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Papers
61,005 resultsShowing papers similar to Carbon for Chemicals:How can biomass contribute to the defossilisation of the chemicals sector?
ClearDefossilising fuels and chemicals – a systemic analysis from feedstock and technology, to hurdles and enablers
A systemic analysis examined the pathways and challenges of replacing fossil-derived fuels and chemicals with bio-based alternatives, highlighting trade-offs in sustainability and scalability. The work is relevant to reducing the fossil-plastic pipeline that drives ongoing microplastic pollution.
Resources for Defossilized Chemical Production in the United States
Researchers analyzed the feasibility of defossilizing U.S. chemical production by replacing fossil fuel feedstocks and energy carriers with non-fossil alternatives, finding sufficient domestic non-fossil feedstock availability with regional advantages. The study maps potential feedstock sources and processing locations and identifies enabling technologies for building fossil-free chemical supply chains.
Replacing all petroleum-based chemical products with natural biomass-based chemical products: a tutorial review
This tutorial review explores the feasibility of replacing petroleum-based chemical products with alternatives derived from natural biomass. The study examines the current ratio of petroleum-derived chemical production and outlines pathways for transitioning to plant-based and other renewable feedstocks. The review suggests that biomass-based replacements could significantly reduce plastic pollution and dependence on fossil fuels.
Defossilizing Chemical Industry as an Integrated Solution for Indonesia's Climate and Pandemic Crisis
This book chapter examines defossilizing the chemical industry as an integrated solution to Indonesia's climate crisis and pandemic recovery, framing it within a broader environmental and technology strategy that also addresses microplastics and persistent organic pollutants. The study argues that transitioning away from fossil-based chemical production can contribute simultaneously to sustainability and post-pandemic resilience.
Performance evaluation of biogenic CO2‐based renewable chemicals: A holistic life cycle assessment and multi‐criteria approach
Researchers conducted an integrated life cycle assessment and life cycle costing analysis of emerging bioprocesses that convert biogenic CO2 into value-added chemicals through gas and liquid fermentation pathways, applying a multi-criteria decision-making framework combining analytic hierarchy process and TOPSIS methods. The study evaluated the environmental and economic performance of these carbon utilization routes as potential pathways for decarbonizing the chemical sector.
Pyrolysis in the Chemical Industry and Its Major Industrial Applications
This review examines pyrolysis as an irreversible thermochemical process applied across the chemical industry to convert petroleum, coal, wood, biomass, oil shale, and organic waste into carbon products, gases, and condensable liquids, with applications including fuel production from biomass. The authors describe how pyrolysis product distributions can be controlled by optimizing temperature and residence time parameters.
Plastics Are Paving the Way for a Greener Future and Accelerating Decarbonization
This review examines how fossil fuel-based polymers contribute to UN Sustainable Development Goals by enabling applications in solar energy, energy storage, low-carbon transportation, and plastic waste-to-biofuel conversion via thermochemical processes including pyrolysis. The authors argue that a dual strategy combining bio-based polymer development with advanced recycling is necessary to decarbonize the plastics sector.
Physical-Chemical Characterization of Different Carbon-Based Sorbents for Environmental Applications
Researchers characterized and compared the physical-chemical properties of activated carbon and two biochars for environmental remediation applications, finding that the biochars offer comparable performance to activated carbon while providing a lower-cost circular economy alternative derived from waste pyrolysis.
Planet compatible pathways for transitioning the chemical industry
Researchers modeled seven planet-compatible transition pathways for the global chemical industry to 2050, finding that combining resource efficiency, circularity, and feedstock substitution interventions could reduce chemicals demand by 23-33% and require total investments of US$1.2-3.7 trillion, with demand-side measures being critical to managing constraints on biogenic and recyclate feedstocks.
Mitigating greenhouse gases emissions in processing fossil carbon containing industrial waste
Researchers assessed best available techniques (BAT) for reducing greenhouse gas emissions from waste treatment of fossil carbon-containing materials including oil, plastic, and rubber. The analysis found that recycling is the primary recommended method, and that effective GHG mitigation policy requires integrating waste management with full product life-cycle optimization.
Estimating fossil carbon contributions from chemicals and microplastics in Sweden's urban wastewater systems: A model-based approach
A modeling study estimated that fossil-derived carbon makes up roughly 12–17% of the total carbon flowing into Swedish municipal wastewater treatment plants, with microplastics accounting for about 13% of that fossil carbon fraction. This is relevant because wastewater treatment plants emit greenhouse gases, and IPCC guidelines now require accounting for fossil carbon separately from biogenic carbon in those emissions. The study provides a practical framework for other countries to estimate plastic-derived fossil carbon contributions to wastewater emissions inventories.
