ter Halle,
Anne‐Leïla Meistertzheim,
B. Eyheraguibel,
B. Eyheraguibel,
Jean-François, Ghiglione,
Anne‐Leïla Meistertzheim,
Alexandra ter Halle,
Anne‐Leïla Meistertzheim,
Anne‐Leïla Meistertzheim,
Anne‐Leïla Meistertzheim,
Anne‐Leïla Meistertzheim,
Anne‐Leïla Meistertzheim,
Anne‐Leïla Meistertzheim,
Alexandra ter Halle,
Alexandra ter Halle,
Alexandra ter Halle,
Burgaud, Gaëtan
Jean-François, Ghiglione,
Jean-François, Ghiglione,
Stéphane Bruzaud,
Stéphane Bruzaud,
Stéphane Bruzaud,
Stéphane Bruzaud,
Stéphane Bruzaud,
Stéphane Bruzaud,
Stéphane Bruzaud,
Stéphane Bruzaud,
Stéphane Bruzaud,
Stéphane Bruzaud,
Stéphane Bruzaud,
Stéphane Bruzaud,
Stéphane Bruzaud,
Valérie Barbe,
Alexandra ter Halle,
Anne‐Leïla Meistertzheim,
Anne‐Leïla Meistertzheim,
Alexandra ter Halle,
Anne‐Leïla Meistertzheim,
Alexandra ter Halle,
Alexandra ter Halle,
Alexandra ter Halle,
Alexandra ter Halle,
Stéphane Bruzaud,
Anne‐Leïla Meistertzheim,
Jean-François, Ghiglione,
Anne‐Leïla Meistertzheim,
Burgaud, Gaëtan
Stéphane Bruzaud,
Burgaud, Gaëtan
Alexandra ter Halle,
Burgaud, Gaëtan
Burgaud, Gaëtan
Stéphane Bruzaud,
Burgaud, Gaëtan
Alexandra ter Halle,
Valérie Barbe,
Stéphane Bruzaud,
Jean-François, Ghiglione,
Anne‐Leïla Meistertzheim,
Alexandra ter Halle,
Alexandra ter Halle,
Alexandra ter Halle,
Alexandra ter Halle,
Alexandra ter Halle,
Anne‐Leïla Meistertzheim,
Alexandra ter Halle,
Alexandra ter Halle,
Alexandra ter Halle,
Alexandra ter Halle,
Valérie Barbe,
Valérie Barbe,
Jean-François, Ghiglione,
Jean-François, Ghiglione,
Anne‐Leïla Meistertzheim,
Alexandra ter Halle,
Stéphane Bruzaud,
Anne‐Leïla Meistertzheim,
Alexandra ter Halle,
Alexandra ter Halle,
Valérie Barbe,
Alexandra ter Halle,
Anne‐Leïla Meistertzheim,
Alexandra ter Halle,
Stéphane Bruzaud,
Alexandra ter Halle,
Alexandra ter Halle,
Alexandra ter Halle,
Alexandra ter Halle,
B. Eyheraguibel,
Alexandra ter Halle,
Jean-François, Ghiglione,
Stéphane Bruzaud,
Jean-François, Ghiglione,
Jean-François, Ghiglione,
Valérie Barbe,
Jean-François, Ghiglione,
B. Eyheraguibel,
Anne‐Leïla Meistertzheim,
B. Eyheraguibel,
B. Eyheraguibel,
Alexandra ter Halle,
Jean-François, Ghiglione,
Jean-François, Ghiglione,
Alexandra ter Halle,
Jean-François, Ghiglione,
Jean-François, Ghiglione,
Anne‐Leïla Meistertzheim,
Jean-François, Ghiglione,
Jean-François, Ghiglione,
Jean-François, Ghiglione,
Jean-François, Ghiglione,
Stéphane Bruzaud,
Léna Philip,
Alexandra ter Halle,
Léna Philip,
Anne‐Leïla Meistertzheim,
Jean-François, Ghiglione,
Jean-François, Ghiglione,
Alexandra ter Halle,
Charlène Odobel,
Jean-François, Ghiglione,
Charlène Odobel,
Alexandra ter Halle,
Jean-François, Ghiglione,
Jean-François, Ghiglione,
Valérie Barbe,
Stéphane Bruzaud,
Burgaud, Gaëtan
B. Eyheraguibel,
Alexandra ter Halle,
Anne‐Leïla Meistertzheim,
Alexandra ter Halle,
Burgaud, Gaëtan
Summary
Biofilm communities on conventional (polyethylene and polystyrene) and biodegradable plastics were tracked over 7 months of seawater immersion, finding highly abundant and diverse plastisphere communities on all polymer types but limited evidence of active plastic biodegradation under natural marine conditions.
The microorganisms living on plastics called "plastisphere" have been classically described as very abundant, highly diverse, and very specific when compared to the surrounding environments, but their potential ability to biodegrade various plastic types in natural conditions have been poorly investigated. Here, we follow the successive phases of biofilm development and maturation after long-term immersion in seawater (7 months) on conventional [fossil-based polyethylene (PE) and polystyrene (PS)] and biodegradable plastics [biobased polylactic acid (PLA) and polyhydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate (PHBV), or fossil-based polycaprolactone (PCL)], as well as on artificially aged or non-aged PE without or with prooxidant additives [oxobiodegradable (OXO)]. First, we confirmed that the classical primo-colonization and growth phases of the biofilms that occurred during the first 10 days of immersion in seawater were more or less independent of the plastic type. After only 1 month, we found congruent signs of biodegradation for some bio-based and also fossil-based materials. A continuous growth of the biofilm during the 7 months of observation (measured by epifluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry) was found on PHBV, PCL, and artificially aged OXO, together with a continuous increase in intracellular (<sup>3</sup>H-leucine incorporation) and extracellular activities (lipase, aminopeptidase, and β-glucosidase) as well as subsequent changes in biofilm diversity that became specific to each polymer type (16S rRNA metabarcoding). No sign of biodegradation was visible for PE, PS, and PLA under our experimental conditions. We also provide a list of operational taxonomic units (OTUs) potentially involved in the biodegradation of these polymers under natural seawater conditions, such as <i>Pseudohongiella</i> sp. and <i>Marinobacter</i> sp. on PCL, <i>Marinicella litoralis</i> and <i>Celeribacter</i> sp. on PHBV, or Myxococcales on artificially aged OXO. This study opens new routes for a deeper understanding of the polymers' biodegradability in seawaters, especially when considering an alternative to conventional fossil-based plastics.