Papers

61,005 results
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Article Tier 2

Microplastics: A Review of Methodology for Sampling and Characterizing Environmental and Biological Samples

This review examines the range of methodologies available for sampling and characterising environmental microplastics, highlighting how variability in collection, separation, detection, and identification procedures limits cross-study comparisons and discussing how complementary technique combinations can improve standardisation and data quality.

2021 Methods in molecular biology 6 citations
Article Tier 2

Sampling and Sample Preparation Techniques for Micro- and Nanoplastics

Scientists don't have a standard way to find and measure tiny plastic particles (microplastics) in our environment, making it hard to compare research results. This review paper examines different methods researchers use to detect these plastic particles in air, water, soil, food, and living things. Having better, consistent testing methods is important because microplastics are found throughout our environment and food chain, but we can't properly track their health effects without reliable measurement techniques.

2026
Article Tier 2

Advanced Techniques for Sampling, Quantification, and Characterization of Microplastics

This review chapter covers the full workflow of microplastic analysis — from sampling strategies and extraction methods through identification, quantification, and characterization techniques — and emphasizes the need for standardized protocols across different environmental matrices and biological samples. Without consistent methods, results from different studies cannot be reliably compared, making it harder to understand the true scale of microplastic contamination. Methodological standardization is considered a foundational requirement for advancing the field.

2025 1 citations
Article Tier 2

Methods for sampling, processing, identification,and quantification of microplastics in the marine environment

This paper reviews and compares the various methods used to collect, process, identify, and quantify microplastics across different environmental samples. It highlights the lack of standardized protocols as a major obstacle to comparing results across studies and calls for methodological harmonization.

2020 Oceanography in Japan 12 citations
Article Tier 2

Analytical methods for the determination of microplastics in the environment

This review examines analytical methods used to identify and quantify microplastics in environmental samples, covering microscopy, spectroscopy, and chromatographic techniques as applied to water, soil, and biological matrices. The work evaluates the advantages and limitations of each method, discussing their real-world applicability for standardised microplastic monitoring across different sample types.

2024 Repository of Faculty of Geotechnical Engineering
Article Tier 2

Isolation and Extraction of Microplastics from Environmental Samples: An Evaluation of Practical Approaches and Recommendations for Further Harmonization

Isolation and extraction methods for microplastics from environmental samples were evaluated and compared, tracing the evolution of methodologies from early studies in the 1970s to current approaches. The review identified persistent inconsistencies in extraction efficiency across methods as a major obstacle to comparing microplastic contamination data across studies and locations.

2020 Applied Spectroscopy 200 citations
Article Tier 2

Quantifying micro- and nanoplastics

This work addresses methodological approaches for quantifying micro- and nanoplastics in environmental samples, examining analytical techniques, sampling strategies, and measurement challenges. The publication is part of the international research literature on standardizing plastic particle detection and quantification methods.

2024 SPIRE - Sciences Po Institutional REpository
Article Tier 2

Methods for Micro‐ and Nanoplastics Analysis

This review examines analytical methods for detecting, identifying, and quantifying micro- and nanoplastics across terrestrial, aquatic, and atmospheric environments, evaluating identification and quantification techniques as prerequisites for effective remediation of these pervasive contaminants.

2024 1 citations
Article Tier 2

Microplastic in Soil: a Review of Detection Methods

This review examines published approaches for detecting and identifying microplastics in soil environments, synthesizing sampling, extraction, and characterization methods to address the lack of standardization that hinders cross-study comparisons. Researchers found that unifying detection methods is essential for developing a common understanding of microplastic prevalence and impact in terrestrial ecosystems.

2024 Проблемы агрохимии и экологии
Article Tier 2

Methods to optimize the collection, pretreatment, extraction, separation, and examination of microplastics in soil, groundwater, and human samples

This review evaluates and compares methods for detecting microplastics in soil, groundwater, and human tissue samples, finding significant inconsistencies that make it hard to compare results across studies. Standardizing these detection methods is critical for accurately measuring human microplastic exposure and understanding its health effects.

2025 Journal of Hazardous Materials 10 citations
Article Tier 2

Challenge for the detection of microplastics in the environment

This review examines the major challenges in detecting and quantifying microplastics across different environmental matrices, including sampling inconsistencies, contamination risks, and limitations of current analytical methods. Addressing these methodological challenges is essential for producing reliable data on microplastic pollution levels worldwide.

2019 Water Environment Research 192 citations
Article Tier 2

A Review of Analytical Methods Used in Microplastics Quantification

This review evaluates the various analytical methods used to detect and quantify microplastics in the environment, highlighting inconsistencies in sampling and analysis across studies. Standardizing methods is a critical priority for the field, as inconsistent approaches make it difficult to compare results and track pollution trends over time.

