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61,005 resultsShowing papers similar to Ecotoxicological Effects of Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Microplastics on the Growth, Reproduction and Survival of Daphnia magna
ClearEffects of Microplastics on Aquatic Animals: A Case Study on Daphnia
Researchers exposed Daphnia water fleas to ten types of virgin plastic materials (HDPE, LDPE, PA, PVC, PP, PS, TPU, etc.) and measured survival, reproduction, and behavioral endpoints, finding that PVC and certain engineering plastics caused the greatest acute toxicity while softer polyolefins had lower effects.
Effects of Different Microplastic Types and Surfactant-Microplastic Mixtures Under Fasting and Feeding Conditions: A Case Study on Daphnia magna
Daphnia magna were exposed to PP, PE, PVC, and PVC/PE microplastics alone and mixed with surfactants under fasting and feeding conditions, with results showing that homo-agglomeration of plastic particles caused mortality and immobilization, PVC combined with surfactant was most toxic, and food presence reduced effects. The study demonstrates that microplastic type, surface chemistry, and food availability all interact to determine ecotoxicity.
Ecological fitness impairments induced by chronic exposure to polyvinyl chloride nanospheres in Daphnia magna
Researchers exposed the freshwater organism Daphnia magna to environmentally relevant concentrations of polyvinyl chloride and polystyrene nanoplastics over 21 days. They found that PVC nanoplastics caused greater impairments to growth, reproduction, and overall ecological fitness compared to polystyrene particles of similar size. The study suggests that the chemical composition of nanoplastics, not just their size, plays a significant role in determining their toxicity to aquatic organisms.
Effects of Microplastics on Reproduction and Growth of Freshwater Live Feeds Daphnia magna
Researchers found that microplastic exposure negatively affected reproduction and juvenile growth in Daphnia magna, a key freshwater zooplankton species, with effects worsening at higher concentrations and posing risks for aquatic food chains.
Review on the ecotoxicological impacts of plastic pollution on the freshwater invertebrate Daphnia
This review examines the ecotoxicological impacts of plastic pollution on the freshwater invertebrate Daphnia, a widely used model organism. Researchers highlight that microplastics affect Daphnia reproduction, growth, and survival, and that chemicals leaching from plastics may contribute additional toxic effects that transfer through food webs.
Effects of Exposure to Cadmium, Microplastics, and Their Mixture on Survival, Growth, Feeding, and Life History of Daphnia magna
Researchers examined how polyethylene microplastics altered cadmium toxicity to Daphnia magna, finding that microplastic co-exposure modified cadmium bioavailability and affected survival, growth, feeding rates, and reproductive outcomes in this ecologically important species.
Effects of polyvinyl chloride microplastics on reproduction, oxidative stress and reproduction and detoxification-related genes in Daphnia magna
Researchers exposed water fleas (Daphnia magna) to PVC microplastics of two different sizes and measured effects on reproduction, oxidative stress, and gene expression. They found that smaller microplastics caused greater reproductive impairment and stronger oxidative stress responses, along with changes in genes related to reproduction and detoxification. The study demonstrates that microplastic size is an important factor in determining toxicity to freshwater invertebrates.
The Effects of Polyethylene and Polypropylene Microplastics on Daphnia dentifera
Researchers examined the effects of polyethylene and polypropylene microplastics on the body size, swim speed, and clonal growth rate of the freshwater crustacean Daphnia dentifera, assessing sublethal physiological and behavioural impacts of two common plastic polymer types.
Effect of Polystyrene Microplastics in Different Diet Combinations on Survival, Growth and Reproduction Rates of the Water Flea (Daphnia magna)
Researchers exposed Daphnia magna water fleas to 6-micrometer fluorescent polystyrene microplastics across different diet combinations over 21 days, finding that animals fed only microplastics showed survival declines similar to starved controls and the least growth, while algae co-feeding partially mitigated but did not eliminate reproductive impacts.
Sublethal effects induced by different plastic nano-sized particles in Daphnia magna at environmentally relevant concentrations
Researchers tested whether nanoplastics made from three different plastics — polystyrene, polyethylene, and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) — harm tiny water fleas called Daphnia magna at environmentally realistic concentrations, finding that PVC nanoplastics caused the most damage to both cellular health and swimming behavior. This suggests that studies focused only on polystyrene nanoplastics may be underestimating the true hazard of nanoplastic pollution.
Impacts and uptake of environmentally relevant microplastics by Daphnia pulex
Researchers exposed Daphnia pulex to environmentally realistic concentrations and shapes of PVC microplastics — including non-spherical forms — to assess biological impacts and uptake. The study found measurable effects on survival and reproduction at environmentally relevant exposures, with irregular-shaped microplastics presenting risks distinct from the spherical particles typically used in laboratory studies.
The synergistic effect of mono and co-exposure of microplastic suspensions on Daphnia magna’s survival, population density, reproduction rate & swimming behavior.
