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61,005 resultsShowing papers similar to Toxicity Mechanism, Exposure Pathways, and Environmental Risk Assessment of Microplastic Pollution
ClearA review of microplastics in the aquatic environmental: distribution, transport, ecotoxicology, and toxicological mechanisms
This review examines how microplastics are distributed, transported, and accumulate throughout aquatic environments, and the toxicological effects they have on aquatic organisms. The study suggests that microplastics can affect human health through the food chain, but notes that understanding of combined toxicity mechanisms remains very limited. The authors identify significant knowledge gaps and call for more systematic environmental risk assessments across multiple species.
Mechanism and effect of microplastics toxicity in aquatic system
This review examined the toxic mechanisms of microplastics in aquatic systems, describing how MPs accumulate in organisms, amplify toxicity through the food chain, and cause damage to marine biodiversity. It highlighted the threat MPs pose to seafood safety and the need for integrated pollution control in marine environments.
Microplastic toxicity: mechanisms, assessment methods, and future research directions
This review synthesizes current knowledge on microplastic toxicity mechanisms, integrating physical, chemical, and biological pathways into a unified framework. Researchers examined assessment methods across aquatic organisms, terrestrial species, and human cell models, identifying critical knowledge gaps and recommending standardized approaches for future microplastic toxicity research.
Toxicity of Microplastics to Aquatic Organisms
This review summarizes the toxic effects of microplastics on aquatic organisms at all levels of the food chain, covering both physical and chemical mechanisms of harm. The evidence reviewed supports the conclusion that microplastic exposure poses genuine risks to aquatic ecosystems and the humans who depend on them for food.
Microplastics in Aquatic Ecosystems: A Review of Ecotoxicological Effects, Exposure Pathways and Trophic Transfer Risks
This review synthesises evidence on the ecotoxicological effects of microplastics in marine, freshwater, and estuarine environments, covering ingestion, bioaccumulation, trophic transfer, and physiological harms across aquatic fauna. It identifies chemical co-contamination and particle size as key modulators of toxicity.
Microplastic Pollution in the Environment
This book chapter provides an overview of microplastic and nanoplastic pollution as emerging environmental contaminants, describing their formation, persistence in the environment, pathways of biological exposure, and potential toxicity to ecosystems and human health.
Multiple Effects, Pathways, and Potential Health Risks from Environmental Microplastic Exposure
This review synthesizes nearly two decades of research on the multiple pathways through which environmental microplastics affect human and ecological health, including chemical toxicity, physical impacts, and potential roles as carriers of pathogens and contaminants.
Microplastic Menace
This chapter reviews the ecological menace posed by microplastics and nanoplastics in aquatic environments, examining how these particles disrupt habitats, food chains, and organisms through pollution and bioaccumulation. The authors assess the capacity of plastic particles to adsorb and concentrate harmful chemicals, compounding the direct physical hazard with chemical toxicity risks for marine food webs.
A holistic approach to assess the toxic behaviour of emerging nanomaterials in aquatic system
Not relevant to microplastics — this book chapter reviews how emerging nanomaterials behave at nano-bio-eco interfaces, discussing toxicity, fate, and exposure potential in aquatic systems without a specific focus on plastic particles.
Toxicological review of micro- and nano-plastics in aquatic environments: Risks to ecosystems, food web dynamics and human health.
This review synthesized evidence on the toxicological effects of micro- and nanoplastics in aquatic ecosystems, covering risks to individual organisms, disruptions to food web dynamics, and pathways through which plastic exposure poses risks to human health via seafood consumption.
Environmental source, fate, and toxicity of microplastics
This comprehensive review covers the sources, environmental fate, and toxic effects of microplastics across both aquatic and terrestrial environments. The study highlights that microplastics are now found virtually everywhere on Earth and can harm organisms through physical damage, chemical leaching, and by acting as carriers for other pollutants.
Microplastic Hazards and Possible Mitigation
This review covers the sources, environmental distribution, and hazards of microplastics, along with potential mitigation strategies including filtration, biodegradation, and policy interventions. Microplastics absorb toxic chemicals and act as vectors for hazardous substances through food chains, posing risks to both ecosystems and human health.
