Papers

61,005 results
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Article Tier 2

Microplastic Abundance and Characteristics in the Bango River, Malang, Indonesia, Based on Land Use Patterns

Researchers quantified microplastic abundance and characterized particle types in the Bango River in Malang, Indonesia, finding significant contamination dominated by fragments and fibers linked to urban and agricultural sources.

2024 Environmental Engineering Science 4 citations
Article Tier 2

Analysis of Microplastics in Water and Biofilm Matrices in Metro River, East Java, Indonesia

Researchers detected microplastics in both water and biofilm matrices across three stations of the Metro River in East Java, Indonesia, with the industrial activity station showing the highest contamination, and fibers being the most common particle shape identified.

2022 The Journal of Experimental Life Sciences 7 citations
Article Tier 2

Distribution of Microplastic Abundance and Composition in Surface Water around Anthropogenic Areas (Case Study: Jeneberang River, South Sulawesi, Indonesia)

Researchers collected surface water samples from eight stations along the Jeneberang River in South Sulawesi categorised by land use type, finding microplastic concentrations ranging from 2.00 to 5.77 particles per litre with microfibers as the dominant morphotype and highest concentrations near a traditional market site approximately 60 metres upstream.

2023 IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science 5 citations
Article Tier 2

The Abundance and Characteristics of Microplastics in the Sediments of the Progo River of Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Researchers analyzed microplastic abundance and characteristics in sediments of the Progo River in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, finding microplastics throughout the river system. Fragment and fiber types dominated, reflecting the widespread plastic waste inputs characteristic of rapidly developing Indonesian urban areas.

2021 Journal of Sustainability Science and Management 8 citations
Article Tier 2

Microplastic distribution in surface water and sediment river around slum and industrial area (case study: Ciwalengke River, Majalaya district, Indonesia)

Microplastics were surveyed in surface water and sediments of the Ciwalengke River in Indonesia across slum and industrial areas, finding average concentrations of 5.85 particles/L in water and 138 items/kg in sediment with fibers as the dominant form. The study is the first to examine microplastic contamination in a slum-dominated Indonesian river environment, documenting high concentrations linked to informal waste disposal.

2019 Chemosphere 433 citations
Article Tier 2

Identifikasi Karakteristik dan Kelimpahan Mikroplastik Pada Sampel Air Kali Surabaya

This Indonesian study characterized microplastic abundance and types in water samples from the Kali Surabaya river in Surabaya. The urban waterway showed widespread plastic contamination, with sources linked to densely populated residential areas along the riverbanks.

2023 Environmental Pollution Journal
Article Tier 2

Presence of microplastics in surface waters and sediments of urban tropical river: A case study in the Karang Mumus River along Samarinda City, Indonesia

Researchers found microplastics in every water and sediment sample collected from an urban tropical river in Samarinda, Indonesia, with polyethylene being the most common plastic type and films being the most frequent shape. This first study of the river provides a baseline for understanding microplastic pollution in under-studied tropical urban waterways in Southeast Asia.

2024 Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology 1 citations
Article Tier 2

Initial investigation of microplastic pollution in river sediments at Yogyakarta City Indonesia

Researchers conducted an initial investigation of microplastic pollution in river sediments crossing Yogyakarta City in Indonesia, finding microplastics at all sampling sites. Fragment and fiber types dominated, reflecting common plastic pollution sources in this urban environment.

2021 Sustinere Journal of Environment and Sustainability 6 citations
Article Tier 2

Assessment of Microplastic Pollution in Surface Water within a Densely Populated Area of the Kranji River Basin in Purwokerto, Indonesia

Researchers assessed microplastic pollution in the surface water of the Kranji River Basin in Purwokerto, Indonesia, a densely populated urban area, characterising particle abundance, morphology, colour, and polymer type. The study documented widespread microplastic contamination and identified key sources associated with urban population density, waste management practices, and proximity to human settlements.

2025
Article Tier 2

Identifikasi Kelimpahan dan Karakteristik Mikroplastik pada Air Kali Mas, Kota Surabaya

This Indonesian study characterized microplastic abundance and type in water from the Kali Mas river in Surabaya. Plastic fragments and fibers were detected throughout the urban waterway, reflecting the impact of dense residential and commercial activity on local water quality.

2023 Environmental Pollution Journal 1 citations
Article Tier 2

Occurrence and visual characterization of microplastics from Mahakam River at Tenggarong City, Indonesia

Researchers detected and visually characterized microplastics in water samples from the Mahakam River near Tenggarong City, Indonesia, contributing to limited freshwater microplastic data from the country that produces approximately 7.8 million tons of plastic waste annually. Microplastics were found in river samples, with fiber and fragment morphotypes dominant, reflecting local plastic waste mismanagement.

2024 Journal of Contaminant Hydrology 9 citations
Article Tier 2

Microplastic pollution in Surabaya River Water and Aquatic Biota, Indonesia

Researchers surveyed microplastic contamination in the Surabaya River and its aquatic organisms in Indonesia, finding MPs in water, sediment, and multiple fish species, with fiber concentrations highest near densely populated urban areas and fish tissue contamination raising concerns for human exposure through seafood consumption.

