Papers

61,005 results
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Article Tier 2

Poly(hydroxyalkanoates): Production, Applications and End-of-Life Strategies–Life Cycle Assessment Nexus

This review examines the production, applications, and end-of-life strategies for polyhydroxyalkanoates, highlighting their unique ability to biodegrade in marine environments as a promising alternative to petroleum-based plastics.

2022 ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering 81 citations
Article Tier 2

Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) Biopolyesters - Emerging and Major Products of Industrial Biotechnology

This review examined polyhydroxyalkanoate biopolyesters as industrially produced biodegradable plastics, covering their microbial biosynthesis, material properties, and commercial applications as sustainable alternatives to conventional petroleum-based plastics.

2022 The EuroBiotech Journal 23 citations
Article Tier 2

A Review on Biological Synthesis of the Biodegradable Polymers Polyhydroxyalkanoates and the Development of Multiple Applications

This review covers the biological production of polyhydroxyalkanoates, a family of biodegradable bioplastics that bacteria naturally produce from waste carbon sources. Researchers found that these biopolymers have properties similar to conventional plastics like polypropylene but can fully biodegrade, making them a promising alternative to petroleum-based plastics. The study emphasizes that scaling up production and establishing proper end-of-life management are critical steps for PHAs to compete with conventional plastics and help reduce microplastic pollution.

2022 Catalysts 169 citations
Article Tier 2

Current trends in the production of biodegradable bioplastics: The case of polyhydroxyalkanoates

This review evaluates the state of polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) bioplastic production, comparing microbiological, enzymatic, and chemical manufacturing approaches for their potential to replace petroleum-based plastics. While PHAs are naturally biodegradable and mechanically versatile, cost and scalability remain major barriers to commercial adoption.

2020 Biotechnology Advances 130 citations
Article Tier 2

Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) Bio-polyesters – Circular Materials for Sustainable Development and Growth

This review examines polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) biopolymers as circular carbon materials produced from renewable feedstocks and biodegradable across diverse environments, arguing that PHAs offer a more genuine solution to microplastic pollution than conventional bioplastics that require industrial composting.

2023 Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Quarterly 21 citations
Article Tier 2

Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) – Production, Properties, and Biodegradation

This review covers polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), a class of microbially produced biopolyesters, discussing raw material innovation, microbial producer strains, bioengineering approaches for improved yields, and end-of-life biodegradation options. PHAs are presented as a genuinely circular plastic alternative due to their renewable production, biodegradability, and compatibility with existing plastic applications including food packaging.

2022 15 citations
Article Tier 2

Metabolic Process and Types of Carbon Source leads to Desired Polyhydroxyalkanoate Properties

This review examines how different carbon sources and metabolic pathways influence the biosynthetic production of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), analyzing how carbon source selection and organism choice determine whether homo- or copolymers are produced and shape the resulting physical and chemical properties of these biodegradable plastics.

2025 Current Applied Science and Technology
Article Tier 2

Poly(hydroxyalkanoates): Emerging Biopolymers in Biomedical Fields and Packaging Industries for a Circular Economy

This review examines poly(hydroxyalkanoates), or PHAs -- a family of biodegradable, bio-based plastics that break down without producing microplastics. PHAs show strong potential in biomedical applications like tissue engineering and implants because they are non-toxic and compatible with the human body. The paper discusses how PHAs could help address plastic waste and microplastic pollution while offering safe alternatives for both packaging and medical uses.

2024 Biomedical Materials & Devices 25 citations
Article Tier 2

Advances in Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) Production, Volume 3

This review synthesizes advances in polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) biopolyester production as a family of biodegradable alternatives to conventional plastics, addressing growing public concern about plastic waste and microplastic formation by examining the latest research on PHA synthesis from fossil-free feedstocks.

2022 9 citations
Article Tier 2

PHA-Based Bioplastic: a Potential Alternative to Address Microplastic Pollution

This review examines polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA)-based bioplastics as biodegradable alternatives to petroleum-derived plastics, highlighting their potential to reduce microplastic pollution while discussing challenges in scaling production and improving material properties.

2022 Water Air & Soil Pollution 172 citations
Article Tier 2

Recent Biotechnological Applications of Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) in the Biomedical Sector—A Review

This review surveys recent biotechnological applications of polyhydroxyalkanoates, biodegradable biopolymers produced by microorganisms, in the biomedical sector. Researchers highlight their use in drug delivery carriers and tissue engineering scaffolds as environmentally friendly alternatives to petroleum-derived plastics. The study suggests that the structural versatility of these biopolymers makes them promising candidates for replacing polluting materials in medical applications.

2023 Polymers 35 citations
Article Tier 2

Definitions and Types of Microbial Biopolyesters and Derived Biomaterials

This review clarified distinctions between types of bioplastics — biobased, biosynthesized, biodegradable, and compostable — focusing on microbial polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) biopolyesters as genuinely sustainable alternatives to conventional petroleum-derived plastics.

