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Can BPA Analogs Affect Cellular and Biochemical Responses in the Microalga Phaeodactylum tricornutum Bohlin?
Summary
This study tested three bisphenol A replacement chemicals (BPAF, BPF, and BPS) on a marine diatom at environmentally relevant concentrations, finding that all three disrupted algal growth and triggered oxidative stress. Although no actual cell damage was detected at these doses, the results suggest that BPA substitutes are not chemically inert and may still threaten marine primary producers. This is relevant to microplastics research because these bisphenol chemicals leach from plastics and are released alongside microplastic particles in the environment.
Bisphenol A analogs (BPA analogs) are emerging contaminants with a rising production caused by the replacement of BPA with these compounds. The increased production of BPA analogs is leading to an increased release into various ecosystems, including sea. The aim of this study was to evaluate the biological effects of BPA analogs on a primary producer, the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum Bohlin. Three different BPA analogs (BPAF, BPF, and BPS) and their mixture were tested at the environmental relevant concentration of 300 ng/L. Growth curve, cell size and several biomarkers of oxidative stress and oxidative damage were measured. Our results indicated that the tested compounds caused alteration of the growth and induced oxidative stress altering many antioxidant enzymes. However, no oxidative damages were observed.