Papers

20 results
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Article Tier 2

Oil‐ and water‐resistant paper substrate using blends of chitosan‐graft‐polydimethylsiloxane and poly(vinyl alcohol)

Researchers developed a plastic- and fluorine-free coating approach for oil and water repellent paper substrates using blends of poly(vinyl alcohol) and chitosan-graft-polydimethylsiloxane copolymer, offering an economical alternative to conventional coatings that contribute to microplastic contamination.

2021 Journal of Applied Polymer Science 31 citations
Article Tier 2

Chitosan–Graft–Poly(dimethylsiloxane)/Zein Coatings for the Fabrication of Environmentally Friendly Oil- and Water-Resistant Paper

Researchers developed a sustainable paper coating using chitosan-graft-poly(dimethylsiloxane) and zein biopolymers that provides oil and water resistance, offering a biodegradable alternative to conventional synthetic polymer coatings that contribute to microplastic pollution. The approach demonstrates a practical strategy for reducing plastic waste in paper packaging applications.

2020 ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering 89 citations
Article Tier 2

Fabrication of oil‐ and water‐resistant paper without creating microplastics on disposal

Researchers developed a plastic-free, biodegradable paper coating made from chitosan and sunflower oil that provides oil and water resistance. Unlike conventional coatings, this material does not shed microplastics when disposed of, offering a promising sustainable alternative for food packaging.

2020 Journal of Applied Polymer Science 29 citations
Article Tier 2

Bio-Based Monoepoxy-TerminatedPolysiloxane-ModifiedCoating for Hydrophobic and Oil-Resistant Paper

Researchers developed a bio-based coating material by grafting monoepoxy-terminated polysiloxane onto chitosan and cellulose nanofibers via a one-pot method, producing films with tunable hydrophobic and oil-resistant properties for sustainable packaging paper as an alternative to nondegradable plastic coatings.

2025 Figshare
Article Tier 2

Bio-Based Dual-Layer UV-Cured Oil- and Water-Resistant Paper Coating for Food Packaging Applications

Despite its title referencing bio-based paper coatings for food packaging, this paper studies how chitosan and plant-oil-derived coatings can replace fluorine-based chemicals on paper food packaging to resist water and oil — not microplastic pollution. It examines barrier performance and mechanical strength and is not relevant to microplastics or human health.

2026 International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Article Tier 2

Sustainable Water- and Oil-Repellent Coating for Disposable Meal Boxes Based on Highly Deacetylated Chitosan

Researchers developed a sustainable, fluorine-free chitosan-based coating for paper meal boxes that provides water and oil resistance, offering an environmentally safer alternative to conventional petrochemical and fluorinated coatings that generate microplastics and PFAS contamination.

2025 Materials
Article Tier 2

Fabrication of water/oil-resistant paper by nanocellulose stabilized Pickering emulsion and chitosan

Researchers developed a plastic-free, biodegradable water- and oil-resistant paper coating using cellulose nanofibrils and chitosan in a Pickering emulsion system. The coating provided excellent barrier properties against water and oil while maintaining paper recyclability and compostability. The study offers a promising alternative to conventional plastic-based food packaging coatings that contribute to microplastic pollution.

2024 International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 17 citations
Article Tier 2

Degradable Polymeric Waxes for Paper Coating Applications

Scientists created degradable wax-like polymers that can coat paper packaging to make it water- and oil-resistant, offering an alternative to traditional plastic coatings. Unlike conventional plastic-coated paper, these coated papers can be broken down and recycled through standard paper repulping. This kind of innovation could help reduce the microplastic pollution that comes from plastic-coated packaging materials breaking down in the environment.

2024 ACS Applied Polymer Materials 22 citations
Article Tier 2

Bio-Based Monoepoxy-Terminated Polysiloxane-Modified Coating for Hydrophobic and Oil-Resistant Paper

Researchers developed a bio-based hydrophobic and oil-resistant paper coating by grafting monoepoxy-terminated polysiloxane onto chitosan and cellulose nanofibers via a one-pot synthesis, with 1H NMR and FTIR confirming successful preparation and tunable water and oil contact angles increasing with CNF content.

2025 ACS Applied Polymer Materials
Article Tier 2

Chitosan/Montmorillonite Coatings for the Fabrication of Food-Safe Greaseproof Paper

Researchers developed a non-toxic greaseproof paper coating by combining chitosan with montmorillonite clay, finding that the composite coating significantly improved oil resistance compared to chitosan alone, offering a food-safe alternative to fluorochemical-based coatings.

