We can't find the internet
Attempting to reconnect
Something went wrong!
Hang in there while we get back on track
Microplastic Contamination: A Case Study in the Freshwater of Krishna River
Summary
Researchers found microplastic contamination in three sites along the Krishna River in India, identifying polypropylene, polyethylene, and polyoxymethylene particles at different pilgrimage locations. The study confirms freshwater microplastic pollution in this important Indian river and demonstrates a sampling approach applicable to future monitoring efforts.
Abstract This case study investigates the microplastic content in the floating river water as well as the types of Microplastics (MPs)This current case study confirms the presence of MPs in fresh river water and makesa realization on the of MPs.In the river Krishna, three different pilgrim sites were selected and the plankton net method was used for sampling. All three site samples showed different types of MPs including polypropylenes (PP) isotactic C1-C40 at Jurala (site-I), Polyethylenes (PE) Chlorinated C1-C40 at Koilsagrar (site-II), and Polyoxymethylenes (POM) C1-C40. This approach could be relevant and implemented in future studies to provide an accurate overview of microplastic content in Krishna River water Key words - Microplastics, Krishna River, Jurala, Polyoxymethylenes, Polyethylenes, Polypropylenes. References Brennecke, D., Duarte, B., Paiva, F., Caçador, I., & Canning- Clode, J. (2016). Microplastics as vector for heavy metal contamination from the marine environment. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 178, 189-195. Brraich, O. S., &Jangu, S. (2015). Evaluation of water quality pollution indices for heavy metal contaminationmonitoring in the water of Harike Wetland (Ramsar Site), India. International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, 5(2), 1-6. Deanin, R.D., 1975. Additives in plastics. Environmental health perspectives, 11, p.35. 3 Geyer, R., Jambeck, J. R., & Law, K. L. (2017). Production, use, and fate of all plastics ever made. Science advances, 3(7), e1700782. Ding, J., Zhang, S., Razanajatovo, R. M., Zou, H., & Zhu, W. (2018). Accumulation, tissue distribution, and biochemical effects of polystyrene microplastics in the freshwater fish red tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus).Environmental pollution,238, 1-9. Dua, A., & Parkash, C. (2009). Distribution and abundance of fish populations in Harike wetland-A Ramsar site in India. Journal of environmental biology, 30(2), 247-251. Garcia, R., &Millán, E. (1998). Assessment of Cd, Pb and Zn contamination in roadside soils and grasses from Gipuzkoa (Spain). Chemosphere, 37(8), 1615–1625. German Federal Ministry of the Environment. (1992). Novelle zur Verordnungüber das Aufringen von Klärschlamm (bundesgesetzblatt). Goyer, R. A., & Mehlman, M. A. (Eds.). (1977). Toxicology of trace elements. New York: Wiley. Hang, X., Wang, H., Zhou, J., Ma, C., Du, C., & Chen, X. (2009). Risk assessment of potentially toxic element pollution in soils and rice (Oryza sativa) in a typical area of the Yangtze River Delta. Environmental Pollution, 157, 2542–2549. Hendrickson, E., Minor, E. C., & Schreiner, K. (2018). Microplastic abundance and composition in western Lake Superior as determined via microscopy, Pyr-GC/MS, and FTIR. Environmental science & technology, 52(4), 1787-1796. Holmes, L. A., Turner, A., & Thompson, R. C. (2012). Adsorption of trace metals to plastic resin pellets in the marine environment. Environmental Pollution, 160, 42-48. Jeng, A. S. (1991). Weathering of some Norwegian alum shales. 1. Laboratory simulations to study acid generation and the release of sulphate and metal cations (Ca, Mg, and K). Acta Agriculturæ Scandinavica Section B, 41, 13–35. Kaur, H., Datta, S. N., & Singh, A. (2017). Fish Catch Composition and Biodiversity Indices at Harike Wetland-A Ramsar Site in India. Journal of Animal Research, 7(5), 935-941. Kaur, H., &Attri, R. (2015). Morphological and molecular characterization of Henneguyabicaudi n. sp.(Myxosporea: Myxobolidae) infecting gills of Cirrhinusmrigala (Ham.) in Harike Wetland, Punjab (India). Parasitology research, 114(11), 4161-4167. Kaur, H., &Hundal, S. S. (2018). Heavy metal accumulation in some selected ponds of district Ludhiana (Punjab), India. IJCS, 6(1), 1739-1743. Luo, W., Su, L., Craig, N. J., Du, F., Wu, C., & Shi, H. (2019). Comparison of microplastic pollution in different water bodies from urban creeks to coastal waters. Environmental Pollution, 246, 174-182. Mangi, A., & Memon, Z. N. (2017). Analysis of gut contents of Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) in district Larkana, Sindh, Pakistan. Nuelle, M. T., Dekiff, J. H., Remy, D., & Fries, E. (2014). A new analytical approach for monitoring microplastics in marine sediments. Environmental Pollution, 184, 161169. Patel, P., Raju, N. J., Reddy, B. S. R., Suresh, U., Sankar, D. B., & Reddy, T. V. K. (2018). Heavy metal contamination in river water and sediments of the Swarnamukhi River Basin, India: risk assessment and environmental implications. Environmental geochemistry and health, 40(2), 609-623. Razanajatovo, R. M., Ding, J., Zhang, S., Jiang, H., & Zou, H. (2018). Sorption and desorption of selected pharmaceuticals by polyethylene microplastics. Marine pollution bulletin,136, 516-523. Rochman, C. M., Hentschel, B. T., &Teh, S. J. (2014). Long-term sorption of metals is similar among plastic types: implications for plastic debris in aquatic environments. PloS one, 9(1), e85433 Rodrigues, M. O., Abrantes, N., Gonçalves, F. J. M., Nogueira, H., Marques, J. C., & Gonçalves, A. M. M. (2018). Spatial and temporal distribution of microplastics in water and sediments of a freshwater system (Antuã River, Portugal). Science of The Total Environment, 633, 1549-1559. Su, L., Xue, Y., Li, L., Yang, D., Kolandhasamy, P., Li, D., & Shi, H. (2016). Microplastics in taihu lake, China. Environmental pollution, 216, 711-719. Vongdala, N., Tran, H. D., Xuan, T., Teschke, R., &Khanh, T. (2019). Heavy metal accumulation in water, soil, and plants of municipal solid waste landfill in Vientiane, Laos. International journal of environmental research and public health, 16(1), 22. Vinodhini, R., & Narayanan, M. (2008). Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in organs of fresh water fish Cyprinus carpio (Common carp). International Journal of Environmental Science & Technology, 5(2), 179-182. Wang, W., Ndungu, A. W., Li, Z., & Wang, J. (2017). Microplastics pollution in inland freshwaters of China: a case study in urban surface waters of Wuhan, China. Science of the Total Environment, 575, 1369-1374. Wang, W., Yuan, W., Chen, Y., & Wang, J. (2018). Microplastics in surface waters of dongting lake and hong lake, China. Science of the Total Environment, 633, 539-545. Wen, B., Jin, S. R., Chen, Z. Z., Gao, J. Z., Liu, Y. N., Liu, J. H., & Feng, X. S.(2018). Single and combined effects of microplastics and cadmium on the cadmium accumulation, antioxidant defence and innate immunity of the discus fish (Symphysodonaequifasciatus). Environmental Pollution, 243, 462-471.