Toxicity Assessment of Microconstituents in the Environment
This review describes the fate, behavior, transport, and toxicity assessment of microplastics in aquatic environments, covering ecotoxicological test methods and their limitations, and calls for reduced plastic use and promotion of eco-friendly alternatives that degrade safely.
Ecotoxicity of Micro- and Nano-Sized Plastics
This book chapter reviews the ecotoxicity of micro- and nanoplastics to aquatic organisms, covering direct toxic effects, combined toxicity with associated chemical pollutants, and trophic transfer and biomagnification through food webs. The authors note that environmental realism remains a key challenge in extrapolating laboratory findings to real-world risk.
Microplastic Pollution in the Environment
This book chapter provides an overview of microplastic accumulation in marine and aquatic habitats, describing how plastic particles fragment, distribute across environmental compartments, and serve as vectors for chemical pollutants and pathogens.
Microplastics as a Vector of Hazardous Contaminants: Plastic Chemicals, Digestive Physiology and the Need for Chemical Simplification
This review explored how microplastics serve as vectors for hazardous chemicals, distinguishing between plastic-associated chemicals added during manufacturing and environmental pollutants adsorbed onto particle surfaces. The authors argue that the chemical burden of ingested microplastics warrants much more rigorous toxicological assessment.
Environmental Toxicity of Emerging Micro and Nanoplastics
This review examines the environmental toxicity of emerging micro- and nanoplastics, covering their sources, degradation pathways, ecological impacts on organisms, and the need for standardized risk assessment frameworks.
Association of hazardous compounds with microplastics in freshwater ecosystems
This book chapter reviews how hazardous chemical compounds — including pesticides, pharmaceuticals, and heavy metals — associate with microplastics in freshwater ecosystems. Microplastics act as carriers for these compounds, potentially increasing their bioavailability to aquatic organisms and complicating risk assessment.
Toxicity of microplastics in the marine environment.
This review chapter provides a broad and updated overview of microplastic ecotoxicology in marine environments, covering effects from the biochemical level through population and ecosystem scales. Evidence reviewed demonstrates that microplastics can act as physical hazards and chemical vectors affecting marine biodiversity across multiple trophic levels.
Insight into microplastics in the aquatic ecosystem: Properties, sources, threats and mitigation strategies
This review summarizes how microplastics contaminate aquatic ecosystems through various pathways, where they can absorb other toxic chemicals and become even more harmful. The findings are relevant to human health because microplastics in fish and shellfish from contaminated waters can carry these concentrated pollutants into our diets.
Review: Environmental toxicology of marine microplastic pollution — R1/PR7
This review comprehensively examines marine microplastic toxicology, covering how microplastics accumulate in organisms from phytoplankton to fish and cause harm across molecular, biochemical, and physiological levels. It also emphasises the role of microplastics as carriers of toxic chemical additives and adsorbed pollutants, making them a compounded environmental hazard throughout ocean ecosystems.
Microplastic contaminants in the aqueous environment, fate, toxicity consequences, and remediation strategies
This review covers the sources, fate, and toxic effects of microplastic contaminants in aquatic environments, along with current remediation strategies for removing them. Researchers found that microplastics cause various health problems in aquatic organisms and can enter the human food chain through contaminated seafood and water. The study emphasizes the urgent need for improved waste management and novel cleanup technologies to address microplastic pollution in water systems.
Understanding and Mitigating the Toxic Impacts of Microplastic Pollution on Environmental Health
This review covers the sources, types, and ecological impacts of microplastics as environmental contaminants, examining how polymer-specific properties such as chemical additives affect toxicity across ecosystems and discussing mitigation approaches including physical and chemical remediation.
Unraveling the ecotoxicological effects of micro and nano-plastics on aquatic organisms and human health
This review summarizes the growing body of evidence on how micro- and nanoplastics affect aquatic organisms and, through the food chain, potentially human health. The tiny plastic particles absorb toxic pollutants and pathogens from the water, acting as carriers that deliver these harmful substances into the bodies of fish, shellfish, and other organisms. The review highlights that both direct plastic toxicity and indirect chemical exposure through contaminated seafood pose risks to human consumers.