2023 2 citations
Article Tier 2

Plastic Alternatives: Biodegradable Solutions and Their Real-World Impact

This review examines biodegradable alternatives to conventional plastics, evaluating biopolymers such as polylactic acid, polyhydroxyalkanoates, and starch-based composites for their practical performance, cost-efficiency, and real-world environmental impact as substitutes for petroleum-based plastic packaging.

2025 International Journal of Integrated Research and Practice
Article Tier 2

A review on poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) [P(3HB-co-3HHx)] and genetic modifications that affect its production

This review examined the properties, biodegradation behavior, and application potential of the biopolymer P(3HB-co-3HHx), a polyhydroxyalkanoate with mechanical properties comparable to common commodity plastics. The authors assess its viability as a drop-in replacement for single-use plastics, medical devices, and packaging with genuine end-of-life biodegradability.

2022 Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology 54 citations
Article Tier 2

Polyhydroxyalkanoates biosynthesis, resulting polymer structures, and plasticization

This review examines polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), a class of biodegradable biopolymers synthesized by microorganisms, discussing strategies including plasticizers and monomer inclusion to overcome the brittleness and processing challenges of the most common PHA, poly(3-hydroxybutyrate).

2024
Article Tier 2

Bioplastics and biodegradable plastics: A review of recent advances, feasibility and cleaner production

Researchers systematically reviewed over 280 articles on bioplastics and biodegradable plastics, finding that while polylactic acid and polyhydroxyalkanoates reduce fossil fuel dependence, their higher production costs, lower durability, and tendency to form microplastics when improperly composted remain significant barriers to replacing conventional plastics.

2025 The Science of The Total Environment 59 citations
Article Tier 2

Synthesize and Applications of Biodegradable Plastics as a Solution for Environmental Pollution Due to Non-Biodegradable Plastics, a Review

This review examines biodegradable plastics as alternatives to conventional petroleum-based plastics, covering materials like polylactic acid, polyhydroxyalkanoates, and polycaprolactone. Researchers detail how these polymers are synthesized from renewable resources and can be modified for various applications. The study highlights both the promise and remaining challenges of biodegradable plastics in reducing environmental pollution from non-degradable plastic waste and microplastic formation.

2024 Sustainable polymer & energy 15 citations
Article Tier 2

Switching from petro-plastics to microbial polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA): the biotechnological escape route of choice out of the plastic predicament?

This review makes the case for replacing petroleum-based plastics with microbially produced biodegradable alternatives (PHAs), particularly for packaging and medical applications. If produced efficiently enough, PHAs could reduce persistent plastic waste and the resulting microplastic pollution.

2019 The EuroBiotech Journal 60 citations
Article Tier 2

Bacterial Production of Hydroxyalkanoates (PHA)

This review examines bacterial production of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) as a biodegradable alternative to petroleum-based plastics, covering fermentation processes, scaling to industrial levels, and future trends, while noting that higher production costs currently prevent PHAs from competing commercially with conventional plastics.

2016 Universal Journal of Microbiology Research 32 citations
Article Tier 2

Novel Technologies for Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) Production

This review examines novel production technologies for polyhydroxyalkanoates, highlighting how the global problem of plastic and microplastic pollution has intensified interest in developing scalable, eco-friendly bioplastic alternatives over more than four decades of PHA research.

2025 Apple Academic Press eBooks
Article Tier 2

Microbial PolyHydroxyAlkanoate (PHA) Biopolymers – Intrinsically Natural

This review covered microbially produced polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) biopolymers as naturally biodegradable alternatives to fossil-based plastics, arguing that PHAs offer a circular solution that avoids microplastic formation and elevated CO2 release associated with conventional plastic end-of-life scenarios.

2023 Preprints.org 17 citations
Article Tier 2

Microbial PolyHydroxyAlkanoate (PHA) Biopolymers—Intrinsically Natural

This review makes the case for polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), naturally produced bioplastics made by bacteria, as a solution to fossil plastic pollution. Unlike conventional plastics that break down into persistent microplastics, PHAs are fully biodegradable in soil, water, and marine environments. Widespread adoption of PHAs could help reduce the growing burden of microplastic contamination that threatens ecosystems and human health.

2023 Bioengineering 62 citations
Article Tier 2

Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Approaches in Manufacturing Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) Biopolyesters of Tailored Structure with Focus on the Diversity of Building Blocks

This review examines chemical and biochemical engineering strategies for manufacturing polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) with tailored structures, covering short-, medium-, and long-chain PHA homo-, co-, ter-, and quarterpolyesters produced from diverse microbial feedstocks. Researchers found that monomeric composition and biosynthesis conditions are the primary determinants of PHA material properties, enabling design of biopolymers that closely mimic conventional thermoplastics and elastomers.

2019 Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Quarterly 77 citations
Article Tier 2

The Possibility of Using Polylactic Acid and Polyhydroxyalkanoates to Replace the Normal Plastics in Life

This review examines the potential of polylactic acid and polyhydroxyalkanoates as biodegradable replacements for conventional plastics such as polypropylene and polyethylene, evaluating their properties and discussing their capacity to reduce microplastic pollution in major river systems.

2025 Applied and Computational Engineering