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Analysis of Microplastic Abundance in the Digestive Tract of Fish Caught by Fishermen in the Pangempang Waters of East Kalimantan Province
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Researchers analyzed the abundance and types of microplastics in the digestive tracts of fish caught by fishermen in Pangempang Waters, East Kalimantan, and investigated the relationship between fish body size and microplastic content.
Mikroplastik merupakan polutan berukuran < 5 mm yang umum ditemukan di sedimen, perairan dan biota perairan. Mikroplastik dapat masuk ke tubuh biota laut, salah satunya ikan. Pada saat ikan terpapar mikroplastik dikonsumsi manusia secara berlebihan mungkin dapat mempengaruhi kesehatan manusia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis jenis dan kelimpahan mikroplastik pada saluran pencernaan ikan hasil tangkapan nelayan di perairan Pangempang, Muara Badak, Kalimantan Timur. Hubungan antara ukuran ikan dengan kandungan mikroplastik juga dinvestigasi di penelitian ini. Sampel ikan terdiri dari enam spesies ikan (bandeng, baronang, gerot - gerot, kakap, kue dan trakulu) yang dikumpulkan menggunakan metode random sampling. Analisis mikroplastik dilakukan melalui proses destruksi organik dengan H2O2 dan FeSO4, diikuti identifikasi mikroskopis. Ditemukan bahwa semua saluran pencernaan ikan mengandung mikroplastik, dengan jenis dominan adalah fiber (97,4%), diikuti film dan fragmen. Ikan baronang memiliki kelimpahan mikroplastik tertinggi (11,0 partikel/individu), sedangkan kakap bakau terendah (2,33 partikel/individu). Rata-rata kelimpahan pada omnivora (8,125) partikel/individu) lebih tinggi dibanding karnivora (5,2 partikel/individu). Terdapat hubungan yang sangat lemah antara ukuran (panjang dan berat) ikan dengan kelimpahan mikroplastik (r<0,3; p>0,05 pada omnivora, p<0,05 pada karnivora).
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Five commercially important marine fish species from the Pangempang Estuary in Indonesia were examined for microplastic ingestion, with particles found in the digestive organs of all species tested.
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