2021 Polymers 36 citations
Article Tier 2

Bio-based materials for barrier coatings on paper packaging

Researchers reviewed bio-based polymer coatings for paper packaging, evaluating how naturally renewable biopolymers can replace petroleum-derived synthetic coatings to provide effective oxygen, oil, and moisture barriers while reducing environmental impact.

2022 Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery 140 citations
Article Tier 2

A Fully Plant-Based Water- and Oil-Resistant Paper Composite

Researchers developed a fully plant-based paper composite coated with lignin as a water- and oil-resistant alternative to plastic-coated or PFAS-treated food packaging. Optimized hot-pressing conditions produced a coating that resisted water for 100 minutes and oil for 25 minutes, and the material fully biodegraded in garden soil within 56 days.

2024 ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering 7 citations
Article Tier 2

High Barrier Sustainable Paper Coating Based on Engineered Polysaccharides and Natural Rubber

Researchers developed a paper-based food packaging coating using engineered polysaccharides and natural rubber that provides barrier performance approaching that of plastic films while being biodegradable and avoiding microplastic formation. The coating maintained oxygen and moisture barrier properties under stress conditions relevant to food shelf life.

2022 ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering 45 citations
Article Tier 2

Cellulose nanofibers/polyvinyl alcohol blends as an efficient coating to improve the hydrophobic and oleophobic properties of paper

Researchers developed a paper coating made from cellulose nanofibers and polyvinyl alcohol and found it significantly improved paper's resistance to both water and grease while also increasing tensile strength, offering a potentially more sustainable alternative to the plastic-based coatings currently used in food packaging.

2022 Scientific Reports 34 citations
Article Tier 2

Fluorine-Free Compound Water- and Oil-Repellent: Preparation and Its Application in Molded Pulp

Researchers developed a fluorine-free, biodegradable compound repellent for molded pulp packaging by combining sodium alginate-based oil repellent and PDMS-based water repellent through cross-linking and modification. The coated pulp achieved excellent oil resistance with a kit rating of 11/12, offering a plastic-free alternative for water- and oil-resistant packaging applications.

2023 Coatings 3 citations
Article Tier 2

Enhancing water resistance and mechanical properties of starch‐based edible biofilms through chitosan, seaweed, and sodium tripolyphosphate modifications

Researchers developed improved starch-based edible biofilms using chitosan, seaweed, and sodium tripolyphosphate as sustainable alternatives to single-use plastic food wrapping. The study found that these modifications significantly enhanced the biofilms' mechanical strength and water resistance while maintaining non-toxic and antimicrobial properties, offering a promising eco-friendly replacement for conventional plastic packaging.

2024 Polymer Engineering and Science 3 citations
Article Tier 2

Two Fascinating Polysaccharides: Chitosan and Starch. Some Prominent Characterizations for Applying as Eco-Friendly Food Packaging and Pollutant Remover in Aqueous Medium. Progress in Recent Years: A Review

This review examines the properties of chitosan and starch—two biodegradable natural polymers—and their potential as eco-friendly replacements for petroleum-based plastic packaging. The authors summarize recent progress in improving these materials' strength, water resistance, and pollutant removal capabilities.

2021 Polymers 19 citations
Article Tier 2

Controlled surface acetylation of cellulosics to tune biodegradability while expanding their use towards common petrochemical-based plastics

Not relevant to microplastics — this study demonstrates surface acetylation of cellulose paper fibers to improve wet strength and moisture resistance while maintaining biodegradability, positioned as an alternative to petrochemical plastics.

2024 2 citations
Article Tier 2

Synthesis of Water-Dispersible Poly(dimethylsiloxane) and Its Potential Application in the Paper Coating Industry as an Alternative for PFAS-Coated Paper and Single-Use Plastics

Researchers synthesized water-dispersible polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and evaluated its potential as a delivery agent and surface-treatment compound in cosmetic and biomedical applications. The water-dispersible PDMS formulations showed stable performance and could enable silicone-based functionality in aqueous formulations without conventional solvents.

2024 Polymers 9 citations
Article Tier 2

Environmental Properties of Coconut Fiber/Reinforced Thermoplastic Starch/Beeswax Hybrid Composites

This study developed biodegradable composite materials from thermoplastic starch, beeswax, and coconut fiber as an alternative to conventional plastic. Bio-based composites that replace petroleum-derived plastics help reduce the sources of microplastic pollution in soil and water.

2023 Pertanika journal of science & technology 2 citations