Bio-based plastics in a circular economy: A review of recovery pathways and implications for product design
Researchers reviewed how bio-based plastics — made from renewable plant sources — can be recovered and recycled at end-of-life, finding that the feasibility of eight different recovery methods depends heavily not just on plastic chemistry but on how products are designed, and offering guidance for designers to improve recyclability.
Green Chemistry, Biocatalysis, and the Chemical Industry of the Future
This review discusses how biotechnology and green chemistry can drive a future circular chemical industry by enabling enzyme-based plastic recycling, converting waste feedstocks into bulk chemicals, and integrating bioreactors with renewable electricity.
Expanding plastics recycling technologies: chemical aspects, technology status and challenges
This review examined the full life cycle of plastics and evaluated options for managing plastic waste, with a focus on chemical recycling technologies. The study suggests that overcoming barriers to industrial chemical recycling could open new opportunities for reducing plastic pollution.
Bio-based Business Models: specific and general learnings from recent good practice cases in different business sectors
Researchers analysed six bio-based good practice cases across different business sectors that successfully progressed from concept to market, finding that the traditional Business Model Canvas requires extension with sustainability and bioeconomy-specific factors to adequately capture the competitiveness and value chain challenges of bio-based solutions.
Hydrothermal carbonization of plastic waste: A review of its potential in alternative energy applications
Researchers reviewed how hydrothermal carbonization — a process that converts materials into a coal-like substance using heat and water under pressure — can transform plastic waste into useful products like solid fuels, catalysts, and materials for energy storage devices. While the technology is promising, challenges like variable plastic feedstock quality and scaling up production must be addressed before widespread commercial use.
Chemical-Physical Characterization of Bio-Based Biodegradable Plastics in View of Identifying Suitable Recycling/Recovery Strategies and Numerical Modeling of PLA Pyrolysis
Researchers characterized several bio-based and biodegradable polymer alternatives to conventional plastics using chemical-physical methods, assessing their suitability for industrial composting and identifying challenges in managing these bioplastics in the existing waste stream.
Achieving negative emissions in plastics life cycles through the conversion of biomass feedstock
This study assessed whether using bio-based plastics in long-term applications could achieve carbon-negative life cycles, finding that using biomass feedstocks can reduce the carbon footprint of plastics but only under specific conditions. While reducing plastic pollution is important, this research suggests the climate benefit of bioplastics depends heavily on how they are managed at end of life.
Harvesting marine plastic pollutants-derived renewable energy: A comprehensive review on applied energy and sustainable approach.
This review summarized recent research on recovering renewable energy from marine plastic waste through biological, chemical, and thermal conversion processes, evaluating each pathway's carbon efficiency, global warming potential, and economic viability as part of a circular economy approach to plastic pollution.
Driving sustainability in the automotive industry: bio-coated materials and modern strategies
This review examines bio-coated and sustainable materials in automotive manufacturing, exploring how replacing conventional petroleum-based plastics with bio-based alternatives could reduce the industry's environmental footprint. The authors assess current material options, performance trade-offs, and regulatory drivers pushing the sector toward circular economy models.
Assessment of carbon emission potential of polyvinyl chloride plastics
Researchers used life cycle assessment to quantify carbon emissions from PVC plastic production and recycling, finding that producing 1 kg of PVC generates 7.83 kg CO2-equivalent, with fossil fuel-derived acetylene as the largest contributor, highlighting opportunities to reduce emissions by substituting raw materials.
Bamboos: From Bioresource to Sustainable Materials and Chemicals
This review covers bamboo as an exceptionally engineered natural bioresource, examining its applications as a sustainable feedstock for materials, chemicals, and bio-based products that can substitute for conventional plastics and petrochemicals.
Sustainable Petrochemical Alternatives From Plastic Upcycling
This review examined pathways for upcycling plastic waste into sustainable petrochemical alternatives, addressing the poor end-of-life recovery prospects that allow carbon-rich plastics to degrade into microplastics in landfills and oceans. The paper assessed chemical and thermochemical conversion technologies that could turn plastic waste into feedstocks for the chemical industry.
Biobased Activated Carbon and Its Application
Not relevant to microplastics — this chapter reviews biobased activated carbon derived from biomass, covering its production, high surface area properties, and applications in water treatment, air purification, energy storage, and soil remediation; microplastics are listed as one of many pollutants it can adsorb but are not the paper's focus.