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Microplastics as Indicators of Environmental Pollution and Their Effects on Organisms
Original title: Microplásticos Como Indicadores De Poluição Ambiental E Seus Efeitos Sobre Os Organismos
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This Portuguese-language review examines microplastics as indicators of environmental pollution and their effects on aquatic organisms. It highlights how improper disposal of plastic waste leads to microplastic accumulation in water bodies, threatening marine and freshwater life.
Population growth combined with a high consumption of durable and non-durable materials results in a large production of waste, which in turn is not always treated or disposed of properly. Plastic waste has attracted the attention of researchers worldwide, as it remains in the environment for decades to centuries, causing direct and indirect damage to the entire ecosystem. This study aimed to conduct research on sources and effects of microplastics in the environment. To this end, a search was carried out in journals published in the last 11 years. The results revealed that microplastics are present in all environments, coming from different sources and, when available, these microplastics can be inhaled, ingested and/or transported to organisms, causing irreversible damage, while in the environment they can cause adverse effects. in functionality and diversity.
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Microplastics, Their Impacts on the Environment and Biodegradable Ways of Substitution.
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This Portuguese-language review examined microplastics as major aquatic and terrestrial pollutants, summarizing their sources, environmental distribution, and impacts on ecosystems, and reviewing biodegradable alternatives as a strategy to reduce future plastic fragment accumulation.
Efectos de los microplásticos en el medio ambiente: Un macroproblema emergente
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This review examines the current state of knowledge on microplastic contamination in aquatic and terrestrial environments, noting that while microplastics are now ubiquitous in oceans — with approximately 13 million tonnes of plastic entering waterways annually — the full risks to human health remain uncertain despite growing evidence of harm to diverse organisms.
Efeitos dos Microplásticos
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This article reviews the effects of microplastics on organisms and ecosystems, summarizing ecotoxicological evidence from studies on marine and freshwater species as well as emerging data on human exposure. The review is written in Portuguese and covers impacts ranging from physical ingestion effects to chemical toxicity from plastic-associated compounds.
Microplastic Pollution in Aquatic Ecosystems: A Comparative Review of Sources, Impacts, and Management in Marine and Freshwater Habitats
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This comparative review synthesized research on microplastic sources, distribution, and impacts across marine and freshwater environments, highlighting microbeads and polymer fragmentation as primary contamination drivers. Establishing a unified understanding of microplastic behavior across aquatic habitats is essential for designing monitoring frameworks that track human exposure through drinking water and seafood.
Microplastics: characteristics, pollution, and technologies for their removal from water - a review
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This Portuguese-language review examines the characteristics of microplastics and technologies available for removing them from water, finding that while many methods exist, none are fully efficient for all microplastic types and sizes. The authors conclude that water treatment improvement is urgently needed as microplastics accumulate in aquatic ecosystems globally.
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