Papers

61,005 results
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Article Tier 2

Assessing the relationship between the abundance of microplastics in sediments, surface waters, and fish in the Iran southern shores

Researchers found microplastic contamination across sediments, surface waters, and four fish species along Iran's Persian Gulf coast, with concentrations of 190 items/kg in sediments and 9.28 items/km in surface waters, though no correlation was observed between MP abundance across the different environmental compartments.

2021 Environmental Science and Pollution Research 42 citations
Article Tier 2

Exploring the microplastic pollution: Unveiling origins and varieties in coastal sediments and waters of the Bushehr Province, Persian Gulf, Iran

Researchers conducted a comprehensive survey of microplastic pollution in coastal sediments and waters along the Persian Gulf in Iran. They found microplastics at all sampling sites, with the highest concentrations near petrochemical facilities and urban centers, and fibers being the most common type. The study establishes baseline pollution data for the region and links contamination levels to specific human activities.

2023 Marine Pollution Bulletin 27 citations
Article Tier 2

The occurrence of microplastic contamination in littoral sediments of the Persian Gulf, Iran

Researchers surveyed littoral sediments of the Persian Gulf for microplastics, finding plastic particles across all sampling sites with a variety of polymer types. The study provides early baseline contamination data for a region with major petrochemical and industrial activity.

2017 Environmental Science and Pollution Research 202 citations
Article Tier 2

Abundances and characteristics of microplastics in core sediments of the Persian Gulf coast, Iran

Researchers sampled coastal sediments in Iran's Persian Gulf and found microplastics — including polystyrene, polyethylene, and PVC — at all six sites and at every depth down to 30 cm, averaging nearly 118 particles per kilogram of dry sediment. Fibers and fragments dominated, pointing to widespread plastic contamination from local waste mismanagement in this tidal ecosystem.

2024 Environmental Advances 6 citations
Article Tier 2

Abundance and characteristics of microplastic in some commercial species from the Persian Gulf, Iran

Scientists examined microplastic contamination in the digestive tracts of five commercially important fish and shellfish species from the Persian Gulf, finding plastic particles in nearly 73 percent of all individuals sampled. Microfibers were the most common type, making up about 58 percent of particles found, and polymer analysis identified polypropylene and polyethylene as the dominant plastics. The study highlights that seafood from the Persian Gulf region is widely contaminated with microplastics, raising concerns about potential exposure for human consumers.

2023 Journal of Environmental Management 29 citations
Article Tier 2

Spatial Distribution of Microplastics in Persian Gulf Marine Environments

Researchers examined the spatial distribution of microplastics in seawater, sediments, and fish (Pennahia anea) from eight locations across the Persian Gulf, analyzing 24 seawater samples, 24 sediment samples, and 40 fish specimens using stereo microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. The study maps MP contamination patterns across multiple environmental compartments in this semi-enclosed sea.

2024
Article Tier 2

Microplastic particles in sediments and waters, south of Caspian Sea: Frequency, distribution, characteristics, and chemical composition

Researchers assessed microplastic occurrence in coastal sediments and surface waters along the southern Caspian Sea coast in Iran, finding mean concentrations of 15 items/kg in sediments and 710 items/m3 in coastal water. Fibers dominated at 97% of all MPs in both media and were predominantly black-colored, with smaller particles more prevalent in water than sediments.

2020 Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 90 citations
Article Tier 2

Occurrence, abundance and characteristics of microplastics in some commercial fish of northern coasts of the Persian Gulf

Microplastics were found in muscle, liver, gill, and gastrointestinal tissues of 14 commercially fished species from the northern Persian Gulf, with gastrointestinal tissues showing the highest contamination and muscle tissue showing very low levels, suggesting limited translocation from gut to edible flesh in most species.

2021 Marine Pollution Bulletin 74 citations
Article Tier 2

Occurrence and abundance of macro, meso and microplastics along the coasts of the Persian Gulf (case study: Bushehr Province coast)

This survey of 17 coastal stations in Iran's Bushehr Province on the Persian Gulf documented widespread plastic pollution at macro, meso, and microplastic scales, with fibers making up the majority and fragments under 500 micrometers being most common. Polyethylene, polystyrene, PET, and nylon were the dominant polymer types identified by infrared analysis. The Persian Gulf is a semi-enclosed, heavily industrialized sea, and this data establishes baseline contamination levels needed to track how pollution changes over time.

2023 Marine Pollution Bulletin 14 citations
Article Tier 2

Assessment of microplastics in the gastrointestinal tract of some fish caught for human consumption in Bandar Abbas, the Persian Gulf

Researchers examined microplastic content in the digestive tracts of fish caught for human consumption in the Persian Gulf near Bandar Abbas, Iran. Microplastics were found in multiple commercially important species, with the highest contamination rates in Sillago sihama (62%), raising food safety concerns for local seafood consumers.

2019 SHILAP Revista de lepidopterología 1 citations
Article Tier 2

Spatial distribution of microplastics in Persian Gulf marine environments

A spatial survey of microplastics in Persian Gulf marine sediments found widespread contamination, with concentrations varying by location and depth. The study adds to evidence that the Gulf's semi-enclosed, heavily trafficked waters are a significant repository for microplastic pollution.

2025 Scientific Reports 1 citations
Article Tier 2

Accumulation and distribution of microplastics in the sediment and coastal water samples of Chabahar Bay in the Oman Sea, Iran

Researchers investigated microplastic distribution in water and sediment at 10 stations in Chabahar Bay, Iran, finding average water concentrations of 218 particles/L and documenting variation in frequency, color, and polymer type across the Oman Sea coastal environment.

