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Article Tier 2

Possibility Routes for Textile Recycling Technology

This review examined possible routes for textile recycling technology, covering chemical, mechanical, and biological methods, and highlighted the urgent need for efficient, cost-effective recycling processes to address the fashion industry's growing environmental impact.

2021 Polymers 176 citations
Article Tier 2

Textile recycling- A review

This review examines the growing global textile waste problem and technologies for recycling synthetic and natural fibers. Synthetic textile waste is a major source of microplastic pollution because fibers shed during washing and break down into microplastic fragments in landfills.

2021 Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Article Tier 2

Textile Waste Recycling: Emerging Technologies, Environmental Challenges, and Sustainable Solutions

This review synthesizes current knowledge on textile waste recycling, covering mechanical, chemical, and biological recycling technologies alongside environmental challenges and sustainability trade-offs. The authors highlight microfiber shedding and hazardous dye contamination as key barriers to effective textile circularity, and identify emerging solutions including enzymatic processing and closed-loop fiber-to-fiber recycling.

2025 American Journal of Polymer Science and Technology
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State of the Art in Textile Waste Management: A Review

This review examines the current state of textile waste management, from collection and sorting to recycling technologies. Researchers found that advances in near-infrared sorting, chemical recycling, and biological recycling are creating new possibilities for recovering value from discarded fabrics. The study highlights that textile waste is a significant contributor to landfill volume and microplastic pollution, making improved management essential for environmental sustainability.

2023 Textiles 88 citations
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The Current State-of-the-Art of the Processes Involved in the Chemical Recycling of Textile Waste

This review surveys the current state of chemical recycling technologies for textile waste, focusing on how processes like pyrolysis, solvolysis, and enzymatic degradation can break down synthetic fibers back into usable raw materials. The study notes that while chemical recycling holds promise for reducing textile pollution, challenges remain due to the complex mix of dyes, additives, and blended fabrics in real-world clothing waste.

2025 Molecules 17 citations
Article Tier 2

A Mapping of Textile Waste Recycling Technologies in Europe and Spain

This review maps the current landscape of textile waste recycling technologies across Europe and Spain, covering mechanical, chemical, and biological approaches. Researchers found that mechanical recycling is the most mature technology but has significant limitations for synthetic and blended fibers. The study highlights the importance of developing better recycling infrastructure to reduce the textile industry's contribution to microfiber and microplastic pollution.

2024 Textiles 16 citations
Article Tier 2

A review of the socio-economic advantages of textile recycling

This review analyzed current trends in textile recycling, identifying economic, logistical, and technical barriers that keep global textile recycling rates low despite significant environmental and socioeconomic benefits. The authors argue that moving toward circular economy models for textiles would reduce microfiber pollution, conserve resources, and create employment, but requires coordinated policy incentives.

2019 Journal of Cleaner Production 376 citations
Article Tier 2

Perspectives of Textile Waste Management in the U.S. – A Review

This review examines the growing textile waste crisis in the United States, driven by fast fashion and population growth, and surveys current disposal and recycling practices. Textile waste is an important but underappreciated source of synthetic microfiber pollution when fabrics degrade or are laundered.

2022 Journal of Textile Science & Fashion Technology 6 citations
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Strategies of Recovery and Organic Recycling Used in Textile Waste Management

This review discusses recovery and organic recycling strategies for post-consumer textile waste, covering acid hydrolysis, ionic liquids, enzymatic hydrolysis, and fiber reclamation approaches. The authors note that multi-material synthetic textiles remain a significant challenge for circular economy recycling due to the difficulty of separating blended fiber types.

2022 International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 77 citations
Article Tier 2

Advancing the Recycling of Textiles via Efficient Sorting and Molecular Upcycling

Researchers examined advances in textile recycling through efficient sorting and molecular upcycling approaches, addressing the alarming rate of textile waste generation — with global fiber production reaching 124 million tons in 2023 — and the widespread failure of current waste management systems to recycle synthetic fibers effectively.

2025
Article Tier 2

Textile Wastes: Status and Perspectives

This review examined the status and perspectives of textile waste management, noting that global fiber production exceeds 110 million tons annually and generates enormous waste volumes as population growth and improved living standards drive textile consumption. The study assessed current disposal pathways, recycling challenges, and the environmental burden of textile waste including microfiber pollution.

2020 IntechOpen eBooks 79 citations
Article Tier 2

Advances in catalytic chemical recycling of synthetic textiles

This review examines catalytic chemical recycling methods for breaking down synthetic textiles into their original building blocks. Researchers surveyed both homogeneous and heterogeneous catalytic systems that could enable a more circular textile economy. The study suggests that these emerging depolymerization technologies could help address the growing problem of textile waste by allowing synthetic fabrics to be recycled back into new materials.

2024 Green Chemistry 21 citations
Article Tier 2

Developments in Recycling of Polyester Textile Waste

This review examines developments in polyester textile waste recycling, discussing how the fast fashion model has shortened garment lifespans, increased waste, and contributed to microplastic pollution from synthetic fibres. The authors survey mechanical, chemical, and circular economy recycling approaches, highlighting low current recycling rates especially in developing countries and the potential to significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions and resource consumption.

