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61,005 resultsShowing papers similar to Degradation of Polystyrene Nanoplastics in UV/NaClO and UV/PMS Systems: Insights into Degradation Efficiency, Mechanism, and Toxicity Evaluation
ClearOxidation of polystyrene nanoparticles using ozonation under catalytic and non-catalytic conditions
This study tested whether ozone treatment — a powerful oxidant used in water treatment — can break down polystyrene nanoparticles, which persist through conventional water treatment processes. Ozonation achieved partial degradation of the nanoplastics under both catalytic and non-catalytic conditions, with surface oxidation and chain scission as the main degradation mechanisms. The findings suggest advanced oxidation processes could be adapted to remove nanoplastics from drinking water, a critical gap in current treatment infrastructure.
Kinetic and mechanistic insights into the photo-Fenton oxidation of polystyrene nanoplastics in water
Researchers investigated photo-Fenton oxidation kinetics and mechanisms for polystyrene nanoplastics across five initial particle sizes (140 to 1100 nm) in water, tracking treatment efficiency via turbidity and total organic carbon measurements and using transmission electron microscopy to characterize structural changes, finding that initial particle size influenced degradation rates.
Effects of photochlorination on the physicochemical transformation of polystyrene nanoplastics: Mechanism and environmental fate
Researchers studied how sunlight combined with chlorine in water treatment changes the properties of polystyrene nanoplastics. They found that solar irradiation significantly accelerated the chemical breakdown of the nanoplastics, including surface oxidation and the release of organic compounds. The study reveals that nanoplastics leaving wastewater treatment plants undergo rapid transformation in the environment, which could alter both their fate and toxicity.
Fate of polystyrene and polyethylene nanoplastics exposed to UV in water
Researchers found that UV irradiation progressively degrades polystyrene and polyethylene nanoplastics dispersed in water, causing them to become porous, fragment, and ultimately degrade completely, revealing the photochemical fate of nanoplastics in sunlit aquatic environments.
A multi-analytical approach to evaluate the removal efficiency of polystyrene nanoparticles in water treatment processes
Researchers compared four analytical methods — pyrolysis-GCMS, UV-Vis spectroscopy, total organic carbon, and turbidity — for tracking polystyrene nanoplastic degradation under UV irradiation, finding that pyrolysis-GCMS overestimates removal rates twofold and that even after the styrene signal disappears, only 50% of organic carbon is actually mineralized.
Current Approaches and Challenges in Advanced Oxidation Processes for Nanoplastic Degradation
This review evaluates current methods for breaking down nanoplastics in water, including ozonation, electrochemical treatment, photocatalysis, and plasma-based processes. Researchers found that while these advanced oxidation techniques show promise, significant gaps remain in treating plastic particles smaller than one micrometer. The study highlights the urgent need for better analytical methods and more effective treatment technologies to address nanoplastic pollution in water sources.
Aging of polystyrene microplastics by UV/Sodium percarbonate oxidation: Organic release, mechanism, and disinfection by-product formation
Researchers studied how polystyrene microplastics break down under UV-activated sodium percarbonate oxidation, an advanced water treatment process. The study found that this treatment significantly accelerated microplastic aging and fragmentation while releasing dissolved organic matter that could serve as a precursor for disinfection byproducts during chlorination. Evidence indicates that water treatment processes may inadvertently generate secondary contaminants from microplastic degradation.
Enhancing nanoplastics removal by metal ion-catalyzed ozonation
Researchers found that while standard ozone water treatment reduced the size of polystyrene nanoplastics by over 99% in under five minutes, it left behind smaller fragments and achieved only 16% actual destruction; adding cobalt as a catalyst dramatically improved breakdown to 70% mineralization. The findings reveal an important trade-off: ozonation used for water disinfection may actually generate more, smaller nanoplastic particles unless a catalytic process is included.
Advances in chemical removal and degradation technologies for microplastics in the aquatic environment: A review
This review summarizes recent advances in chemical methods for breaking down microplastics in water, comparing the effectiveness of various techniques including advanced oxidation processes. Developing better ways to destroy microplastics in water is important for public health because current wastewater treatment plants cannot fully remove these persistent particles before water reaches consumers.
A carbon-14 radiotracer-based study on the phototransformation of polystyrene nanoplastics in water versus in air
Researchers used carbon-14 radiotracers to study the phototransformation of polystyrene nanoplastics in water versus air, finding that aqueous conditions promoted both mineralisation and photo-oxidation with significant leaching of carbon from the particles. The results demonstrate that the environmental matrix strongly influences the fate and breakdown rate of nanoplastics.
Degradation of microplastic in water by advanced oxidation processes
This review covers advanced methods for breaking down microplastics in water using powerful chemical reactions and light-activated catalysts that can degrade plastic particles into less harmful substances. Developing effective ways to destroy microplastics in water is critical for human health because conventional water treatment plants do not fully remove these particles from drinking water sources.
Advanced polystyrene nanoplastic remediation through electro-Fenton process: Degradation mechanisms and pathways
Researchers developed a new method using an electro-Fenton process with a copper-cobalt catalyst to break down polystyrene nanoplastics in water, achieving nearly 95% removal efficiency. The system generates powerful molecules called hydroxyl radicals that chemically decompose the plastic particles. While this is a laboratory-scale study, it demonstrates a promising technology that could help remove nanoplastics from drinking water and wastewater.