2021 IOP Conference Series Materials Science and Engineering 28 citations
Article Tier 2

Effect of Anthropogenic Type and Depth on Microplastic Abundance in Mahakam River Water, Samarinda City

This Indonesian study measured microplastic concentrations in water from the Mahakam River at different depths and near different land use types in Samarinda city. The results showed higher plastic levels near urban and agricultural areas, providing data on plastic pollution in a major Borneo river that local communities depend on.

2023 Trends in Sciences 2 citations
Article Tier 2

The occurrence and abundance of microplastics in surface water of the midstream and downstream of the Cisadane River, Indonesia

Researchers investigated microplastic contamination in the Cisadane River, Indonesia, finding 13 to 113 particles per cubic meter in surface water with higher abundance downstream, dominated by polyethylene, polystyrene, and polypropylene fragments from household and industrial sources.

2021 Chemosphere 101 citations
Article Tier 2

Microplastic pollution differences in freshwater river according to stream order: Insights from spatial distribution, annual load, and ecological assessment

Researchers compared microplastic pollution levels in a freshwater river across different land-use zones, finding higher concentrations near urban and agricultural areas than in forested regions. Fiber-type microplastics were predominant across all sampling locations.

2024 Journal of Environmental Management 5 citations
Article Tier 2

Preliminary Study of Microplastic Abundance in Rivers of Greater Semarang Area, Indonesia

Researchers surveyed two rivers in the Semarang region of Indonesia and found microplastics at every sampling site, with concentrations increasing downstream and polyethylene sheet fragments — likely from single-use plastic bags — being the most common type, underlining the need for better waste management to reduce plastic entering waterways.

2023 International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning 2 citations
Article Tier 2

Characteristics, Contamination Levels, and Ecosystem Risk Assessment of Microplastics in Surface Water of a Highly Urbanized River from a Developing Country

Researchers characterized microplastic contamination in an urban river near a megacity in a developing country, finding concentrations of 350 to 660 particles per cubic meter of water. Polyethylene and polypropylene from household and municipal waste were the most common types, and a risk assessment found concerning contamination levels at several sampling sites. The study highlights how rivers in developing nations can serve as major pathways for microplastics to reach the ocean and enter the food chain.

2024 ACS Omega 14 citations
Article Tier 2

Abundance, Distribution and Drivers of Microplastic Contaminant in Urban River Environments

Researchers surveyed microplastic distribution in urban river environments and identified key drivers of accumulation hotspots, finding that land use, hydrology, and infrastructure factors concentrated microplastics at predictable locations that could inform targeted management interventions.

2018 Preprints.org 38 citations
Article Tier 2

Characterization of Microplastics in Jakarta’s Urban Downstream and Estuary Water Bodies

Researchers characterized microplastic contamination in urban water bodies of Jakarta -- specifically Sunter River, Buaran River, and Marunda Estuary -- which serve as conduits for plastic waste to the ocean. Microplastics were abundant in all sampled water bodies, with fiber and fragment morphotypes dominant, reflecting the high density of urban plastic sources in the surrounding catchments.

2024 Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology 1 citations
Article Tier 2

Karakteristik sampah mikroplastik di Muara Sungai DKI Jakarta

This Indonesian-language study characterized microplastics found at the mouths of rivers flowing through Jakarta. River mouths are major hotspots for plastic accumulation, as they collect debris washed from urban areas and funnel it toward coastal and marine environments.

2019 DEPIK 17 citations
Article Tier 2

Distribution characteristics of microplastics in urban rivers in Chengdu city: The influence of land-use type and population and related suggestions

Researchers surveyed microplastic concentrations in urban rivers of Chengdu, China, finding MP abundances of 20-763 items per liter in water and linking higher concentrations to dense residential areas and industrial land use. Polyethylene and polypropylene fibers dominated the MP assemblage, consistent with textile laundering and household waste as primary sources.

2022 The Science of The Total Environment 53 citations
Article Tier 2

Unraveling Microplastic Presence in Freshwater and Sediment of Rejoso River, Indonesia

Researchers investigated microplastic presence in water and sediment of the Rejoso River in Indonesia across 12 sampling sites, characterizing the types, abundances, and distribution patterns of microplastic particles in this tropical freshwater system.

2025 Environmental Quality Management
Article Tier 2

Identification of the Existence and Type of Microplastic in Code River Fish, Special Region of Yogyakarta

Researchers identified the presence and polymer types of microplastics in fish from the Code River in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, providing early evidence of microplastic contamination in riverine fish from this urban waterway.

2020 EKSAKTA Journal of Sciences and Data Analysis 24 citations
Article Tier 2

Spatial Dynamics of Microplastic Pollution in Water and Sediments of the Ciliwung River along with Conditions of Water Quality Field Parameters and Population Density

This study mapped the spatial distribution of microplastics in water and sediment across Indonesia's heavily populated Ciliwung River, finding significant contamination linked to population density and land use. The dominant types were fragments and fibers from textiles and synthetic materials, with concentrations varying along the river's length. The results underscore the threat that densely settled riverine systems pose as conduits of microplastic pollution into coastal and marine environments.

2023 Journal of Ecological Engineering 1 citations