2021 IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science 8 citations
Article Tier 2

A methodological approach of the current literature on microplastic contamination in terrestrial environments: Current knowledge and baseline considerations

This review of microplastic pollution in terrestrial and agricultural soils finds that a lack of standardized extraction and identification procedures makes most studies incomparable, calling for baseline contamination controls and harmonized reporting of concentrations, morphotypes, and analytical methods. The authors identify knowledge gaps for future research and provide minimum recommended procedures for field studies.

2020 The Science of The Total Environment 155 citations
Article Tier 2

Chemical Analysis of Microplastics and Nanoplastics: Challenges, Advanced Methods, and Perspectives

This review covers the latest laboratory methods for detecting and measuring microplastics and nanoplastics in environmental samples like water, food, and air. Identifying these tiny particles is extremely challenging because they vary enormously in size, shape, and plastic type, and concentrations can differ by billions of times between samples. Better standardized detection methods are essential for accurately understanding how much microplastic humans are actually exposed to.

2021 Chemical Reviews 927 citations
Article Tier 2

Microplastics as an emerging hazard to terrestrial and marine ecosystems: Sources, Occurrence and Analytical Methods

This review summarized the sources, occurrence, and detection methods for microplastics across multiple environmental compartments, noting that methodological limitations make comparison across studies difficult. The review calls for standardized analytical approaches to better quantify global microplastic contamination.

2021 E3S Web of Conferences
Article Tier 2

Extraction and detection methods of microplastics in food and marine systems: A critical review

This critical review evaluates the various methods used to extract and detect microplastics in food and marine samples, from sample preparation to analytical identification. Researchers found significant inconsistencies across studies in how microplastics are separated, quantified, and characterized, making it difficult to compare results. The study calls for standardized protocols to enable more reliable assessments of microplastic contamination in food and the environment.

2021 Chemosphere 164 citations
Article Tier 2

A systematic protocol of microplastics analysis from their identification to quantification in water environment: A comprehensive review

This review provides a systematic protocol for identifying and quantifying microplastics in water environments, covering sampling, extraction, and analytical techniques. Researchers evaluate the strengths and limitations of methods including visual sorting, spectroscopic analysis, and thermal techniques for characterizing microplastic pollution. The study emphasizes the urgent need for standardized methodologies to enable meaningful comparisons across different microplastic research studies.

2020 Journal of Hazardous Materials 150 citations
Article Tier 2

Sampling strategies and analytical techniques for assessment of airborne micro and nano plastics

This review evaluates sampling strategies and analytical techniques for assessing airborne micro- and nanoplastics in indoor and outdoor environments, highlighting methodological limitations and the lack of standardization that hinder cross-study comparisons.

2023 Environment International 42 citations
Article Tier 2

Microplastics in food - a critical approach to definition, sample preparation, and characterisation

This review critically examines how microplastics in food are defined, extracted, and analyzed across different studies, finding significant inconsistencies that make it hard to compare results. The lack of standardized methods for isolating and identifying microplastics in food means that contamination levels may be over- or underestimated. The authors call for unified research methods to enable credible assessments of how dietary microplastic exposure affects health.

2023 Food Chemistry 40 citations
Article Tier 2

A Complete Guide to Extraction Methods of Microplastics from Complex Environmental Matrices

This review provides a comprehensive guide to the methods used for extracting microplastics from complex environmental samples like soil, sediment, water, and biological tissue. Researchers compare the effectiveness, cost, and practicality of different extraction approaches. The study highlights the ongoing need for standardized, efficient methods so that microplastic pollution measurements from different studies can be reliably compared.

2023 Molecules 126 citations
Article Tier 2

An Introduction to Microplastics, and Its Sampling Processes and Assessment Techniques

This book chapter introduces microplastics — their definitions, environmental prevalence, and health risks — and surveys current methods for collecting and analyzing environmental samples. It serves as a practical primer on sampling and detection techniques, which is foundational for standardizing the science needed to assess human and ecological exposure.

2023
Article Tier 2

The Emerging of Microplastic and Nanoplastic as Pollutants and their Characterization and Analysis

This review presents an integrated approach to sampling, sample preparation, and analytical methods for detecting microplastics and nanoplastics in solid and aqueous environmental samples, discussing current challenges and emerging methodologies for more accurate characterization.

2023 Brazilian Journal of Analytical Chemistry 3 citations
Article Tier 2

Microplastics, an Emerging Concern: A Review of Analytical Techniques for Detecting and Quantifying Microplatics

This review surveyed analytical methods for detecting and quantifying microplastics published from 2000 to 2018, covering visual identification, spectroscopic, and pyrolysis-based techniques across environmental, food, and biological matrices. The authors identify the lack of standardized methods as a major barrier to generating comparable data on microplastic prevalence and health implications.

2019 Analytical Methods in Environmental Chemistry Journal 82 citations
Article Tier 2

Methodologies to characterize, identify and quantify nano- and sub-micron sized plastics in relevant media for human exposure: a critical review

This review critically evaluated methodologies for characterizing, identifying, and quantifying nano- and sub-micron sized plastics in media relevant to human exposure, highlighting analytical gaps and the need for standardized approaches.

2022 Environmental Science Advances 27 citations