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Microplastic pollution on the Persian Gulf shoreline: A case study of Bandar Abbas city, Hormozgan Province, Iran
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Beach microplastic abundance was measured across different land-use types along the Bandar Abbas coastline in Iran, finding an average of 3,252 ± 2,766 particles/m² with expanded polystyrene, PET, PP, and PE as dominant polymers, and significantly higher contamination near urbanized areas. The study demonstrates that land use intensity directly influences coastal microplastic deposition in the Persian Gulf.
Microplastic particles (<5 mm), which are an emerging threat, are commonly found in marine ecosystems worldwide. This study investigated the effect of different types of coastal land use on microplastic frequency and distribution on the coastline of Bandar Abbas city; this study used a large sample compared to that used in other studies conducted in this region. The average number of microplastics was determined as 3252 ± 2766 microplastics/m (±SD). ATR FT-IR spectroscopy showed that the dominant microplastic particles are expanded polystyrene, polyethylene terephthalate, polypropylene, and polyethylene. Statistical analysis showed a significant difference in microplastic contamination levels between the urban and nonuse beaches. This shows that heavily urbanized areas and human activities have significant effects on the dispersion and frequency of microplastics in the coastal areas of Bandar Abbas. Periodical coast-based cleanup and studies on microplastic pollution and their fluxes by comprehensive sampling are mostly recommended for the Persian Gulf coastline.
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Occurrence and abundance of macro, meso and microplastics along the coasts of the Persian Gulf (case study: Bushehr Province coast)
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This survey of 17 coastal stations in Iran's Bushehr Province on the Persian Gulf documented widespread plastic pollution at macro, meso, and microplastic scales, with fibers making up the majority and fragments under 500 micrometers being most common. Polyethylene, polystyrene, PET, and nylon were the dominant polymer types identified by infrared analysis. The Persian Gulf is a semi-enclosed, heavily industrialized sea, and this data establishes baseline contamination levels needed to track how pollution changes over time.
Exploring the microplastic pollution: Unveiling origins and varieties in coastal sediments and waters of the Bushehr Province, Persian Gulf, Iran
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Researchers conducted a comprehensive survey of microplastic pollution in coastal sediments and waters along the Persian Gulf in Iran. They found microplastics at all sampling sites, with the highest concentrations near petrochemical facilities and urban centers, and fibers being the most common type. The study establishes baseline pollution data for the region and links contamination levels to specific human activities.
Microplastics in wastewater outlets of Bandar Abbas city (Iran): A potential point source of microplastics into the Persian Gulf
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Wastewater discharged from Bandar Abbas City, Iran, into the Persian Gulf contained an average of 71 microplastic particles per 35 liters, with polyethylene and polypropylene as the most common types. This is the first study quantifying microplastic release from this region, establishing a baseline for monitoring plastic inputs into the Persian Gulf.
Plastic debris and microplastics along the beaches of the Strait of Hormuz, Persian Gulf
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Researchers surveyed microplastic abundance along beaches of the Strait of Hormuz in the Persian Gulf, finding concentrations that reflected local anthropogenic activity levels — up to 1,258 particles per kg at the most industrialized site — with fibers dominating and polyethylene, nylon, and PET as the most common polymers.
The occurrence of microplastic contamination in littoral sediments of the Persian Gulf, Iran
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Researchers surveyed littoral sediments of the Persian Gulf for microplastics, finding plastic particles across all sampling sites with a variety of polymer types. The study provides early baseline contamination data for a region with major petrochemical and industrial activity.
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