Papers

20 results
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Article Tier 2

A review of the endocrine disrupting effects of micro and nano plastic and their associated chemicals in mammals

This review summarizes how micro- and nanoplastics carry hormone-disrupting chemicals that can interfere with the thyroid, reproductive organs, and other parts of the endocrine system in mammals. Because these chemicals are not tightly bound to the plastic, they can leach into milk, water, and food, potentially disrupting hormone function in humans who consume them.

2023 Frontiers in Endocrinology 289 citations
Article Tier 2

Implications of plastic-derived endocrine disruptors on human health

This review summarizes how chemicals released from plastics, known as endocrine disruptors, can interfere with the body's hormone systems. Common substances like BPA and phthalates mimic or block hormones, contributing to obesity, diabetes, reproductive problems, and developmental issues in children. Micro- and nanoplastics make the problem worse because they can release these hormone-disrupting chemicals inside the body after being ingested or inhaled.

2025 Toxicology Mechanisms and Methods 7 citations
Article Tier 2

Microplastics as Emerging Contaminants: Investigating their Potential to Alter Human Metabolic and Endocrine Systems

This review investigated the potential of microplastics to alter human hormone signaling, synthesizing evidence that plastic particles and their chemical additives can act as endocrine disruptors at environmentally relevant concentrations. The paper highlighted reproductive and metabolic pathways as areas of particular concern.

2024
Article Tier 2

Impact of Chemical Endocrine Disruptors and Hormone Modulators on the Endocrine System

This review examines how endocrine-disrupting chemicals, including those found in plastics, interfere with the body's hormone systems through both direct and indirect pathways. Researchers found that long-term exposure to these substances can affect reproductive health, metabolism, and development, with physical stressors like light and temperature also playing a role. The study highlights the complexity of endocrine disruption and the need for broader research into non-chemical factors as well.

2022 International Journal of Molecular Sciences 143 citations
Article Tier 2

Nano and microplastics: unveiling their profound impact on endocrine health

This review summarizes existing research showing that micro- and nanoplastics can disrupt the endocrine (hormone) system, altering reproductive hormones, thyroid function, and gene expression in lab and animal studies. Exposure to these particles triggered inflammation markers and oxidative stress in hormone-producing organs, suggesting that widespread plastic pollution may be contributing to rising rates of hormonal and reproductive health problems.

2025 Toxicology Mechanisms and Methods 18 citations
Article Tier 2

The Impact of Microplastics and Nanoplastics on Human Health: A Follow-Up Study Focusing on Endocrine, Nervous, and Immune Systems

This review examines evidence for microplastic and nanoplastic impacts on the endocrine, nervous, and immune systems, documenting how particles detected in human organs can disrupt hormone signaling, induce neuroinflammation, and alter immune function.

2025 International conference KNOWLEDGE-BASED ORGANIZATION
Review Tier 2

Endocrine Toxicity of Micro- and Nanoplastics, and Advances in Detection Techniques for Human Tissues: A Comprehensive Review

This review summarizes growing evidence that micro- and nanoplastics contain or carry endocrine-disrupting chemicals that interfere with hormones throughout the body, triggering oxidative stress, inflammation, and cell death in hormone-producing tissues. The paper also reviews new detection methods that can identify and measure these tiny plastic particles in human blood, tissue, and other biological samples, which is essential for understanding real-world health impacts.

2025 Endocrines 10 citations
Article Tier 2

Micro- and Nanoplastics as Disruptors of the Endocrine System—A Review of the Threats and Consequences Associated with Plastic Exposure

This review summarizes how micro- and nanoplastics carry endocrine-disrupting chemicals that interfere with hormones controlling reproduction, thyroid function, metabolism, and brain development. The reproductive system is especially vulnerable, with studies showing that plastic particle exposure can cause oxidative stress, cell death, and infertility, raising serious concerns given how widespread these particles are in food and the environment.

2025 International Journal of Molecular Sciences 18 citations
Systematic Review Tier 1

The endocrine disrupting effects of nanoplastic exposure: A systematic review

This systematic review summarizes research on how nanoplastics, the smallest plastic particles, can disrupt the hormonal system. The evidence from lab studies suggests nanoplastics may interfere with thyroid function, reproductive hormones, and stress responses. These findings raise concerns because endocrine disruption can lead to fertility problems, metabolic issues, and developmental effects in humans.

2023 Toxicology and Industrial Health 14 citations
Article Tier 2

Efeitos da exposição a microplásticos e nanoplásticos no sistema endócrino: uma revisão de literatura

This Portuguese-language literature review examined evidence from animal model studies on how microplastic and nanoplastic contamination affects the endocrine system, synthesizing findings from PubMed, LILACS, and SciELO databases. Studies documented adverse effects in the brain, intestine, testes, and placenta, with growing concern about endocrine disruption from widespread human exposure.

