0
Article ? AI-assigned paper type based on the abstract. Classification may not be perfect — flag errors using the feedback button. Tier 2 ? Original research — experimental, observational, or case-control study. Direct primary evidence. Gut & Microbiome Human Health Effects Nanoplastics Sign in to save

Exploring the role of real food matrices on the behavior and toxicity of polystyrene nanoplastics during digestion simulation

NanoImpact 2025 2 citations ? Citation count from OpenAlex, updated daily. May differ slightly from the publisher's own count. Score: 58 ? 0–100 AI score estimating relevance to the microplastics field. Papers below 30 are filtered from public browse.
Kamil Urgun, Nazım Sergen Mısırlı, B. Sen, Ümran Uygun, Sasitorn Aueviriyavit, Wittaya Pimtong, Fahriye Ceyda Dudak

Summary

Researchers investigated how polystyrene nanoplastics behave and affect cells when consumed alongside real food, using milk as the test matrix, during simulated digestion. They found that food proteins and digestive enzymes formed a coating around the nanoplastics that changed their aggregation behavior and reduced their toxicity compared to nanoplastics alone. The study suggests that the presence of food during digestion may significantly alter how nanoplastics interact with the body, an important factor often overlooked in toxicity studies.

Polymers
Body Systems

Nanoplastics are emerging contaminants that can enter the human body through food consumption, raising concerns about their potential health impacts. Among these, polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NPs) are frequently used in toxicological studies due to their widespread use in food-contact materials and their well-defined physicochemical properties. In this study, we investigated the behavior and cytotoxicity of PS-NPs in the presence of a nutritionally relevant, real food matrix (milk) under simulated three-phase gastrointestinal digestion. PS-NPs of three different sizes (30 nm, 100 nm, and 450 nm) were characterized before and after digestion using SEM, TEM, DLS, and XPS to monitor changes in aggregation and corona structure. Our findings demonstrated that milk proteins and digestive enzymes adsorbed onto the PS-NP surfaces, forming a complex protein corona. The aggregation behavior and composition of the protein corona were markedly influenced by particle size during the digestion process. Corona structures were detected on all particle sizes following digestion; however, extensive web-like agglomerates were uniquely observed in the 30 nm particles. While the presence of milk during digestion did not significantly alter the cytotoxicity of the 30 nm and 450 nm particles, it resulted in a marked reduction in cell viability for the 100 nm particles. These results suggest that the food matrix significantly modulates nanoplastic behavior and toxicity in the gastrointestinal environment.

Sign in to start a discussion.

More Papers Like This

Article Tier 2

Impact of a real food matrix and in vitro digestion on properties and acute toxicity of polystyrene microparticles

Researchers examined how interaction with milk as a real food matrix and subsequent digestion affects the properties and toxicity of polystyrene microparticles. The study found that milk proteins form a corona on the particles that alters their surface charge and behavior, suggesting that the food context significantly influences how microplastics behave in the gastrointestinal tract.

Article Tier 2

Impact of food matrices on the characteristics and cellular toxicities of ingested nanoplastics in a simulated digestive tract

Researchers investigated how different food components affect the toxicity of polystyrene nanoplastics as they pass through a simulated human digestive system. They found that fat molecules helped stabilize and disperse the nanoplastics during digestion, increasing their uptake by intestinal cells and worsening cellular damage. The study suggests that the type of food consumed alongside nanoplastic-contaminated items could significantly influence how much harm the particles cause in the gut.

Article Tier 2

The potential effects of in vitro digestion on the physicochemical and biological characteristics of polystyrene nanoplastics

Researchers studied how the human digestive process changes the physical and biological properties of polystyrene nanoplastics. They found that digestive fluids altered the surface characteristics of the particles, potentially affecting how they interact with gut cells. The study suggests that the form of nanoplastics that actually reaches our intestines may behave differently than the pristine particles typically used in lab studies.

Article Tier 2

Digestion of Polystyrene Nanoparticles in a Whey Protein Drink. a Simulated in Vitro Gastrointestinal Digestion Using a Batch Infogest Model Combined with Cell Absorption Experiments

This study tracked polystyrene nano- and microplastic particles through a simulated digestive process mixed with a whey protein drink, then tested whether the particles could be absorbed by human intestinal cells. The work contributes to understanding how dietary microplastics survive digestion and whether they can pass through the gut lining into the body.

Article Tier 2

Small polystyrene microplastics interfere with the breakdown of milk proteins during static in vitro simulated human gastric digestion

Researchers found that small polystyrene microplastics interfere with the digestion of milk proteins in a simulated human stomach environment. The microplastics adsorbed the digestive enzyme pepsin onto their surface, reducing its activity and slowing the breakdown of proteins like casein and whey. The study suggests that microplastic contamination in food could impair normal digestive processes in the human gut.

Share this paper