2023 Advance Research in Textile Engineering 3 citations
Article Tier 2

Methods for Natural and Synthetic Polymers Recovery from Textile Waste

This review examined methods for recovering natural and synthetic polymers from textile waste, highlighting how the fashion industry generates massive microplastic pollution and greenhouse gas emissions annually. The authors compared recycling approaches for both natural fibers (cellulose, protein) and synthetic polymers, assessing their environmental trade-offs.

2022 Polymers 44 citations
Article Tier 2

Fibrous Microplastics Release from Textile Production Phases: A Brief Review of Current Challenges and Applied Research Directions

This review examines how microplastic fibers are shed during various stages of textile production, from spinning and weaving to dyeing and finishing. Researchers found that fibrous microplastics account for roughly half to 70% of all microplastics found in global wastewater, primarily originating from synthetic fabric manufacturing and household laundering. The study identifies gaps in current knowledge and explores recycling technologies and regulatory approaches that could help reduce textile microplastic pollution.

2025 Materials 15 citations
Article Tier 2

Recycling and valorization of textile waste

This review examines the textile industry's contribution to environmental pollution, focusing on synthetic fiber waste, greenhouse gas emissions, and microplastic release driven by fast fashion and overconsumption. It surveys EU regulatory efforts and circular economy strategies aimed at improving textile recycling and reducing the environmental footprint of synthetic materials.

2025 Serbian Journal of Engineering Management
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Polymer‐Based Recycling Strategies for Plastic Waste: A Comprehensive Review

This comprehensive review evaluates mechanical and chemical recycling strategies for plastic waste, noting that mechanical recycling is widely used but limited by polymer degradation, while chemical recycling offers higher quality recovery but at greater energy and financial cost. The study highlights emerging technologies including AI-assisted sorting, nanotechnology, and biodegradable polymer development as promising approaches for building a more circular plastics economy.

2026 Environmental Quality Management
Article Tier 2

Current Advances and Challenges in Chemical Recycling of Polymeric Materials

This review examines current advances and remaining challenges in chemical recycling of polymeric materials as an alternative to mechanical recycling, which degrades material properties with repeated cycling. The authors discuss the high efficiency and simpler preprocessing requirements of chemical recycling methods against a backdrop of approximately 150 million metric tonnes of annual global plastic waste generation.

2023 Preprints.org 4 citations
Article Tier 2

A Review on Advanced Technology for Sustainable Management of Synthetic Microplastic Waste

This review examines how synthetic microfibers released from textiles during manufacturing, washing, and disposal contribute to microplastic pollution. The paper evaluates advanced technologies for capturing and breaking down these microfibers, which are important because textile-derived microplastics are among the most commonly found types in both the environment and human tissues.

2024 36 citations
Article Tier 2

Sustainable Textile Industry: An Overview

This review examines the environmental sustainability challenges of the textile industry, covering chemical pollution, high water and energy consumption, and solid waste generation at every production stage, while discussing strategies such as sustainable materials, cleaner processing, and circular economy approaches.

2022 Non-Metallic Material Science 26 citations
Article Tier 2

Textile Waste Management

This overview of textile waste management examines the global scale of the problem, with a focus on India's significant role in the textile industry and the environmental impacts of inadequate waste handling including microfiber release.

2024 IntechOpen eBooks 5 citations
Article Tier 2

Textile industry as a major source of microplastics in the environment

This review examines the textile industry as a major source of microplastic pollution, synthesizing data on recycling technologies and lifecycle assessments for synthetic textile fibers. It identifies barriers to progress — including fiber lamination with metals, rapidly changing fiber types, and low recycling efficiency — and argues that only a globally coordinated reduction in synthetic fiber production will meaningfully curb microplastic release. The textile sector is one of the largest contributors of microfibers to aquatic environments, making systemic change in this industry critical.

2023 Global Journal of Ecology 9 citations
Article Tier 2

Research on Recycling Design of Clothing Textiles Based on Sustainable Development

This review examines sustainable design strategies for recycling and reusing clothing and textiles, covering the full lifecycle from design to end-of-life disposal. Textile recycling is relevant to microplastic pollution because synthetic fabrics like polyester and nylon shed microplastic fibers during washing.

2023 The Frontiers of Society Science and Technology 1 citations
Article Tier 2

Textile Recycling’s Hidden Problem: Surface-Modified Fiber Fragments Emitted at Every Stage

Researchers investigated microplastic fiber release during chemical recycling of polyester-cotton blended textiles and found that the dye removal stage generated the highest fiber counts, averaging around 10,055 fibers per gram of textile waste. Alkaline hydrolysis reduced fiber emissions during the treatment stage by nearly 88% compared to acid hydrolysis. The study highlights that textile recycling processes, while essential for sustainability, can themselves be a significant source of microplastic fiber pollution.

2025 Environmental Science & Technology 9 citations