When water fleas (Daphnia magna) were exposed to mixtures of HDPE, LDPE, and polypropylene microplastics together, the combined toxicity was substantially greater than any single polymer alone, with the mixture LC50 dropping to 77 mg/L compared to 109–123 mg/L for individual plastics. This synergistic effect — reducing survival, reproduction, and normal swimming behavior — is an important finding because organisms in nature encounter mixtures of plastic types, not just one at a time.
Microplastics enhance Daphnia magna sensitivity to the pyrethroid insecticide deltamethrin: Effects on life history traits
Researchers tested whether polyethylene microplastics alter the toxicity of the pyrethroid insecticide deltamethrin to Daphnia magna and found that microplastic presence increased sensitivity to deltamethrin, reducing survival and reproductive output at concentrations that were not toxic without microplastics.
Effects of microplastic particles and leaching additive on the life history and morphology of Daphnia magna
Researchers compared the chronic effects of flexible PVC microplastics containing the plasticizer DiNP versus rigid PVC without plasticizer on the freshwater crustacean Daphnia magna. They found that flexible PVC increased body length and reduced offspring production, while rigid PVC and glass bead controls had no effect. The study demonstrates that the plasticizer additive leaching from microplastics, rather than the plastic particle itself, can be the primary driver of biological harm.
Microplastic ingestion by Daphnia magna and its enhancement on algal growth
Researchers examined microplastic ingestion by the freshwater zooplankton Daphnia magna and its downstream effects on algal growth, finding that the organisms readily ingested microparticles. The study also observed that microplastic exposure indirectly enhanced algal growth, possibly by reducing grazing pressure, suggesting that plastic pollution could alter freshwater food web dynamics.
Is the development of Daphnia magna neonates affected by short-term exposure to polyethylene microplastics?
Daphnia magna neonates ingested polyethylene microplastics within the first 24 hours of exposure but showed no significant effects on mobility or molting, though food availability was a more powerful driver of development than microplastic concentration. The study highlights the importance of accounting for feeding regime when interpreting microplastic toxicity tests.
Impacts of polystyrene microplastics on Daphnia magna: A laboratory and a mesocosm study
Laboratory tests and mesocosm experiments with Daphnia magna and polystyrene microplastics found that effects at high concentrations were more related to food dilution than direct toxicity, and population-level effects in mesocosms were minimal. The study emphasizes the importance of using realistic concentrations and multi-species systems to assess microplastic risks.
The interactions between microplastic polyvinyl chloride and marine diatoms: Physiological, morphological, and growth effects
Researchers investigated the toxic effects of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) microplastics on three marine diatom species, finding that increasing PVC concentrations and exposure times disrupted photosynthetic efficiency and reduced cell density in Phaeodactylum tricornutum, Chaetoceros gracilis, and Thalassiosira sp.
Ecotoxicology of microplastics in Daphnia: A review focusing on microplastic properties and multiscale attributes of Daphnia
This review synthesizes research on how microplastics affect Daphnia, a key organism in aquatic food webs, across individual, population, and community levels. Researchers found that the toxicity of microplastics to Daphnia depends heavily on the physical and chemical properties of the particles, and that combined exposure with other pollutants can produce more severe effects. The study highlights Daphnia as an important indicator species for understanding how microplastic pollution cascades through aquatic ecosystems.
Toxic Effects of Ester Based Polymers on Daphnia Magna: a Laboratory Microcosm Study
Researchers assessed the acute and chronic toxicity of polycarbonate, PET, and polybutylene terephthalate microplastics on Daphnia magna, finding EC50 values of 2.6, 4.7, and greater than 100 mg/L respectively at 72 hours, with physiological effects observed even at low immobilization rates. The study demonstrates that ester-based polymer microplastics differ substantially in their toxicity to freshwater zooplankton.
Negative food dilution and positive biofilm carrier effects of microplastic ingestion by D. magna cause tipping points at the population level
Experiments with Daphnia magna showed that clean microplastics reduced survival and reproduction through food dilution at high concentrations, while biofouled microplastics had a slight positive biofilm carrier effect, with the net outcome depending on the balance between these competing mechanisms.
Impact of polystyrene microplastics on Daphnia magna mortality and reproduction in relation to food availability
Researchers exposed the freshwater crustacean Daphnia magna to polystyrene microplastics under varying food availability conditions and found that microplastic impacts on mortality and reproduction were most severe when food was limited. The study suggests that the ecological effects of microplastics on zooplankton are strongly influenced by nutritional status, with food-stressed organisms being more vulnerable to particle ingestion.
Effects of microplastics on key reproductive and biochemical endpoints of the freshwater microcrustacean Daphnia magna
Researchers studied how microplastics affect reproduction and biochemistry in the freshwater water flea Daphnia magna, a widely used indicator species. They found that microplastic exposure led to changes in reproductive output and altered key biochemical markers in these small crustaceans. The study suggests that even tiny plastic particles can disrupt important biological functions in freshwater organisms that form the base of aquatic food webs.
Effects of chronic exposure to microplastics and microplastics associated with polychlorinated biphenyl 153 on Daphnia magna
A 21-day chronic exposure study found that polyethylene microbeads alone and in combination with PCB-153 affected survival and reproduction of Daphnia magna, with the combined exposure producing more pronounced reproductive impairment than either pollutant alone.