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Trophic Transfer of Nanoplastics and Di(2-Ethylhexyl) Phthalate by a Food Chain (Chlorella Pyrenoidosa-Daphnia Magna-Micropterus Salmoides) Induced Disturbance of Lipid Metabolism in Fish
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This study traced how nanoplastics and the common plasticizer chemical DEHP move through a freshwater food chain from algae to water fleas to fish. The nanoplastics accumulated at higher levels as they moved up the food chain, and the combined exposure caused liver damage and disrupted fat metabolism in the fish. Since humans eat fish at the top of food chains, this research shows how nanoplastics and their associated chemicals could build up through the food web and reach our plates.
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Researchers reviewed the physiological and immunological effects of microplastic exposure in fish, finding that these particles smaller than 5 mm induce a range of biological disruptions including immune modulation, oxidative stress, and systemic health impacts with broader implications for aquatic ecosystem integrity.
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