Plasma-assisted destruction of polystyrene nanoplastics
Researchers developed a plasma-based method to destroy polystyrene nanoplastics in water, achieving a 98.4% removal rate within one hour of treatment. The process breaks the nanoplastics down into very short polymer fragments, and proved more effective than traditional ozone treatment. The study presents a promising new technology for addressing nanoplastic contamination in water purification systems.
Ozone-mediated breakdown of microplastics in aqueous environments
Researchers examined how ozone-based advanced oxidation processes break down microplastics in water treatment settings. They found that while ozone can degrade certain plastics, the effectiveness varies depending on particle size, polymer type, and treatment conditions, and the process may generate nanoplastic byproducts. The study highlights both the promise and limitations of ozone treatment as a strategy for removing microplastics from wastewater.
Advanced oxidation processes for microplastics degradation: A recent trend
This review examined advanced oxidation processes as technologies for breaking down microplastics, including UV treatment, ozone, photocatalysis, and plasma methods. Researchers found that while these approaches can effectively degrade various types of microplastics, the breakdown mostly occurs on particle surfaces, and complete removal remains challenging. The study also warns that partially degraded microplastics may actually become more effective at absorbing and carrying other pollutants.
Application of advanced oxidation processes for the removal of micro/nanoplastics from water: A review
This review summarizes methods for breaking down and removing microplastics and nanoplastics from water using advanced chemical processes that generate powerful cleaning agents like hydroxyl radicals. While these methods can shrink and partially degrade plastic particles, they cannot yet fully break them down, meaning some residue remains. The research is important for developing better water treatment systems that could reduce human exposure to microplastics through drinking water.
Mineralization of polystyrene nanoplastics in water by photo-Fenton oxidation
Researchers demonstrated that a photo-Fenton process — using UV light, hydrogen peroxide, and iron — can completely break down polystyrene nanoplastics in water within just 40 minutes under normal room conditions. This is the first study to achieve full mineralization (conversion to harmless byproducts) of plastic nanoparticles this rapidly, suggesting the method could be integrated into wastewater treatment plants to eliminate nanoplastic pollution.
Advanced oxidation processes for the elimination of microplastics from aqueous systems: Assessment of efficiency, perspectives and limitations
This review evaluates advanced oxidation processes as a strategy for breaking down microplastics in water systems, comparing techniques such as photocatalysis, Fenton reactions, and ozonation. Researchers found that while these methods show promise for degrading microplastics into smaller, less harmful molecules, challenges remain in scaling them for practical use. The study identifies key limitations and suggests directions for making these technologies more efficient and applicable to real-world water treatment.
Engineering functional nanocomposites for enhanced AOP-mediated microplastic mineralization: From mechanistic insights to water remediation strategies
This review examines how advanced oxidation processes such as photocatalysis, Fenton reactions, and electrocatalysis can be used to break down microplastics in water. Researchers evaluated the strengths and limitations of each technique and explored how functional nanomaterials can enhance degradation performance. The study highlights promising directions for developing scalable water treatment solutions to address microplastic contamination.
Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) for the Degradation of Micro and Nano Plastic
This review assesses advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) — including photocatalysis, ozone treatment, electrocatalysis, and Fenton reactions — as methods to break down micro- and nanoplastics in water. While AOPs can degrade plastic particles, most currently achieve only modest levels of complete mineralization, meaning significant plastic residues often remain. The study highlights the need to optimize and potentially combine these techniques to develop effective water treatment solutions for removing nanoplastics from drinking water and wastewater.
Removal of nanoplastics in water treatment processes: A review
This review examines technologies for removing nanoplastics from water, noting that conventional treatment processes effective for larger plastics often fail to capture these tiny particles. Researchers evaluated emerging methods including microbial degradation, membrane filtration, and photocatalysis, finding that combined approaches offer the best removal rates. The study highlights that more research is needed to develop practical, large-scale solutions for nanoplastic contamination in drinking water and wastewater.
Microplastic removal from urban stormwater: Current treatments and research gaps
Researchers investigated the phototransformation of polystyrene microplastics under simulated solar radiation, finding surface oxidation and formation of carbonyl groups after UV exposure. Photo-aged particles showed increased release of dissolved organic carbon and greater toxicity to marine copepods.
Current Approaches and Challenges in Advanced Oxidation Processes for Nanoplastic Degradation
This review examined advanced oxidation processes as techniques for breaking down nanoplastics, including ozonation, electrochemical, photocatalytic, and plasma-based methods. Researchers found that while these approaches show promise for nanoplastic remediation, significant gaps remain in understanding their effectiveness on different plastic types and sizes. The study highlights the need for more standardized research to develop scalable solutions for nanoplastic pollution.
Modeling polystyrene nanoplastics degradation in water via photo-Fenton treatment: A shrinking-particle approach
Researchers developed kinetic models for the degradation of polystyrene nanoplastics in water using photo-Fenton oxidation, a process combining UV light with iron-based catalysts. They investigated how particle size, agitation speed, and temperature affect the degradation rate using a shrinking-particle approach. The study demonstrates that photo-Fenton treatment is a promising method for breaking down nanoplastic pollution in water, though efficiency depends on optimizing multiple reaction parameters.