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Identifikasi Keberadaan Mikroplastik pada Air Sungai Bengawan Solo Wilayah Kelurahan Nusukan Kota Surakarta, Jawa Tengah
Summary
Scientists tested water at 10 spots along the Bengawan Solo River in Indonesia and found tiny plastic particles, called microplastics, in every single sample—likely coming from household trash, plastic waste, and drainage runoff. Since this river is a water source for nearby communities, this widespread contamination raises concerns about microplastics entering drinking water and the food chain, highlighting the need for better plastic waste management to protect public health.
The increasing use of plastic in daily life has led to rising microplastic pollution in aquatic environments. This study aimed to identify the presence of microplastics in the Bengawan Solo River water in the Nusukan Subdistrict, Surakarta City. Microplastic pollution in aquatic environments has become an environmental concern due to human activities, particularly domestic waste and plastic degradation. This study used a descriptive observational method with simple random sampling in determining sampling points and grab sampling in collecting water samples. Samples were collected from 10 locations in the Bengawan Solo River within the Nusukan area, with a volume of 1 liter at each point. Microplastic analysis was carried out through filtration, the addition of 30% hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), incubation at 60°C for 3 hours, and filtration using 0.45 µm filter paper. Microplastic identification was conducted using a binocular microscope referring to the modified NOAA (2015) method. The results showed that all water samples from the 10 observation points were positively contaminated with microplastics. The presence of microplastics was suspected to be influenced by domestic activities, plastic waste disposal, drainage channels, and river flow conditions that allowed microplastic particles to spread throughout the study area. This study concludes that the Bengawan Solo River in the Nusukan area has been comprehensively contaminated by microplastics. Therefore, better plastic waste management and environmental pollution control are needed to reduce the entry of microplastics into river waters.