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Efeitos dos Microplásticos

Revista Científica FESA 2024 1 citation

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This article reviews the effects of microplastics on organisms and ecosystems, summarizing ecotoxicological evidence from studies on marine and freshwater species as well as emerging data on human exposure. The review is written in Portuguese and covers impacts ranging from physical ingestion effects to chemical toxicity from plastic-associated compounds.

O tema da pesquisa foi escolhido pelos participantes a partir de uma discussão sobre a quantidade de resíduos plásticos descartados, frequentemente, de forma incorreta. Assim, os microplásticos, que são partículas praticamente invisíveis deste material, se dispersam, poluindo tanto o ambiente terrestre quanto o aquático. Em alguns casos, a composição do plástico pode apresentar elementos químicos que podem prejudicar a saúde. Ainda ocorrem vários estudos sobre os reais impactos no organismo dos seres humanos, mas já foi comprovada a presença destas partículas no sangue humano e alguns especialistas alertam para possíveis efeitos negativos. Sob o ponto de vista econômico, a poluição dos oceanos também causa prejuízos. Atualmente, existem possibilidades de substituições do plástico por outros materiais com preços viáveis, como é o caso do vidro. Considerando que grande parte do microplástico presente no ambiente é causado pelo excessivo consumo de materiais como sacolinhas, canudinhos, embalagens, é importante repensar as atitudes do cotidiano, transformando-as em ações sustentáveis. Ponderando essas descobertas e os resultados apresentados em pesquisa realizada com os estudantes, percebe-se a relevância do assunto, uma vez que muitos desconhecem esse conceito e os riscos que os microplásticos causam à saúde e ao meio ambiente. Por isso, organizou-se uma campanha para utilização de copos ecológicos, que tem por objetivo a substituição de copos plásticos descartáveis nos eventos que ocorrerem na escola, contribuindo para a conscientização da comunidade sobre a importância do meio ambiente para manutenção da qualidade de vida de todos nós.

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