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Pemanfaatan Limbah Plastik PET (Polyethylene Terephthalate) dalam Pembuatan Bata Ringan CLC (Cellular Lightweight Concrete): Studi Eksperimental
Summary
Researchers investigated the use of PET plastic waste as a partial substitute for fine aggregates in the production of cellular lightweight concrete (CLC) bricks. The experimental study analyzed the effects of PET substitution on mechanical and physical properties including compressive strength, density, and water absorption.
Penelitian ini bertujuan memanfaatkan limbah plastik PET (Polyethylene Terephthalate) sebagai substitusi sebagian agregat halus dalam pembuatan bata ringan CLC (Cellular Lightweight Concrete) dan menganalisis pengaruhnya terhadap sifat mekanis dan fisik material, termasuk kuat tekan, berat isi, penyerapan air, dan porositas. Bata ringan dibuat dengan variasi substitusi PET sebesar 0%, 5%, 10%, dan 15% dari berat agregat halus, dengan masing-masing variasi menggunakan tiga sampel benda uji yang diuji setelah 28 hari curing. Hasil pengujian kuat tekan menunjukkan penurunan nilai seiring peningkatan kadar PET, dengan rata-rata kuat tekan 1,16 MPa pada 0% PET, menurun menjadi 0,71 MPa pada 5% PET, 0,66 MPa pada 10% PET, dan 0,59 MPa pada 15% PET. Berat isi kering oven meningkat dari 3,04 kg/m³ (0% PET) menjadi 3,15 kg/m³ pada 5%, mencapai puncak 3,19 kg/m³ pada 10%, lalu sedikit menurun menjadi 3,15 kg/m³ pada 15%. Penyerapan air bata ringan juga bertambah, yaitu 21,47% pada 0% PET, meningkat menjadi 24,47% pada 5%, 24,64% pada 10%, dan mencapai 25,66% pada 15%. Porositas bata ringan meningkat dari 16,58% pada 0% PET menjadi 19,33% pada 5%, 19,67% pada 10%, dan 20,42% pada 15%. Data ini mengindikasikan bahwa penambahan limbah plastik PET meningkatkan porositas dan daya serap air, sekaligus menurunkan kekuatan tekan bata ringan. Kesimpulannya, limbah PET dapat digunakan sebagai bahan substitusi agregat halus dalam pembuatan bata ringan CLC dengan proporsi maksimal 10% untuk meningkatkan berat isi tanpa terlalu signifikan menurunkan kekuatan tekan, sehingga memberi alternatif ramah lingkungan dalam pengelolaan limbah plastik dan pengembangan material konstruksi berkelanjutan
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