2020 Marine Pollution Bulletin 87 citations
Article Tier 2

Microplastic contaminants in the sediment of the north coasts of the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman

Researchers characterized microplastic abundances and properties in coastal sediments of the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman, finding concentrations ranging from 10 to 45 particles per kilogram with an average of 655 pieces per kilogram and a predominance of black fibers and high-density polymers. Raman analysis confirmed polymer identities and revealed a negative depth gradient with decreasing MP concentrations from coastal to deeper waters.

2025
Article Tier 2

Microplastic occurrence in selected aquatic species of the Persian Gulf: No evidence of trophic transfer or effect of diet

Researchers examined microplastic contamination in six fish species, one mollusk, and three crustacean species from the Persian Gulf, finding no evidence of trophic transfer of microplastics or dietary effects on contamination levels across species.

2023 The Science of The Total Environment 30 citations
Article Tier 2

Presence of Microplastics in some commercial fish species in the northern Oman Sea, Iran

Researchers examined microplastic occurrence in the gills, gastrointestinal tracts, and skin of five commercial fish species from the northern Oman Sea in Iran across pre-monsoon and monsoon periods, finding species- and season-dependent variation in microplastic type and abundance.

2025 University of Southern Denmark Research Portal (University of Southern Denmark)
Article Tier 2

Microplastics contamination in molluscs from the northern part of the Persian Gulf

Researchers analyzed microplastic contamination in five species of mollusks from the northern Persian Gulf, including both gastropods and bivalves with different feeding strategies. They found microplastics in all species, with concentrations ranging from 0.2 to 21 particles per gram of soft tissue, and fibers were the most common type. The study indicates that microplastic contamination is widespread in Persian Gulf seafood and that filter-feeding organisms tend to accumulate more particles.

2017 Environmental Pollution 356 citations
Article Tier 2

Microplastic in Commercial Fish in the Mediterranean Sea, the Red Sea and the Arabian/Persian Gulf. Part 3. The Arabian/Persian Gulf

This review synthesizes published literature from 2015 to 2022 on microplastic contamination in commercially important fish, molluscs, and crustaceans in the Arabian/Persian Gulf, finding lower concentrations than in comparable bodies of water such as the Mediterranean Sea, with the highest concentrations reported along the northern Iranian coastline.

2022 Journal of Water Resource and Protection 8 citations
Article Tier 2

Microplastic pollution on the Persian Gulf shoreline: A case study of Bandar Abbas city, Hormozgan Province, Iran

Beach microplastic abundance was measured across different land-use types along the Bandar Abbas coastline in Iran, finding an average of 3,252 ± 2,766 particles/m² with expanded polystyrene, PET, PP, and PE as dominant polymers, and significantly higher contamination near urbanized areas. The study demonstrates that land use intensity directly influences coastal microplastic deposition in the Persian Gulf.

2019 Marine Pollution Bulletin 87 citations
Article Tier 2

Microplastics in fishes of commercial and ecological importance from the Western Arabian Gulf

Researchers examined microplastics in the gastrointestinal tracts of nine commercial fish species from the Saudi EEZ of the Arabian Gulf across coastal, pelagic, and reef habitats, finding a relatively low overall contamination rate (0.057 items per fish) but with variation by species and habitat.

2020 Marine Pollution Bulletin 86 citations
Article Tier 2

Microplastics accumulation in sediments and Periophthalmus waltoni fish, mangrove forests in southern Iran

Researchers quantified microplastic contamination in sediments and mudskipper fish from mangrove forests in southern Iran. They found over 2,600 plastic particles across samples, with higher concentrations at high-tide collection points, and fibers being the most common particle shape. The study demonstrates that mangrove ecosystems serve as sinks for microplastic pollution, with evidence of particle accumulation in fish tissues raising concerns about food web contamination.

2020 Chemosphere 140 citations
Article Tier 2

Microplastic prevalence in marine fish from onshore Beibu Gulf, South China Sea

Researchers examined 271 fish across 32 species from the Beibu Gulf and found microplastics in the majority of samples, with fibers being the most common type and abundance varying by species, feeding habits, and habitat.

2022 Frontiers in Marine Science 20 citations
Article Tier 2

Preliminary Study on Abundance of Microplastic in Sediments and Water Samples Along the Coast of Pakistan (Sindh and Balochistan)-Northern Arabian Sea

Researchers found high levels of microplastic contamination along 25 locations on Pakistan's Arabian Sea coastline, with mean concentrations of 582 particles/L in seawater and 987 particles/kg in sediment, and fibers comprising up to 99% of all detected microplastics.

2021 Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 25 citations
Article Tier 2

Characterization of plastic debris and association of metals with microplastics in coastline sediment along the Persian Gulf

Microplastics and sediment samples from Persian Gulf coastlines were found to contain elevated concentrations of heavy metals including lead, cadmium, and mercury, with metals associated with both the plastic surfaces and the surrounding sediment. The study demonstrates that microplastics in this industrialized coastal region accumulate hazardous metals that can be transferred to marine organisms.

2018 Waste Management 291 citations
Article Tier 2

Plastic debris and microplastics along the beaches of the Strait of Hormuz, Persian Gulf

Researchers surveyed microplastic abundance along beaches of the Strait of Hormuz in the Persian Gulf, finding concentrations that reflected local anthropogenic activity levels — up to 1,258 particles per kg at the most industrialized site — with fibers dominating and polyethylene, nylon, and PET as the most common polymers.

2016 Marine Pollution Bulletin 199 citations