2024 Cuadernos de Educación y Desarrollo
Article Tier 2

The detrimental effect of microplastics on critical periods of development in the neuroendocrine system

This review examines how bisphenol-A and phthalates — two classes of plastic-associated chemicals — disrupt the developing neuroendocrine system, particularly during critical developmental windows, with implications for hormone disruption and neurological health.

2020 Birth Defects Research 68 citations
Article Tier 2

Threats of nano/microplastics to reproduction and offspring: Potential mechanisms and perspectives

This review summarized the evidence on how nano- and microplastics threaten reproduction and offspring health across multiple species, including fish, invertebrates, and mammals. The authors outlined potential mechanisms by which these plastic particles disrupt endocrine function, gonadal development, and embryonic development.

2024 Journal of Toxicological Studies 1 citations
Article Tier 2

Nanoplastics as Gene and Epigenetic Modulators of Endocrine Functions: A Perspective

This review summarizes how nanoplastics act as endocrine disruptors, interfering with thyroid and sex hormones in animal studies and causing DNA and epigenetic changes that could be passed to future generations. With nanoplastics already detected in human breast milk and placenta, the research underscores the need for more studies on how chronic exposure may affect human hormone function and reproductive health.

2025 International Journal of Molecular Sciences 12 citations
Article Tier 2

Consequences of Exposure to Phthalates, Micro Plastics and Nano-plastics on the Organisms

This review summarizes the toxic effects of microplastics, polystyrene, and phthalate plasticizers (BPA, DBP, DEHP) on vertebrates and invertebrates. These chemicals enter organisms through food, water, and air, causing hormonal disruption, reproductive harm, and other health effects across a wide range of species.

2021 PLANT ARCHIVES
Article Tier 2

Cellular Mechanisms of Endocrine Disruption

This review examines the cellular mechanisms through which endocrine-disrupting compounds interfere with hormonal signalling, contextualising the problem within the massive expansion of industrial chemical production since industrialisation and the incorporation of many synthetic chemicals into global commerce.

2023 3 citations
Article Tier 2

Microplastics, Endocrine Disruptors, and Oxidative Stress: Mechanisms and Health Implications

This review examines how microplastics and nanoplastics trigger oxidative stress as a central mechanism of toxicity across multiple organ systems, including reproductive, cardiovascular, hepatic, and neurological tissues. The study highlights that these particles often carry endocrine-disrupting chemicals like bisphenol A and phthalates, which together generate reactive oxygen species, impair mitochondrial function, and compromise antioxidant defenses.

2025 International Journal of Molecular Sciences 1 citations
Article Tier 2

Human exposure to micro- and nanoplastics: a mechanistic perspective of health risks associated with metabolic and reproductive functions

This review examines how micro- and nanoplastics enter the human body through food, air, and skin contact, and the mechanisms by which they may disrupt metabolic and reproductive health. Researchers describe how these particles are absorbed through the gut, enter the bloodstream, and accumulate in organs where they can trigger inflammation, oxidative stress, and hormonal disruption. The evidence indicates that micro- and nanoplastics, particularly those carrying endocrine-disrupting chemicals, may pose significant risks to fertility and metabolic function.

2025 The Science of The Total Environment 4 citations
Article Tier 2

Environmental Endocrine-Disrupting Chemical Exposure: Role in Non-Communicable Diseases

This review examines how exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals found in the environment, including plasticizers and microplastic additives, may contribute to non-communicable diseases. The study suggests that these chemicals can interfere with hormone signaling in the body, potentially playing a role in metabolic, reproductive, and developmental health issues.

2020 Frontiers in Public Health 363 citations
Article Tier 2

Advances in understanding the reproductive toxicity of endocrine-disrupting chemicals in women

This review examines how endocrine-disrupting chemicals such as bisphenol A, phthalates, and triclosan may interfere with the female reproductive system. Evidence indicates that these chemicals, found widely in the environment, can disrupt hormone function and may contribute to adverse reproductive outcomes, though the precise mechanisms are still being studied.

2024 Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology 9 citations
Review Tier 2

"Unseen Dangers: The Effects of Micro- and Nanoplastics on Human Reproductive Health - A Narrative Review"

This review examines the effects of micro- and nanoplastics on human reproductive health, covering evidence from in vitro, animal, and epidemiological studies showing that plastic particles can disrupt hormone signaling, sperm function, ovarian development, and placental integrity.

2025 Recent Advances in Inflammation & Allergy Drug Discovery