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Papers
20 resultsShowing papers similar to The Sources and Fate of Plastic Entering the Marine Environment
ClearFate of plastics and microplastics in the marine environment
This thesis reviewed how plastics and microplastics enter, move through, and accumulate in marine environments, examining sources, transport pathways, and long-term fate. Understanding the ocean's plastic burden is essential for predicting ecological and human health risks.
Plastic waste in the marine environment: A review of sources, occurrence and effects
This review covered the sources, occurrence, and ecological effects of plastic waste in the marine environment, synthesizing evidence on how plastic pollution enters the ocean, where it accumulates, and what harm it causes to marine life.
The processes and transport fluxes of land-based macroplastics and microplastics entering the ocean via rivers
This review traces the full journey of plastic waste from land to ocean via rivers, covering how plastics enter waterways and the methods scientists use to estimate how much reaches the sea. About 80% of marine plastic pollution comes from land-based sources, and better monitoring and modeling are needed to improve estimates. Understanding these transport pathways is essential for reducing the microplastic contamination that ultimately enters the seafood supply and affects human health.
Plastic Pollution in Oceans: a Review
This review examines plastic pollution in the world's oceans, covering sources, distribution pathways, ecological impacts, and the current state of scientific understanding of marine plastic contamination.
Driver, Trends and Fate of Plastics and Micro Plastics Occurrence in the Environment
This review examines the sources, trends, and environmental fate of plastics and microplastics, which have become a major global pollution problem due to massive production and poor waste management. Understanding how plastics move through the environment is essential for designing effective pollution controls.
Sources, sinks and transformations of plastics in our oceans: Review, management strategies and modelling
This review synthesizes knowledge on ocean plastic sources, sinks, and transformations, and develops a preliminary dynamic model of plastic mobilization in marine environments that can predict distribution trends over time.
Characteristics of Plastic Pollution in the Environment: A Review.
This review covers the key characteristics of plastic pollution — including sources, abundance, transport, and degradation — across different environmental compartments. It synthesizes knowledge about what makes plastic pollution persistent and widespread, providing a foundation for understanding microplastic formation and behavior in the environment.
The Contribution of Microplastics to Marine Pollution
This review examines the contribution of microplastics to marine pollution, covering the pathways by which plastic particles enter ocean systems, their distribution across ocean basins, effects on marine life, and the challenges of reducing the flow of plastic into the sea.
The Problem of Plastic Waste and Microplastics in the Seas and Oceans: Impact on Marine Organisms
This review summarized the scale of plastic waste entering marine environments -- estimated at 1.25 to 2.41 million tons annually via rivers -- and its documented negative effects on marine organisms including ingestion, entanglement, and toxicity.
Ocean plastics: environmental implications and potential routes for mitigation – a perspective
This review provides an overview of ocean plastic pollution, covering the major sources of both micro and macro plastics and how they distribute across marine environments. The study discusses environmental effects on marine life and evaluates potential solutions including biodegradable alternatives, improved waste management, and international policy efforts to reduce plastic entering the oceans.
Plastic pollution in the marine environment
This review provides a comprehensive overview of plastic pollution in coastal and marine environments, covering everything from how plastics enter the ocean to their effects on marine life. Researchers compiled global data showing microplastic concentrations ranging widely across different water bodies and sediments, with marine organisms accumulating significant amounts. The study underscores that plastic pollution causes ecological damage through entanglement, ingestion toxicity, and the transport of invasive species.
Plastic debris in rivers
This review synthesizes current knowledge on plastic debris in rivers, covering sources, transport mechanisms, ecological impacts, and the role of rivers in delivering plastic to the oceans. The authors highlight key knowledge gaps and emphasize that riverine ecosystems are directly harmed by plastic pollution, not merely transit corridors.
Plastic pollutions in the ocean: their sources, causes, effects and control measures
This review provides a broad overview of plastic pollution in the ocean, covering its sources, environmental impacts, and effects on marine wildlife and human health. Researchers noted that ocean plastic concentrations can reach hundreds of thousands of pieces per square kilometer, with ingestion and entanglement affecting hundreds of marine species. The study calls for stronger international regulations and improved waste management to curb the growing tide of ocean plastic.
Microplastics as contaminants in marine environment.
This review summarizes the sources, distribution, and environmental impacts of microplastics in the marine environment, covering how they enter the ocean, where they accumulate, and what harms they cause to marine organisms. It also discusses the potential for microplastics to transfer up the food chain to humans through seafood.
Distribution and importance of microplastics in the marine environment: A review of the sources, fate, effects, and potential solutions
This review synthesized research on the distribution and significance of microplastics across the marine environment, covering sources, transport pathways, ecological interactions, and the state of knowledge on biological and chemical effects.
Sources and Pathways of Microplastics to Habitats
This review examined the poorly understood sources and pathways through which microplastics enter terrestrial and aquatic habitats, arguing that managing plastic pollution at the source requires better identification of where different plastic types originate. The authors call for source-specific monitoring and targeted interventions to reduce microplastic inputs to the environment.
Microplastics as contaminants in the marine environment: A review
This review synthesized the state of knowledge on microplastics as marine contaminants, covering their sources, pathways, distribution, biological uptake, and potential ecological and toxicological effects.
Plastic and Microplastic in the Environment
This review summarizes the sources, pathways, analytical methods, and distribution of microplastics in freshwater environments, emphasizing that rivers and lakes are major conduits transferring plastic pollution from terrestrial sources to the oceans.
A catchment‐scale perspective of plastic pollution
This review framed plastic pollution from a catchment-scale perspective, synthesizing evidence on plastic sources, transport dynamics, and effects across terrestrial, freshwater, and marine environments within river drainage basins. The authors find that rivers are hotspots for plastic pollution and pivotal conduits to the ocean, and call for integrated catchment-level management rather than environment-by-environment approaches.
Assessment of Microplastic Impacts in the Marine Environment: A Review
This review summarizes the sources, environmental fate, and ecological impacts of microplastics in marine environments, covering impacts across food webs from phytoplankton to marine mammals. The authors identify key knowledge gaps and emphasize that biodiversity loss and food chain contamination are the most well-documented marine impacts. The review calls for integrated monitoring programs and international policy action to reduce plastic inputs to the ocean.