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Article ? AI-assigned paper type based on the abstract. Classification may not be perfect — flag errors using the feedback button. Tier 2 ? Original research — experimental, observational, or case-control study. Direct primary evidence. Detection Methods Environmental Sources Marine & Wildlife Sign in to save

Characterization of plastic debris and association of metals with microplastics in coastline sediment along the Persian Gulf

Waste Management 2018 291 citations ? Citation count from OpenAlex, updated daily. May differ slightly from the publisher's own count. Score: 45 ? 0–100 AI score estimating relevance to the microplastics field. Papers below 30 are filtered from public browse.
Torsten C. Schmidt Nahid Khajeahmadi, Sina Dobaradaran, Sina Dobaradaran, Nahid Khajeahmadi, Fatemeh Faraji Ghasemi, Sina Dobaradaran, Sina Dobaradaran, Sina Dobaradaran, Sina Dobaradaran, Torsten C. Schmidt Sina Dobaradaran, Sina Dobaradaran, Torsten C. Schmidt Sina Dobaradaran, Torsten C. Schmidt Iraj Nabipour, Sina Dobaradaran, Sina Dobaradaran, Mohammad Javad Mohammadi, Sina Dobaradaran, Sina Dobaradaran, Torsten C. Schmidt Torsten C. Schmidt Sina Dobaradaran, Sina Dobaradaran, Iraj Nabipour, Iraj Nabipour, Iraj Nabipour, Reza Saeedi, Sina Dobaradaran, Sina Dobaradaran, Torsten C. Schmidt Sina Dobaradaran, Sina Dobaradaran, Torsten C. Schmidt Sina Dobaradaran, Sina Dobaradaran, Torsten C. Schmidt Sina Dobaradaran, Sina Dobaradaran, Sina Dobaradaran, Sina Dobaradaran, Sina Dobaradaran, Sina Dobaradaran, Sina Dobaradaran, Sina Dobaradaran, Sina Dobaradaran, Sina Dobaradaran, Reza Saeedi, Sina Dobaradaran, Sina Dobaradaran, Torsten C. Schmidt Sina Dobaradaran, Sina Dobaradaran, Reza Saeedi, Mohammad Javad Mohammadi, Iraj Nabipour, Iraj Nabipour, Saeed Tajbakhsh, Nahid Khajeahmadi, Sina Dobaradaran, Sina Dobaradaran, Sina Dobaradaran, Nahid Khajeahmadi, Mozhgan Keshtkar, Reza Saeedi, Mozhgan Keshtkar, Sina Dobaradaran, Sina Dobaradaran, Torsten C. Schmidt Torsten C. Schmidt Sina Dobaradaran, Torsten C. Schmidt Torsten C. Schmidt Torsten C. Schmidt Iraj Nabipour, Sina Dobaradaran, Sina Dobaradaran, Torsten C. Schmidt Reza Saeedi, Saeed Tajbakhsh, Reza Saeedi, Fatemeh Faraji Ghasemi, Mozhgan Keshtkar, Mozhgan Keshtkar, Sina Dobaradaran, Torsten C. Schmidt Sina Dobaradaran, Sina Dobaradaran, Reza Saeedi, Reza Saeedi, Sina Dobaradaran, Reza Saeedi, Torsten C. Schmidt Torsten C. Schmidt Mohammad Javad Mohammadi, Sina Dobaradaran, Reza Saeedi, Sina Dobaradaran, Reza Saeedi, Reza Saeedi, Torsten C. Schmidt Sina Dobaradaran, Reza Saeedi, Sina Dobaradaran, Sina Dobaradaran, Mozhgan Keshtkar, Sina Dobaradaran, Sina Dobaradaran, Sina Dobaradaran, Mozhgan Keshtkar, Sina Dobaradaran, Sina Dobaradaran, Torsten C. Schmidt Sina Dobaradaran, Maryam Khorsand, Sina Dobaradaran, Sina Dobaradaran, Maryam Khorsand, Sina Dobaradaran, Fatemeh Faraji Ghasemi, Sina Dobaradaran, Torsten C. Schmidt

Summary

Microplastics and sediment samples from Persian Gulf coastlines were found to contain elevated concentrations of heavy metals including lead, cadmium, and mercury, with metals associated with both the plastic surfaces and the surrounding sediment. The study demonstrates that microplastics in this industrialized coastal region accumulate hazardous metals that can be transferred to marine organisms.

Study Type Environmental

This study reports number, size and color distribution, and metal contents of microplastics as well as adherent sediments along the Persian Gulf. Samples were collected from 9 stations in summer 2015 with a sampling time interval of 10 days. Plastic size of 2-5 mm, and ≤0.25 mm with 45 and 33% and white and colorless plastics with 62 and 33% had the highest abundance considering number per m, respectively. In general, the majority of collected plastics (79%) were smaller than 5 mm (defined size for microplastics). The mean Al, Fe, Mn, Cd, Cr, Ni, Pb, Cu contents of plastic fragments were 115, 531, 32.2, 0.035, 0.915, 2.03, 4.59, and 3.6 μg g, respectively while the mean Al, Fe, Mn, Cd, Cr, Ni, Pb, Cu contents of sediments were 186, 3050, 127, 0.81, 5.01, 14.5, 48.6 and 5.43 μg g respectively. There were significant differences between the abundance of plastic items as well as the all examined metal concentrations of microplastics and sediments at different sampling times. As there is no regular cleanup program in the studied areas, significant differences between plastic items number at different sampling times (with higher plastic items number at the first day of sampling) showed that a large number of plastic items may enter from beaches to the sea and become available to marine organisms.

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